China Securities Journal

　　The Plan for Accelerating the Construction of a Powerful Agricultural Country (2024-2035) proposes to promote the rural collective construction land to enter the market in an orderly manner, reform and improve the land value-added income distribution mechanism.

　　On April 7th, the Chinese government website reported that the Plan for Accelerating the Construction of a Powerful Agricultural Country (2024-2035) recently issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council proposed to promote the reform of rural collective construction land entering the market in an orderly manner and improve the land value-added income distribution mechanism.

　　The plan is clear, and by 2027, the construction of a strong agricultural country has made remarkable progress. Substantial progress has been made in the overall revitalization of rural areas, and the modernization of agriculture and rural areas has reached a new level. By 2035, the construction of a strong agricultural country has achieved remarkable results. Decisive progress has been made in the overall revitalization of rural areas, agricultural modernization has been basically realized, and rural areas basically have modern living conditions. By the middle of this century, an agricultural power will be fully built.

　　It will be history for more than 50 banks to close ATM scan code deposits without cards.

　　Recently, China Merchants Bank announced that it will stop the ATM scanning code deposit service from April 9. Subsequently, customers can hold the bank card of the bank and handle the deposit business through the ATM or business outlets of the bank.

　　According to the statistics of reporters, in recent years, more than 50 banks have tightened their card-free deposit and withdrawal business and strengthened the due diligence of counter deposit and withdrawal business. The industry believes that with the popularity of new payment methods such as mobile payment, the frequency of card-free deposit and withdrawal business is gradually decreasing, and making such adjustments is a measure for banks to reduce costs and increase efficiency. At the same time, the security risks faced by cash business can not be ignored, which has also become an important reason for banks to tighten such business. Banks should balance the relationship between risk management and optimization of financial services, and must not take measures that obviously do not match the risk situation, and effectively protect citizens’ privacy rights.

　　Central huijin increased its holdings of ETFs and resolutely maintained the smooth operation of the capital market.

　　On April 7th, the announcement issued by Central Huijin Company showed that Central Huijin Company was firmly optimistic about the development prospect of China’s capital market, fully recognized the current value of A-share allocation, and once again increased its holdings of trading open-end index funds (ETFs), and will continue to increase its holdings in the future, resolutely maintaining the stable operation of the capital market.

　　A number of institutions expressed optimism about the prospects of the A-share market. Experts believe that it is the key to expand domestic demand in an all-round way in response to the disturbance of external uncertainties. We should further increase fiscal expenditure and cut interest rates in a timely manner, thus boosting market expectations and confidence. Driven by more active macro policies, the economy is expected to remain stable, providing solid fundamental support for the stability of the capital market.

　　Increase information technology investment in securities firms to promote the transformation of digital intelligence

　　With the disclosure of listed brokers’ annual reports in 2024, the information technology investment of the industry as a whole has gradually emerged. With the rapid development of digital and intelligent technology, most brokers’ investment in information technology continues to increase. Hengqiang, a strong head broker, continues to exert its strength in the field of information technology; Small and medium-sized brokers’ investment in information technology has increased significantly, showing a positive attitude towards digital transformation.

　　In the eyes of the industry, the continuous investment of brokerage financial technology has increasingly played a supporting and leading role in enhancing customer experience, promoting business development and improving management capabilities. With the empowerment of the big model, the service capability of the future securities industry business scenarios will be continuously improved.

　　Shanghai Securities News

　　The operation scene is accelerated from "0 to 1" low-altitude economy "manned era"

　　Recently, Guangdong Yihang Navigation and Hefei Heyi Airlines, subsidiaries of Yihang Intelligent, received the first batch of certificate of operation (OC) for unmanned aerial vehicles carrying human beings issued by the Civil Aviation Administration of China. At this point, Yihang Intelligent became the world’s first eVTOL enterprise with "four certificates" and officially opened the door to commercial operation.

　　The industry believes that the approval of the operation certificate marks a breakthrough from "0 to 1" in the low-altitude economic manned air traffic operation scenario. Next, in addition to the improvement of infrastructure and the continuous breakthrough of technology, it is necessary to find more suitable application scenarios to drive scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation with demand, and help manned unmanned eVTOL aircraft move from pilot to commercialization.

　　The plan of building a strong agricultural country puts forward new requirements for agricultural insurance: perfecting the mechanism of catastrophe risk dispersion and developing a multi-level insurance system

　　Agricultural insurance, which disperses the risks of agricultural production and operation, has always been an important means to ensure national food security. The Plan for Accelerating the Construction of a Powerful Agricultural Country (2024-2035) recently issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan") proposes to improve the catastrophe risk dispersion mechanism of agricultural insurance and develop multi-level agricultural insurance.

　　Experts said that the "Planning" put forward clear requirements for agricultural insurance, aiming at improving the overall level of agricultural security in China and better supporting the construction of China’s agricultural power.

　　"Reciprocal tariff" does not change the industry trend, and Shenzhen New Energy Company has limited influence.

　　Facing the "reciprocal tariff" in the United States, the influence geometry of China’s new energy industry and how to deal with it have attracted much attention. On April 7, a number of new energy listed companies in Shenzhen said that the US "reciprocal tariffs" had limited impact on the company’s business.

　　Some analysts in the new energy industry said that in general, restrictions and suppression policies, including tariff increase, may affect the international market expansion expectations of related industries, but will not have a fundamental impact on companies and industries. China’s new energy industry as a whole is autonomous and controllable, and its advantages are obvious. Some domestic new energy companies have already made a global industrial layout "for a rainy day", which can meet the challenges brought by the diversified needs of customers and changes in the international trade situation.

　　Do a good job of "addition and subtraction" A-share companies take many measures to build a defense system

　　Faced with the possible impact of "reciprocal tariffs" in the United States, listed companies are responding with the thinking of "addition and subtraction".

　　On April 7, a group of listed companies responded to investors’ concerns through an interactive platform. According to preliminary statistics, more than 100 companies in Shanghai stock market responded to the possible impact of tariff policy through the interactive platform, as well as the measures that the company actively responded to.

　　The reporter found that these companies either expand diversified markets through "addition", speed up the construction of overseas bases, or use "subtraction" to optimize the supply chain and reduce the dependence on a single market, thus building a three-dimensional defense system in a complex trade environment. From price strategy adjustment to global production capacity layout, from technology upgrading to business model innovation, listed companies are alleviating tariff shocks with systematic solutions.

　　Securities Times

　　The transformation of enterprise export to technology-driven in the reconstruction of global chemical trade pattern

　　Affected by the so-called "reciprocal tariff" in the United States, the international trade situation has attracted attention. The chemical industry has been under pressure since 2024, but the export of chemical products has increased against the trend. How to interpret the import and export situation of chemical products in China in the future has become the focus of investors’ attention.

　　It is reported that China’s chemical industry is transforming from "scale expansion" to "technology-driven", and its competitiveness in the international market is constantly increasing. The insiders believe that the current global industrial chain reconstruction is coming to a window, the "double carbon" policy promotes industrial upgrading, and the acceleration of industrialization in emerging markets has contributed to the core opportunities for the export growth of China’s chemical industry. At the same time, in response to the adjustment of US tariff policy, China chemical enterprises are expanding their markets in Southeast Asia, the Middle East and Africa, and reducing their dependence on the US market.

　　China car companies, which account for less than 2% of exports to the United States, are limited by US tariffs.

　　A few days ago, the US government confirmed that it would impose a 25% tariff on all cars and trucks produced in whole or in part outside the US, which will take effect on April 3. In addition, import tariffs on auto parts produced outside the United States will be levied on May 3 this year.

　　Commercial pension report card released, account opening exceeded 1.95 million, and the scale exceeded 100 billion yuan.

　　Recently, four pension insurance companies that have piloted commercial pension business have all disclosed their business reports for 2024, from which we can see the general situation of this business in the past two years.

　　According to the statistics disclosed by various companies, by the end of 2024, the cumulative number of accounts opened in the commercial pension business of four pilot companies, PICC Pension, China Life Pension, Taiping Pension and National Pension, was 1.955 million, an increase of more than 220% year-on-year.

　　Short-term shocks do not change the long-term demand growth trend of colored goods.

　　Due to the abuse of tariff tools by the United States, the international prices of copper, nickel, tin and other metals dropped significantly during the Qingming small holiday. After the opening of the domestic futures market on April 7, the overall decline of non-ferrous commodities was the highest. As of the close of the afternoon, Shanghai Bank fell over 9%, Shanghai Tin fell over 8%, and Shanghai Nickel and Shanghai Copper fell over 7%.

　　The industry believes that the US tariff policy will curb the demand for non-ferrous commodities in the short term and have a negative impact on prices. However, in the medium and long term, the supply end of various non-ferrous commodities such as copper and aluminum is facing a tightening situation, and the demand growth trend brought by artificial intelligence, new energy and other fields will not be interrupted by tariffs. Under the rigid consumer demand, the market will achieve rebalancing.

　　Securities daily

　　The policy of "integration of newspaper and bank" continued to be effective. Last year, the income of head insurance companies increased year-on-year, and the income of listed banks’ consignment insurance decreased year-on-year.

　　A set of seemingly contradictory data has just been released. According to the 2024 annual report of listed insurance companies and listed banks, most of the income from bank insurance of listed insurance companies increased year-on-year, while the income from agency sales of listed banks generally decreased year-on-year, and some banks even showed a sharp decline year-on-year.

　　The industry believes that behind the above seemingly contradictory data is the implementation of the policy of "reporting and banking integration" and the transformation and development of the bancassurance business. In the future, the bancassurance channel will remain a very important channel for the insurance industry, and "value bancassurance" is one of the key tasks that insurance companies should focus on.

　　Observation on the "books" of private banks of 14 listed banks in 2024: The scale of private bank asset management of two state-owned banks exceeded 3 trillion yuan last year.

　　High-net-worth customers, as one of the most valuable customers in retail finance business, have always been the focus of commercial banks’ competition and service. As of April 7th, 23 A-share listed banks have disclosed their 2024 annual reports, and the private banking "books" of major commercial banks have surfaced.

　　Based on the analysis of 14 large and medium-sized listed banks (including 6 state-owned banks and 8 national joint-stock banks) that published the data of private banking last year, the Securities Daily reporter found that although the retail financial business of commercial banks is under pressure, the private banking business of listed large and medium-sized banks has performed well as a whole, and the ranking tends to be stable. Last year, the number of private bank customers of the above 14 banks all showed a high growth rate. Among them, five banks had more than 100,000 private bank customers, and seven private banks had asset management scales of more than 1 trillion yuan. The growth rate of nine asset management scales last year was above 10%.

　　The potential of inbound tourism continues to release many foreign tourists.

　　Online celebrity’s "IShowSpeed" (nicknamed "Brother Hyperthyroidism" in Chinese), which has tens of millions of fans, is broadcasting the trip to China live. During the Qingming small holiday this year, he appeared on the streets of Shenzhen for a live tour, lamenting that "Shenzhen is a science and technology city". In Shenzhen Happy Coast, he took a ride () and looked up at U8 to experience driving in the water, while in Huawei’s store, he bought three "three-fold mobile phones" at one go.

　　The potential of China’s inbound tourism market continues to be released. According to the official micro "Beijing Border Inspection Online" news of Beijing Entry-Exit Frontier Inspection Station, in the first quarter of this year, the number of foreigners entering and leaving Beijing Port exceeded 1.1 million, a year-on-year increase of 44%; According to the "Shenzhen Border Inspection" news of Shenzhen Entry-Exit Frontier Inspection Station, in the first quarter of this year, 1.57 million foreigners entered and exited through various ports in Shenzhen, up 39.5% year-on-year.

　　Ding Yuyu, a senior investment consultant of Shaanxi Jufeng Investment Information Co., Ltd., said in an interview with the Securities Daily: "On the one hand, visa-free policies have greatly improved the travel experience of foreign tourists in China; On the other hand, all parts of China actively create city business cards to enhance the attractiveness of cities; At the same time, tourism enterprises have carried out overseas promotion activities, improved the international popularity of China tourism through social media, tourism exhibitions and other channels, and promoted the rapid development of China’s inbound tourism industry. "

　　The dispute over the technical route of power battery is still deadlocked.

　　In the field of power batteries, today, the domestic market share of lithium iron phosphate batteries has exceeded 80%, while ternary lithium batteries still adhere to some high-end markets.

　　On April 7th, the official website of GGII released the Monthly Database of Global Power Battery Installed, which showed that from January to February this year, the installed share of global power batteries in Ferrous lithium phosphate exceeded that of ternary power batteries for the first time, accounting for 49.9%, driven by the substantial increase in the installed capacity of power batteries in Ferrous lithium phosphate, China. According to the latest data released by China Automotive Power Battery Industry Innovation Alliance, the domestic power battery loading capacity was 34.9GWh in February this year, up 94.1% year-on-year. Among them, the loading capacity of ternary lithium battery is 6.4GWh, accounting for 18.5% of the total car, down 7.2% year-on-year; The loading capacity of lithium iron phosphate battery was 28.4GWh, accounting for 81.5% of the total car, up 158% year-on-year.

　　As the core component of new energy vehicle, the choice of technical route of power battery directly affects the vehicle performance and market competition pattern. In the past ten years, ternary lithium battery and lithium iron phosphate battery have experienced a long market game. In the face of escalating market demand, the competition between ternary lithium batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries will continue to be glued.

　　On the whole, the final trend of technical route still depends on material innovation and changes in market demand. In particular, breakthroughs in key indicators such as energy density and fast charging technology may reconstruct the market competition pattern. At present, high-voltage dense Ferrous lithium phosphate, as a sharp weapon to improve the energy density of batteries, has become a key force to lead Ferrous lithium phosphate to continuously seize the market highland, and it is expected to build a moat of enterprise competition and further promote the reshuffle of the industry.

　　Hundred years is the first! Xinhua News Agency’s WeChat launched a new media report on the Spring Festival customs of "Little New Painting New Year", which will take you back to China’s traditional customs culture and experience the strong flavor of the year from the early years to the 15th day of the first month.

　　Today is the 28th of the twelfth lunar month. There is a saying in the year: "On the 28th of the twelfth lunar month, cakes and steamed buns are decorated with decals".

　　The so-called decals are the posting of New Year pictures, Spring Festival couplets, window grilles and various divine codes. Among them, the custom of pasting Spring Festival couplets originated from the ancient "Taofu". The ancients used peach wood as a wood to ward off evil spirits. The Canon of Art said, "Those who are peach trees are the essence of five trees, so those who are tired of evil spirits are also."

　　In the Five Dynasties, Meng Changya, the monarch of the post-Shu Dynasty, was good at literature. Every year, he ordered people to inscribe Taofu, which became the origin of Spring Festival couplets in later generations. The inscription on Taofu, "New Year’s Qing Yu, JiajieNo. Changchun", became the first "Spring Festival couplets" in recorded China history.

　　Later, with the advent of papermaking, the custom of posting Spring Festival couplets with red paper instead of mahogany appeared.

　　On the 26th and 27th of the twelfth lunar month, meat is prepared for the Chinese New Year. On the 28th, it’s time to prepare pasta. In the past, there was no modern and convenient baking powder. Ordinary flour was made a few days in advance, and it was easy to go bad. Only flour was not bad, so it was made on the 28th to prepare the staple food from the first day of the first month to the fifth day of the first month. At the same time, this is also because the old custom holds that "you can’t steam steamed buns with fire during the first day to the fifth day."

Huang Xie, the Spring Shenjun in the hit drama legend of miyue. The pictures in this article are all from the Internet.

The characters in the recent hit drama "legend of miyue" are actually related to Shanghai. A few days ago, some netizens found a famous brand near the Huang Du Cultural Activity Center in Anting Town, Jiading District, which read the relationship between Huang Du and Huang Xie. Some netizens even suggested that Mi Yue’s boyfriend was the ancestor of Shanghainese. In this regard, experts from Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences said that there is a big age difference between Chun Shenjun, Huang Xie and Mi Yue, and literary and artistic works have fictional elements, but Huang Xie does have a close relationship with Shanghai.

Shanghai is called "Shen" for Huang Xie?

Chun Shenjun, Wei Wuji,, Ping Yuanjun, Zhao Sheng, and Tian Wen, Meng Changjun, Qi, are also called "Four Childes of the Warring States".

A few days ago, some netizens found a famous brand near the Huang Du Cultural Activity Center in Anting Town, Jiading, with the origin of Huang Du written on it.

The name tag says: In 355 BC, when the State of Chu destroyed Yue, it became the fief of Huang Xie, the king of Chunshen. Later, Chun Shenjun was ordered to attack the State of Qin, and once led a great army to ferry across the river at "Lujiaopu", which is the eastern head of Huang Du Town today. Later generations also renamed Lu Jiaopu "Huang Xie Ferry" because of this incident, and it gradually evolved into "Huang Du" after being passed down from generation to generation.

Not only that, but also legend of miyue fans quoted literature saying that Shanghai’s abbreviation "Shen" is also related to Huang Xie’s title of "Spring Shenjun". Shanghai belonged to Wu in the Spring and Autumn Period, and then to Chu in the Warring States Period. King Xiao of Chu named Huang Xie, the prime minister of Chu, as the Spring Shenjun, and Shanghai was his fief. Legend has it that Huang Xie ordered people to clear the great river crossing the border. This river was called Huangpu River or ChunJiang Shen, and this place was called "Shen", which is the origin of Shanghai’s abbreviation "Shen".

There is also a view that Huang Xie, the Spring Shenjun, is a "local god" in Shanghai, and he has made outstanding achievements in water control in Wudi, and is regarded as a water god. After the eastern sea area of Shanghai silted up into land and the Huangpu River took shape, people carried out the water god Chun Shenjun and called their mother rivers Huang Xie Pu and Chun Jiang Shen to suppress the water monster. In addition, Chun Shenjun was sealed twice, which opened the pre-Qin civilization in Shanghai. "Shanghai Culture" has also left an extremely precious cultural heritage for the city of Shanghai.

However, there are also views that Huang Xie’s age and the landform of Shanghai at that time make it impossible for him to come to Shanghai, and Shanghai is not listed in the fief of Huang Xie.

The names of Huang Xie Pu and ChunJiang Shen are all true history.

"Judging from the historical records, Huang Xie, a spring Shen Jun, has a close relationship with Shanghai." Zhang Sheng, an assistant researcher at the Institute of History of the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, said in an interview with The Paper (www.thepaper.cn) yesterday that the historical records he was referring to were mainly related records of Huang Xie in Historical Records, Biography of Chun Shenjun, etc.

Zhang Sheng pointed out that the fief of Huang Xie’s Spring Shenjun was mainly in Huaibei area at first, and later it was moved to Jiangdong area because of the hegemony of Qi and Chu, and Jiangdong area was generally regarded as the ancient Wu land, and it was generally believed that this area included the present Shanghai.

Zhang Sheng said that the age of Huang Xie was artistically treated in legend of miyue, but there is a logic that can be affirmed, that is, the achievements of Chun Shenjun in water control, the names of Huang Xie Pu and Chun Jiang Shen, and the fact that Shanghai is called "Shen" for short are all relatively real history.

"There is a folk children’s song that has been circulated so far: bam bam bam, bam bam, my grandfather and mother went to open the Huangpu River, and then they opened the spring pond. The leading grandfather is Chun Shenjun, who lives in Huangnibang, Xian Village." Zhang Sheng said that children’s songs and the famous brand of "Huang Du" in Jiading District of Shanghai also showed the close relationship between Chunshenjun Huang Xie and Shanghai.

　　

　　Cctv news(Reporter Wang Xiaoying) On April 5th, the joint prevention and control mechanism of the State Council held a press conference. Jiang Fan, first-class inspector of the Foreign Trade Department of the Ministry of Commerce, Jin Hai, director of the General Administration of Customs, Danfu Liu, director of the Certification and Supervision Department of the State Administration of Market Supervision, and Zhang Qi, deputy director of the Device Supervision Department of National Medical Products Administration, introduced the work of strengthening the quality management of medical materials and standardizing the market order, and answered media questions on the quality of export products and related certification.

　　Put an end to unqualified epidemic prevention materials entering the market

　　How to ensure the quality and safety of COVID-19 virus detection reagents, medical masks, medical protective clothing, ventilators, infrared thermometers and other epidemic prevention and control materials after the outbreak?

　　Zhang Qi said that National Medical Products Administration has comprehensively strengthened the quality supervision of medical devices for epidemic prevention and control, strengthened the supervision and inspection of key links such as raw material procurement, production process control and product release, and urged enterprises to organize production in strict accordance with regulatory requirements and standards. For the problems found, enterprises are ordered to rectify in place, resolutely prevent unqualified products from entering the market, and ensure the quality and safety of medical devices from the source.

　　At the same time, strengthen quality inspection, severely crack down on illegal activities of manufacturing and selling counterfeit and inferior medical devices, publish the relevant registration information of approved products on the website of National Medical Products Administration, and update it in time according to the examination and approval, so as to provide reference for the selection of purchasers and facilitate the export supervision of relevant departments.

　　Restrict the export of medical materials? non-existent

　　On March 31, the Ministry of Commerce, together with the General Administration of Customs and the Food and Drug Administration, issued the Announcement on Orderly Exporting Medical Materials, requiring that the exported five types of products, such as testing reagents, medical masks, medical protective clothing, ventilators and infrared thermometers, must obtain the registration certificate of medical devices in China, which meets the quality standards of importing countries (regions), and the customs shall examine and release them with the registration certificate of medical devices approved by the drug supervision department.

　　Regarding the above announcement, some people understand that China wants to restrict or even stop the export of key medical materials. In this regard, Jiang Fan said that China has not restricted and will not restrict the export of medical materials.

　　Jiang Fan further explained that the purpose of the announcement is to strictly control the product quality, standardize the export order, and better play the important role of medical materials in the global fight against the epidemic. In fact, it is the firm action of the China government to support the global fight against the epidemic and the initiative to play the role of a responsible big country.

　　Jiang Fan said that at present, there are more than 2,000 medical device manufacturers who have obtained product registration certificates approved by China’s drug regulatory authorities. For foreign buyers, the number of suppliers to choose from is relatively sufficient, and the quality of supply is more guaranteed, reminding foreign buyers to choose partners from the list of enterprises announced by the drug regulatory authorities to avoid normal export because products do not meet the qualification requirements.

　　Investigate and deal with quality problems of export epidemic prevention materials together.

　　Earlier, some media reported that some countries claimed that some medical materials such as masks purchased from China had quality problems.

　　Jiang Fan responded that the reasons for the above problems are various. For example, the quality standards of Chinese and foreign products are different, and there are differences in usage habits. Even improper operation by users can cause some quality questions.

　　Jiang Fan said that if there are quality problems in the export of medical materials, we will seriously investigate and find them together, investigate and deal with them together, punish them according to law, and never tolerate them, strictly control the export quality, standardize the business order, earnestly safeguard the image of "Made in China" and give full play to the important role of medical materials in supporting global epidemic prevention and control.

　　China has exported 10.2 billion yuan of epidemic prevention materials.

　　With the global COVID-19 epidemic, the demand for medical materials in various countries is also increasing. Since late March, China’s export of epidemic prevention and control materials has increased significantly.

　　Jiang Fan said that as of April 4th, 54 countries (regions) and 3 international organizations had signed commercial procurement contracts with enterprises in China, and 74 countries and 10 international organizations were conducting commercial procurement negotiations with enterprises in China. In the future, the Ministry of Commerce will speed up the export of medical materials needed by the international community.

　　According to customs statistics, from March 1st to April 4th, a total of 10.2 billion yuan worth of major epidemic prevention and control materials were exported. Jinhai introduced that these materials mainly include about 3.86 billion masks, worth 7.72 billion yuan; 37.52 million pieces of protective clothing, worth 910 million yuan; 2.41 million infrared thermometers, worth 330 million yuan; 16,000 ventilators, worth 310 million yuan; Novel coronavirus has 2.84 million boxes of test reagents and 8.41 million pairs of goggles.

　　Do masks need to be certified for export? The official gives a reliable certification guide

　　There is an increasing demand for epidemic prevention products in China in many parts of the world. However, because domestic enterprises need to pass the CE certification of the European Union and the registration procedures of the US FDA to export masks to the European Union and the United States, some enterprises blindly entrust intermediaries to apply for foreign certification.

　　Danfu Liu said that in order to facilitate the smooth entry of enterprise products into Europe, the United States and other markets, the General Administration of Market Supervision has compiled a certification information guide for the export of epidemic prevention products such as masks to the European Union and the United States, which can be viewed on the websites of the General Administration of Market Supervision, the National Certification and Accreditation Administration and WeChat official account.

　　The certification information guide includes EU CE mark, US FDA registration and other related requirements, and also lists the list of institutions that can do the above business in China at present.

　　He called on enterprises to find a legal certification body when certification, and to understand the market access requirements of export destination countries.

He first entered Peking University in 2007 and became a security guard. He was born in the countryside, but he always yearned for the highest academic hall. When standing guard, he was once jealous of Peking University students. "They walked into the academic hall of Peking University, while I was standing guard.". But soon, Peking University’s good school spirit and style of study made him find a "home", and he began to use his rest time to listen to lectures and read books. In 2008, he passed the adult college entrance examination and was admitted to the Chinese Department of Peking University, becoming a student in a security suit. At the beginning of June this year, his new book "Standing on Peking University" was published, and Zhou Qifeng, president of Peking University, made a special preface for him. He is Gan Xiangwei, a security guard at Peking University.

Small security guards realize "writer’s dream"

Born in 1982, Gan Xiangwei came from Guangshui, Hubei Province. In August 2007, he began to work as a security guard in Peking University, and stood guard at the west gate and west gate of Peking University. As a security guard for nearly five years, I have always had a writer’s dream. In the past five years, Gan Xiangwei, who loves writing, has often recorded his experience. In December last year, Gan Xiangwei bound his 120,000 words into a book, named "Walking on the Unnamed Lake", and he hoped that the booklet would be published into a book.

Earlier this year, a publishing house found Gan Xiangwei. Liu Zhi, the general planner of the book "Standing on Peking University", said that after seeing Gan Xiangwei’s report from the media, he was moved by his inspirational experience. "He is an ordinary security guard, but he loves learning very much. His experience touched us, so he decided to publish it."

After editing and sorting out, in early June this year, Walking on the Unnamed Lake was renamed Standing on Peking University and officially published. Recently, he has resigned from his job as a security guard at Peking University, ready to look for a job related to literature, expecting to become a university counselor or a middle school Chinese teacher.

Zhou Qifeng wrote a preface and modestly called himself a poor writer.

In front of the "Peking University" plaque, Gan Xiangwei, a thin figure, was dressed in a security suit and looked at the distance … … This is the cover photo of Gan Xiangwei’s new book "Standing on Peking University". More than 30 short stories in the book narrate his five-year experience as a security guard at Peking University in prose style.

Before the publication of the new book, Gan Xiangwei sent an email to Zhou Qifeng, president of Peking University, with his own "Peking University Story", hoping that President Zhou could write a preface for his "new book".

Soon, President Zhou Qifeng wrote a thousand words as a preface. In the preface, Zhou Qifeng quipped: "I study chemistry, and my writing style is not good, because I wrote a song" Chemistry is You, Chemistry is Me "(song), which made the whole world know that my writing style is not good … … However, when Comrade Gan Xiangwei, who works as a security guard in our school, wrote a letter asking me to give him a few words of recommendation for his new writing, I agreed and was very happy. "

Zhou Qifeng said that a security guard, after hard work, can make full use of Peking University’s good learning resources, strive for progress and improve himself, which is admirable.

Nearly 20 Peking University security guards get their degrees every year.

Xiao Liu, a security guard, passed the interview of Beijing Institute of Technology in April this year and became a graduate student as he wished. Zhang Guoqiang, deputy head of the security team of Peking University, has two undergraduate degrees from Tsinghua and the Central Party School, and has also obtained a lawyer’s qualification certificate. Wang Guiming, the captain of the Peking University Security Brigade, told reporters that since 1994, more than 300 of his security guards have obtained university degrees or above, and some have returned to their hometowns to become university teachers after graduation.

There are less than 500 security guards in Peking University all the year round, but nearly 20 people get their degrees every year, because the security formation of Peking University has become a tradition of encouraging learning. The security team gives the green light to hard-working scholars and helps them adjust their positions and shifts suitable for learning; Some courses in Peking University allow security guards to attend, some professors also give books and old computers to security guards, and civilian schools organized by trade unions in Peking University also set aside places for security guards to attend classes every year.

The atmosphere of encouraging learning has also taken shape in the Tsinghua Security Team. It is understood that in Tsinghua, all the squadron leaders and above have college education, and their learning experience can also enlighten the new security guards. At present, the security companies affiliated to Tsinghua and Peking University have cooperated with Beijing Radio and TV University to encourage security guards to attend RTVU, and they can get a diploma without half the tuition fees. Most of the security guards attend adult education or self-taught courses, and usually attend classes at night and weekends. In order to ensure that security guards go to school, Tsinghua and Peking University Security Brigade also arrange posts according to the security guards’ class time, and can take time off during the security examination. Get a college diploma or above, and get a monthly salary increase in 50 yuan.

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"A low starting point does not mean a low ending point"

Q: How did you get into Peking University as a security guard?

A: In August, 2007, when I was strolling around the unnamed lake, I saw a security guard reading a book in a building, so I went up to chat. Then I asked him, I said, do you still recruit security guards here? He said that I would ask the captain. The next day, he said that the captain said that you should come for an interview. At that time, the captain interviewed me: Why did you come to Peking University? I just said two things: first, seek survival before development. Second, I said I wanted to learn knowledge and increase my knowledge. The captain said yes, you can study after your work is done. So I entered Peking University as a security guard.

Q: How did you adjust your study and working hours during your time as a security guard at Peking University?

A: We have three shifts in the morning, noon and evening, each shift is 8 hours. If I work in the morning shift, I will have time at noon, afternoon and evening. Sometimes there is a conflict with the class time, so I will adjust it with my colleagues. The team is more supportive and the learning atmosphere has always been good. The security brigade has always had a tradition of encouraging learning. We security guards are all young people, all children from the countryside, with strong plasticity. I feel embarrassed to see that students from Peking University attend classes and study every day without taking a book. We just cherish such learning opportunities.

Q: Why do you want to publish a book?

A: I like writing and often record my experiences. At that time, I had some feelings: when I first arrived at Peking University, I walked around every day. Because I stood guard from my dormitory to Ximen, I passed the students on the way. They went to the academic hall of Peking University, and I went to the Ximen of Peking University. At that time, I felt a little lost. Why couldn’t I walk into the classroom of Peking University? At that time, I had some ideas, which I wrote down after I went back, that is, my feelings about life, and I wrote them out slowly. After a long time, I found more and more words and space. After five years, I accumulated 120,000 words. Many friends around me felt very inspirational after reading my heart, and encouraged me to publish this book. I hope this book can inspire and give confidence to today’s young people, especially children in adversity, especially children in rural areas.

Q: Why did you name the book Standing on Peking University?

A: Originally, the name of this book was "Walking on the Unnamed Lake", and it was about my own experience in Peking University in recent years. Later, I think Standing on Peking University can better summarize the contents of the book. On the surface, as a security guard, patrol and other duty periods are generally standing; From a deeper level, "standing" represents a kind of self-improvement and independence of personality.

Q: You have resigned as a security guard at Peking University. What are your plans for the future?

A: I’d better do something in the education industry in the future, which is also my advantage and specialty, because I don’t have high material requirements, and it is very important for me to improve my spiritual realm. At present, I have begun to look for a job, expecting to be a college counselor or a middle school teacher, and writing will persist as a sideline after work.

Q: Can you give some advice to this year’s college entrance examination students?

A: No matter whether you are admitted to a famous university or not, you should not be discouraged. There are thousands of roads in life, and some people can’t be selected by grades. You should use your hobbies and specialties to give full play to your advantages and make in-depth research in this field in the future, and you can still make achievements. A low starting point doesn’t mean a low ending point. The starting point can’t decide whether it is good or bad, and an exam can’t decide a person’s fate. Ultimately, it is your dream and long-term unremitting efforts to succeed.

　　"China has a long history and Chinese civilization is profound." General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized at the symposium on cultural inheritance and development that there are many important elements in Chinese excellent traditional culture, which together shape the outstanding characteristics of Chinese civilization. The Spring Festival is the oldest, most important and most distinctive traditional festival of the Chinese nation. It bears the common historical memory of our nation, embodies the national spirit and traditional values, and entrusts Chinese’s emotion and pursuit. The Spring Festival culture is a vivid witness of Chinese civilization for more than 5,000 years. It has come all the way from ancient times, accompanied the Chinese nation through thousands of years of history, and deeply integrated into the cultural blood of the nation. The outstanding continuity, innovation, unity, inclusiveness and peace of Chinese civilization can be clearly demonstrated in the development history and cultural connotation of the Spring Festival.

　　one

　　The Spring Festival has a long history, which can be traced back to people’s celebrations after a year’s harvest in ancient times. In Oracle Bone Inscriptions, the word "year" is the pictograph of people carrying grain and millet, and its original meaning is the harvest of crops. During the activities of ancestors celebrating and praying for a bumper harvest, La Worship, who offered sacrifices to ancestors at the end of the year, came into being. "Sui Shu Etiquette Records" records that "those who were called wax in ancient times took over the old and took over the old", indicating that La Worship contains the meaning of getting rid of the old and welcoming the new. The origin of La Worship is very early, and the Book of Rites Special Sacrifice says that "Yi’s is a wax". Yi’s family was an ancient emperor, or Yao, or Shennong. La Worship has become a grand festival at least in the Spring and Autumn Period. "Miscellaneous Notes in the Book of Rites" records that the scene in La Worship seen by Confucius’ disciple Zi Gong was "all people in a country are crazy", which shows the strong festive atmosphere at that time.

　　Before Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the months in which the first year of the year was held were different, with the summer as the Yin month, the Shang as the ugly month, the Zhou as the Zi month and the Qin as the Hai month. In the first year of Emperor Wudi’s reign (104 years before), taichu calendar was promulgated, and Xia Zheng was determined, that is, the first day of the first month of the summer calendar (the first day) was taken as the beginning of the year. Since then, for more than 2,000 years, except for a few brief changes, the year-end established by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty has continued.

　　In history, the beginning of the year is also called Yuanri, Yuanshuo, Yuanchen, New Year’s Day, Zhengdan, Zhengshuo, Xinzheng, New Year’s Day and so on. The Four People’s Moon Order of the Han Dynasty records that on the day of the anniversary, it is necessary to "bow to the wife and wife and worship the ancestors", and the children and grandchildren "serve pepper wine to their parents, saying that they are happy and happy" and also "congratulate" teachers and relatives. We can see that the custom of celebrating the New Year in later generations was generally formed more than two thousand years ago.

　　After the Revolution of 1911, it changed to the Gregorian calendar, taking January 1st of the Gregorian calendar as New Year’s Day, and renamed the first day of the first month of the lunar calendar as the Spring Festival. As a traditional festival of the Chinese nation, the Spring Festival has been passed down for at least 2,000 years, and its origin can be traced back to the early development stage of Chinese civilization, in which traditional customs such as offering sacrifices to ancestors, welcoming the new year and praying for blessings and their spiritual core have also been endless.

　　two

　　The Spring Festival is a festival to get rid of the old and welcome the new, which essentially reflects the Chinese nation’s unremitting pursuit of "novelty" and its enterprising spirit of seeking novelty and change. The unremitting pursuit of change, development and progress is the spiritual source for the Chinese nation to create brilliant civilization for thousands of years, but it has grown stronger after suffering.

　　"The Book of Rites and the Order of the Month" says: "How many years will it be, and I am make a new start." The ancients in China regarded natural order as the source and norm of human order, and human production, life and political activities should follow the four-season rhythm. January Day is the beginning of a year, and the day before January Day is the end of one year, which is called "except the day" or "New Year’s Eve". "Except" means removing, which not only removes the old year, but also means expelling disasters and diseases and sweeping away all kinds of old filth.

　　"Rejuvenating the old and rejuvenating the new" means that people should welcome the new year with a brand-new attitude. "It’s the beginning of the New Year", and people are looking forward to a good start in the new year. On the occasion of the change of age, Chinese showed a positive attitude towards life, which included self-reflection, such as "We should change the past", "We are willing to get rid of the old and create new ideas, and we will be refreshed with the new year", and self-encouragement, such as "Try our best to make this evening, and the teenager can still boast" and "I should listen to the first cock when I get dressed in cold". All people, old and young, expect something new in the New Year.

　　In the Spring Festival, "everything begins", we should "only deal with new policies". "Zhou Li" recorded that "the auspicious day of the first month, the beginning of peace, Butchi is contemptuous in the country", and Sun Yirang explained: "The first month is just the year old, and when make a new start is 18 years old, it will rule the county (hanging) by removing the old cloth, so it will be a new king." Wang Anshi’s famous poem "January Day" says, "In the sound of firecrackers, one year old is removed, and the spring breeze sends warmth into Tu Su. Thousands of families always change new peaches for old symbols every day, that is, to express the image of eliminating the old and establishing the new by chanting Yuan Day.

　　The name of "Spring Festival" is actually an innovation based on tradition. The name of "Spring Festival" has existed for a long time in ancient times. The Book of the Later Han Dynasty, Yang Zhenchuan, says that "there is no snow in winter, and there is no rain during the Spring Festival", but this refers to beginning of spring. Today’s "Spring Festival" gives the old name a reasonable new connotation. From distant La Worship to today’s Spring Festival, from Taofu to Spring Festival couplets, from winning money to lucky money, and the gradual formation of customs such as Laba, Off-year, New Year’s Eve, Shounian, Duanwu and Yuanxiao, the Spring Festival has been advancing with the times. Today, new ways of celebrating the New Year, such as online New Year greetings, are constantly emerging, and the Spring Festival culture is still constantly innovating.

　　three

　　In ancient times, the beginning of the year was also called "Zhengshuo", which was the first month and the new moon was the first day. The ancient zhengshuo has a very special significance. "Historical Records" said: "When a king changes his surname, he must be cautious at the beginning, correct the new moon, and be easy to serve." Since Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty confirmed Xia Zheng, although it was not easy for later generations to correct the new moon, the promulgation of the calendar was still a symbol of dynasty rule. In addition to the political and ideological unity, "great unity" is also reflected in all aspects such as etiquette and music.

　　The establishment of the concept of "great unification" is also closely related to the first month. The word "great unification" comes from the biography of the Spring and Autumn Ram, which holds that the first book of Spring and Autumn is "the first month of the first year of spring" to promote unification. Therefore, the beginning of a year has been given a unique meaning, and it has become the "beginning of politics and religion" to maintain the "great unity": "The husband is the king, and he was ordered to reform and teach the world. As for Shu Ren, as for mountains and rivers, as for plants and insects, it is all tied to the first month, so it is the beginning of politics and religion."

　　Since the Han Dynasty, all dynasties have held grand Yuan Dynasty meetings on Yuan Day. Four directions come to congratulate, and all nations come to the DPRK. "Qi and eight countries are in a state of famine, and they have been king since their humble beginnings", which fully shows the unity of the country and the recognition of all ethnic groups to the country.

　　On New Year’s Eve, the "family fun" of "family feasting and gathering young and old" has been the most important way to celebrate the New Year in Chinese for thousands of years, which has also made us closely link the happiness of individuals and families with the stability and prosperity of the country, from the natural love of blood and affection to the love of the country, and finally developed into the responsibility of caring for the country and the world.

　　four

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Chinese civilization has never used a single culture to replace multiculturalism, but multiculturalism has gathered into a common culture to resolve conflicts and build consensus." The Spring Festival is a common festival of the Chinese nation, and it is the result of people of all ethnic groups’ pursuit of unity, deepening political, economic and cultural ties, and continuous exchanges and blending in the long historical process.

　　As early as in Hanshu, there was a record that Xiongnu Khan came to the meeting to congratulate him. The Book of the New Tang Dynasty records that the Turkic Khan sent an envoy to "offer things to the first month of the DPRK" and said that "this year’s new year will offer the moon, and he is willing to offer the son of heaven with a long life". Later, the Song, Liao, Song and Jin Dynasties sent ambassadors to each other for 300 years, which made the Spring Festival a bridge for ethnic exchanges and exchanges.

　　The political power established by ethnic minorities in past dynasties also imitated the system of the Yuan Dynasty. In history, people "get together and have fun at the age of every year, first order the good singers and dancers to move forward for generations, and the scholars and women will follow each other, and they will sing in harmony and turn around." Tangut people "associate with each other at the age of 18, ask questions with each other, sit less with their looks, treat their teeth with contempt, and offer their lives to worship the dance." Today, various ethnic groups have formed their own unique holiday customs in the long-term interaction, enriching the cultural connotation of the Spring Festival.

　　The customs of different places and nationalities are varied, but at this special moment of the Spring Festival, people from all over the world gather as a whole. Although there are various customs, their spiritual core tends to be the same, and they all contain moral feelings of attaching importance to family ties and not forgetting their origins, feelings of patriotism and love for home, longing for peace and prosperity, and life ideals of praying for disaster, yearning for beauty and happiness. This is the common pursuit of Chinese sons and daughters, and it is also an important embodiment of the sense of community of the Chinese nation.

　　five

　　The Spring Festival is a family reunion, joyful and peaceful festival, which inherits the concept of peace, harmony and harmony of the Chinese nation, and pursues the unity and harmony between people as well as the harmony between man and nature. The Book of Rites says that the first month is a season of "harmony between heaven and earth", "no logging, no nesting, no killing of children, insects, birds, and eggs", especially emphasizing that "you can’t weigh soldiers, saying that soldiers will be devastated by heaven" and opposing launching war in the first month.

　　The Spring Festival is a peaceful and happy festival, which reflects Chinese’s earnest expectation for a better life in the future. The Book of Rites, Special Sacrifice in the Suburb, records the ancient wax words: "The earth is against its house, the water belongs to its valley, the insects do nothing, and the vegetation belongs to its ze." The Book of Songs gives birth to the people also points out that one of the great significance of offering sacrifices to ancestors is to "prosper the descendants", that is, to prosper in the coming year. It can be seen that praying for harmony between man and nature and abundant crops has been an important part of the New Year since ancient times. For thousands of years, "Gigiri Lili, Pepsi is all the best" and "Prosperous year, Taiping" have become every Chinese’s beautiful vision for the coming year.

　　The Spring Festival is a peaceful and joyful festival. "The Book of Rites and the Moon Order" said: "The ancestors of La paid five sacrifices, and the laborers took a rest." In Miscellaneous Notes in the Book of Rites, Confucius explained the significance of celebrating the holidays at the end of the year by "relaxing one by one, the way of being civil and military", that is, after a busy year, you need to relax and have fun, and raise it to the way of governing the country in Zhou Wenwang and Zhou Wuwang. "Let’s celebrate the new year", "Stay together at night and have fun", "Let’s have fun every year, celebrate and be new", and peace and joy have been the constant theme of the Spring Festival since ancient times.

　　Today, the significance of the Spring Festival is not limited to China. Many countries in the world have established the Spring Festival as a legal holiday. On December 22nd, 2023, the 78th United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution by consensus, which designated the Spring Festival (China Lunar New Year) as a United Nations holiday. As the Spring Festival culture goes further to the world, the concept of peace, harmony and harmony will surely play a greater role in the process of building a community of human destiny, promoting the development and progress of human society and moving towards a better future.

　　(Author: Zheng Renzhao, a researcher at the New Era Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought Research Center, the supreme leader of China Academy of Social Sciences, and a researcher at the Institute of Ancient History)

Jing Zheng Fa [2015] No.23

The people’s governments of the districts and counties, the commissions, offices and bureaus of the municipal government, and the municipal institutions:

　　The Measures of Beijing Municipal People’s Government for Supervision and Inspection are hereby printed and distributed to you, please implement them carefully.

the people’s government of beijing city

April 23, 2015

Measures of Beijing Municipal People’s Government on Supervision and Inspection

Chapter I General Provisions

　　Article 1 These Measures are formulated in accordance with the Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Further Strengthening the Supervision and Inspection Work of the Government (Guo Ban Fa [2014] No.42) and the Notice of the Beijing Municipal People’s Government on Printing and Distributing the Working Rules of the Beijing Municipal People’s Government (Jing Zheng Fa [2013] No.5), combined with the actual work of this Municipality.

　　Article 2 The supervision and inspection work is an important guarantee for implementing the strategic layout of "building a well-off society in an all-round way, deepening reform in an all-round way, ruling the country according to law in an all-round way and strictly administering the party in an all-round way", an important guarantee for implementing the major decision-making arrangements of the party and the government, and an important way for the government to fully perform its duties. Doing this work well is of great significance to ensure the full implementation of major decision-making arrangements of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the State Council, the municipal party committee and the municipal government, fulfill the responsibilities of "four services", strengthen the strategic positioning of the capital city, and build a world-class harmonious and livable capital.

　　Article 3 We should regard supervision and inspection as an important part of government work, earnestly strengthen organizational leadership, put it on the important agenda, put forward supervision and inspection requirements when studying and making decisions, make clear the supervision and inspection items when deploying work, and check the implementation after making decisions.

　　Article 4 We should take ensuring the smoothness of government decrees and the implementation of work as the starting point and the end result of supervision and inspection work, as an important criterion to measure the effectiveness of supervision and inspection work, promote the government’s scientific decision-making, improve its work style, establish a new policy of keeping promises and actions, truly implement orders and prohibitions, ensure that everything is implemented and everything echoes, and continuously improve the government’s credibility and execution.

Chapter II Work Organization System

　　Fifth to establish a unified leadership of the government, the general office (room) comprehensive coordination, supervision and inspection agencies to organize the implementation of the supervision and inspection work system. The supervision and inspection institution is responsible for the formulation and implementation of the work plan, as well as the coordination of supervision and inspection work of various departments at the same level and the guidance of supervision and inspection work of subordinate units. The supervision and inspection institutions at all levels of the government system should strengthen cooperation with the supervision and inspection institutions of the party committees at the same level, and give full play to the supervisory role of the administrative supervision of the supervisory organs and the special audit of the auditing departments, the public opinion supervision of the news media, the auxiliary role of the opinion polls of the statistical departments, and the professional evaluation role of the third-party institutions.

　　Article 6 The Secretary-General of the municipal government shall be responsible for overall coordination and guidance of the supervision and inspection work of the municipal government system. The general office of the municipal government is the competent department of the municipal government’s supervision and inspection work, and is responsible for overall coordination and overall planning to promote the supervision and inspection work of the city’s government system; The municipal government supervision room is located in the general office of the municipal government. It is a full-time institution that performs the duties of supervision and inspection of the municipal government. It is mainly responsible for organizing, coordinating and guiding the supervision and inspection work, and conducting direct supervision on major decision-making matters.

　　Article 7 The county governments, departments and units of the municipal government are the concrete implementation units of the decision-making arrangements of the municipal party committee and the municipal government, and bear the main responsibility. The main responsible comrades are the first responsible persons for the supervision and inspection work, and take overall responsibility for the implementation of the work. At the same time, the district and county governments should make it clear that the executive deputy district (county) heads, and all departments and units of the municipal government should make it clear that a responsible comrade is directly in charge of the supervision and inspection work. District and county governments should set up special supervision and inspection institutions; All departments and units of the municipal government should clearly undertake the supervision and inspection functions, and the units with heavy workload and heavy tasks should set up special supervision and inspection institutions.

Chapter III Work Tasks and Division of Labor

　　Article 8 The main task of supervision and inspection work is to promote the implementation of major decisions and arrangements made by the Party and the government. It mainly includes: supervision and inspection of the implementation of laws, regulations and normative documents, supervision and inspection of the implementation of matters decided at important meetings, supervision and inspection of the implementation of instructions and tasks assigned by leading comrades and other matters that need supervision and inspection. We should pay special attention to the supervision and inspection of the implementation of important documents, important meetings, important speeches and instructions of leading comrades and other major decision-making arrangements in the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council.

　　Ninth according to the supervision and inspection tasks, the division of labor is as follows:

　　(a) the documents issued by the general offices of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the State Council, the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council, and the leading comrades of the municipal party committee and the municipal government instruct the relevant districts, counties, departments and units to implement them, and the general office of the municipal government is responsible for supervision and inspection, and the main responsible unit shall, jointly with the co-organizers, do a good job of implementation as required.

　　(two) in the name of the municipal party committee, the municipal government or the general office of the municipal party committee and the general office of the municipal government, the general office of the municipal government shall jointly carry out supervision and inspection according to the relevant requirements; Documents issued in the name of the municipal government and the municipal government office shall be supervised and inspected by the municipal government office; By the unit that submitted the document as the main responsible unit, in conjunction with the co-organizers to do a good job of implementation as required.

　　(three) the important meeting of the municipal government decided matters, the main leaders of the municipal government presided over the special meeting of the municipal government decided matters of supervision and inspection and feedback report by the general office of the municipal government; The supervision and inspection of the matters decided by the special meeting of the municipal government presided over by other leading comrades of the municipal government shall be the responsibility of the general office of the municipal government or the relevant departments that undertake the meeting.

　　(four) the instructions of the party and state leaders, and the supervision, inspection, feedback and coordination of the instructions, instructions and matters assigned by the leading comrades of the municipal party Committee and the municipal government shall be in charge of the general office of the municipal government; Matters assigned by leading comrades in the investigation and other matters related to emergency management, external liaison, proposal handling, government information and other work areas that need supervision and inspection, according to the principle of "who undertakes, who supervises", the corresponding undertaking department shall be responsible for supervision and inspection according to the division of responsibilities.

　　(five) the municipal government leaders in foreign visits and activities at home and abroad to determine the need to implement matters by the foreign affairs department of the municipal government is responsible for collecting and sorting out, and urge the relevant departments to implement.

　　Tenth involves a number of departments to undertake the inspection matters, the main unit responsible for undertaking the task is mainly responsible for the implementation of the work, and the co-organizers bear corresponding responsibilities. The main responsible unit should take the initiative to communicate with the co-organizers, and the co-organizers should actively cooperate with the work to form a joint force for implementation.

Chapter IV Related Work System

　　Eleventh to continuously deepen and improve the relevant work system, to ensure that the supervision and inspection work is carried out in a standardized and orderly manner.

　　(a) the deadline for reporting system. The municipal government should take the initiative to report the implementation of major decision-making arrangements to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the State Council and the Municipal Party Committee in a timely manner. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the State Council and the municipal party committee and municipal government held an important meeting, after the introduction of major decisions, after the release of important speeches by leading comrades, in principle, the main responsible unit in conjunction with the co-organizers should submit to the municipal government to convey the deployment and promote the implementation within one month; Submit the work progress and effect within 3 months; Further implementation shall be submitted within half a year and one year. Major progress, important situation, and the implementation of emergency supervision matters should be reported in a timely manner.

　　(two) major special supervision system. According to the important documents and meetings of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the State Council and the municipal party committee and municipal government, as well as the important instructions and instructions of leading comrades, the municipal government inspection team will be formed in a timely manner, and the staff will be deployed to concentrate their efforts and time to carry out on-the-spot inspection activities, understand the truth, coordinate services and supervise the implementation.

　　(3) Information notification system. On the implementation of key supervision matters involving the overall situation, the general office of the municipal government is responsible for reporting on a monthly basis in the form of a monthly special report on key supervision matters; For units that have achieved remarkable results, it is necessary to sum up experience and exchange and promote them; The work progress is slow, ineffective implementation of the unit, to point out the problem, instructed to report the reasons, to be informed criticism and urge the rectification.

　　(4) Dynamic management system. Establish and improve the process-based work norms, and realize the whole process and dynamic management of the government’s major decision-making arrangements. When the government makes major decision-making arrangements, the supervision and inspection institutions should establish the supervision and inspection work ledger simultaneously with relevant departments, refine the division of tasks, clarify the responsible units, specify the completion time limit, strengthen follow-up supervision, and ensure the implementation of tasks.

　　(5) Joint supervision system. According to the needs of the work, for major decision-making tasks involving many departments, which are difficult to implement or professional, the government supervision and inspection agencies may jointly carry out supervision and inspection with the supervision and inspection agencies of the party committees at the same level or professional departments.

　　(6) Regular consultation system. Led by the supervision and inspection institutions and attended by relevant departments, regular communication meetings will be held to inform the progress of major decision-making arrangements, especially those that have publicly promised to complete the time limit, and coordinate and solve problems encountered in the work.

　　(7) Investigation and review system. For the important supervision matters concerned by the leaders and involving the vital interests of the masses, the supervision and inspection institutions should conduct on-the-spot investigation and review, and carry out "looking back" and "re-supervision" in a timely manner to consolidate the implementation results and ensure the effectiveness.

　　(eight) supervision and investigation system. Actively carry out supervision and research around the hot issues that the masses care about, the difficult issues in the implementation of decision-making and the key issues that leading comrades pay attention to. Go deep into the grass roots, find problems, find out the reasons, put forward countermeasures and suggestions, and provide reference for scientific decision-making.

　　(9) Performance management system. Incorporate the implementation of supervision matters into the scope of government performance management. Organize experts, scholars and third-party evaluation agencies to evaluate the performance of decision-making implementation.

Chapter V Accountability

　　Twelfth district and county governments, municipal government departments and units should seriously cooperate with the work of supervision and inspection agencies, and shall not pass the buck, make false reports; Inspectors should adhere to principles, strictly observe work discipline, and ensure honesty and fairness. If dereliction of duty, violation of discipline and law are found in the implementation of major decision-making arrangements, the relevant information and clues should be transferred to the supervisory organ in a timely manner, and the responsibility should be seriously pursued.

　　Chapter VI Team Building

　　Thirteenth district and county governments, municipal government departments and units should be fully staffed with full-time (part-time) inspectors, and select personnel with good political quality, hard ideological style, strong professional ability and familiarity with all aspects to engage in supervision and inspection work. It is necessary to strengthen the training of inspectors, improve the ability of comprehensive coordination, policy grasp, investigation and research, and build a team of supervision and inspection cadres who are brave in taking responsibility, daring to take responsibility and grasping implementation. At the same time, it is necessary to provide necessary conditions and financial guarantee for inspectors to carry out their work.

　　Fourteenth in order to further strengthen the supervision and inspection work, in the city, district and county governments to establish a system of inspectors. The inspector is a person with high political quality, rich work experience, courage to take responsibility, good at finding problems, communication and coordination, and strong ability to solve problems. The main duties of the inspector are: to supervise and inspect the implementation of major decision-making arrangements of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the State Council, the municipal party Committee and the municipal government; Supervise and investigate the implementation of key work in cities, districts and counties, and make unannounced visits to understand and reflect the demands, opinions and suggestions of grassroots cadres and the masses; Timely feedback to supervise and inspect the work.

Chapter VII Supplementary Provisions

　　Article 15 The supervision and inspection work of district and county governments, municipal government departments and municipal institutions shall be implemented with reference to these measures, and corresponding implementation rules shall be formulated according to the actual work.

　　Sixteenth approach by the municipal government office is responsible for the interpretation of.

　　Article 17 These Measures shall be implemented as of the date of promulgation.

　　Attachment: 1. Work Procedures for Major Special Supervision of the Municipal Government

　　　　　2 important meetings of the municipal government to implement the supervision procedures.

　　　　　3 important documents of the municipal government to implement the supervision work procedures.

　　　　　4 major decisions of the municipal government, leadership instructions, assigned matters supervision procedures.

　　　　　5 municipal government key supervision matters monthly special report work procedures

　　　　　6 "inspection notice", "inspection reminder" and "inspection withdrawal" sample table (omitted)

　　Annex 1

Municipal government’s major special inspection procedures

　　Major special inspection refers to the large-scale on-the-spot inspection activities organized and carried out by the general office of the municipal government, which is composed of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the State Council, important documents and important meetings of the municipal government, and the spirit of important instructions and instructions of leading comrades. Major special inspection procedures include five steps: inspection project establishment, mobilization training, on-site inspection, comprehensive report and rectification implementation.

　　First, the supervision project

　　Inspection project generally includes four links: making inspection plan, drafting inspection plan, reporting to leaders for approval, and issuing inspection notice.

　　(a) to formulate the inspection plan. The general office of the municipal government, in consultation with the relevant units, selects the work that affects the overall situation, has strong timeliness and is concerned by leading comrades as a major special inspection item, and formulates the annual major special inspection plan of the general office of the municipal government for approval according to the procedures. During the implementation of the plan, relevant contents should be adjusted in time according to the changes of the situation and the requirements of leading comrades.

　　(two) drafting supervision plan. The general office of the municipal government shall, in accordance with the annual major special inspection plan, study and formulate major special inspection plans in consultation with relevant units. Generally, it includes: inspection basis, inspection content and key points, inspection time, inspection objects, inspection team members, mobilization training, inspection methods, inspection report methods, news propaganda, and inspection work organization and coordination.

　　(three) reported to the leadership for approval. The general office of the municipal government drafted instructions, and submitted the inspection plan to the leaders of the municipal government for instructions according to the procedures. In the request, we should clarify the basis, purpose and method of carrying out major special inspections, briefly introduce the drafting process of the inspection plan, summarize the opinions of relevant departments and units, and put forward suggestions for carrying out major special inspections. According to the inspection plan, draft the inspection notice and submit it for approval together with the inspection plan.

　　(four) issued a notice of supervision. According to the inspection plan approved by the leading comrades, the inspection notice is issued.

　　Second, mobilization training

　　Mobilization training is specifically undertaken by the general office of the municipal government. Generally, it includes four links: forming inspection team, determining training content, compiling inspection manual and organizing mobilization training.

　　(1) to form an inspection team. The general office of the municipal government informed the relevant departments and units participating in the inspection to register, and put forward the requirements for the level and number of personnel participating in the inspection. According to the registration situation, determine the group list, and clarify the responsible persons, contacts and members of each group.

　　(2) Determine the training content. It mainly includes: defining the objectives and tasks of supervision, introducing relevant information, interpreting policy documents, teaching supervision methods, putting forward work requirements, and determining the division of labor of supervision.

　　(three) the supervision manual. The important documents involved in the work and the important speeches, instructions and instructions of leading comrades, as well as the inspection work plan, the list of grouping personnel, the contact information of each group, the work requirements and relevant regulations, will be compiled into a book, the classification will be determined, and the inspection team will be distributed.

　　(4) Organizing mobilization training. Generally, 3 days before the on-site inspection, all inspectors will be trained in centralized mobilization. The main agenda includes: inviting leading comrades to mobilize and deploy major special inspection work and put forward requirements; Ask the responsible comrades or experts of the relevant units to introduce the situation and interpret the policy; Organize inspectors to study and communicate in groups, be familiar with relevant policies and documents, and clarify the division of tasks.

　　Third, on-site supervision

　　Field inspection generally includes four links: determining the itinerary, carrying out field inspection, feeding back inspection opinions and submitting group reports.

　　(1) Determine the itinerary. Each inspection team timely contacted the inspected districts, counties or departments to study and refine the inspection plan, and put forward specific requirements for the inspection work of this group.

　　(two) to carry out on-site supervision.

　　1. Listen to the situation report. In order to fully understand the implementation of the work, we should listen to the reports on the work of the districts, counties and departments, and master the implementation, successful experience, effective practices and existing problems of the key issues of supervision.

　　2. Conduct field visits. According to the inspection tasks and inspection scope, we should go deep into the reality, the grassroots and the masses, and take unannounced visits to check the progress of various work and the implementation of relevant policies.

　　3. Make an objective assessment. The inspection team made a timely quantitative and qualitative analysis of the implementation of relevant policies and measures, made a realistic assessment of the progress and effect, and found out the existing problems.

　　4. Put forward rectification requirements. The inspection team carefully sorted out the outstanding contradictions and problems found, studied and analyzed the subjective and objective reasons, and put forward rectification requirements.

　　(three) feedback supervision opinions. Each inspection team timely gives feedback to the inspected districts, counties or departments, evaluates the overall situation, points out the existing problems, and puts forward rectification requirements.

　　(4) Submit the group report. The heads of the inspection teams are responsible for organizing the drafting, forming a group report with detailed contents, clear views and clear suggestions, and submitting it to the municipal government inspection room in time after the on-site inspection.

　　Fourth, the comprehensive report

　　The comprehensive report generally includes three links: drafting inspection report, reporting inspection situation and reporting inspection report.

　　(1) Drafting the inspection report. After the on-the-spot inspection, the general office of the municipal government convened a meeting of the heads of the inspection teams or the writers of the group reports in time, listened to the reports of the inspection teams, exchanged the inspection work, and drafted the inspection report.

　　(two) report the inspection situation. The general office of the municipal government shall, as the case may be, draw the executive meeting or special meeting of the municipal government to listen to the report on the work of the inspection team. If the leaders agree to report, the general office of the municipal government shall, jointly with the relevant units, prepare for the report.

　　(three) submit the inspection report. According to the instructions of the leading comrades and the spirit of the meeting, the inspection report will be further revised and improved, and the opinions of relevant units will be solicited in writing, and then reported to the leading comrades according to the procedures.

　　V. Implementation of rectification

　　The implementation of rectification generally includes three links: informing the inspection situation, urging the rectification of problems, and reporting the rectification results.

　　(1) Informing the inspection. The general office of the municipal government will notify the inspection report approved by the leading comrades in the form of "inspection and feedback".

　　(2) urge the problem to be rectified. The general office of the municipal government issued an inspection notice on the problems found in the inspection, put forward the work requirements, defined the working time limit, urged the relevant districts and counties or departments to do a good job in rectification and implementation, and reported the rectification report on schedule.

　　(3) Report the rectification results. The rectification report submitted by the relevant districts, counties or departments shall be submitted to the leading comrades after being audited by the general office of the municipal government. For the key issues concerned by leading comrades, depending on the situation, the rectification situation can be verified by means of return visit and review.

　　Annex 2

The important meeting of the municipal government to implement the supervision procedures.

　　First, project establishment

　　According to the minutes and minutes of the meeting of the municipal government, timely summarize the important decisions of the meeting that need to be supervised, clarify the responsible units, and stipulate the time limit for completion.

　　Second, turn to do

　　In accordance with the principle of "who undertakes, who supervises", the "Notice of Supervision" will be issued, and the important decisions of the meeting will be notified to the relevant units in a timely manner.

　　Third, reminders

　　The conference organizer should strengthen communication with relevant units to understand the progress of the implementation of important decisions of the conference. For the important decisions of the meeting that have not been implemented within the prescribed time limit, timely reminders will be made, and the relevant units will be instructed to report the progress of handling and the reasons for not implementing them, and the time limit for implementation will be extended.

　　Fourth, focus on supervision

　　The relevant units in the report of the extension period has not been implemented, need to be investigated and held accountable, organized by the conference organizer in consultation with the municipal government supervision room investigation, focus on supervision, find out the reasons for the failure to implement, and put forward suggestions and report to the leading comrades. When necessary, organize on-site inspection in the name of the municipal government or the general office of the municipal government.

　　V. Feedback of inspection report

　　After receiving the inspection task, the relevant units should quickly organize the implementation according to the requirements and report the implementation of important decisions of the meeting within the prescribed time limit.

　　VI. Audit Report

　　The meeting organizer shall review the implementation of important meeting decisions reported by relevant units. If the situation is unclear, further verification shall be carried out; If the handling results do not meet the requirements, the "Inspection Withdrawal Form" will be issued and returned for re-handling.

　　VII. Summary Report

　　In accordance with the method of "one inspection per meeting and one feedback per month", the conference organizer will regularly sort out the implementation of important decisions of the monthly inspection meeting and report them to leading comrades.

　　Annex 3

Procedures for the supervision of the implementation of important documents of the municipal government

　　I. Task decomposition

　　(a) when drafting a document, the document organizer should consider the responsibility for the implementation of the tasks mentioned in the document. When the conditions are ripe, the division of responsibilities can be listed in the document, or a separate written division of key tasks will be submitted for approval with the document.

　　(two) after the issuance of the document, the leading comrades require the formulation of the division of key tasks, and the general office of the municipal government or the organizer shall formulate the division of labor plan according to the instructions and instructions of the leading comrades, and submit it for approval according to the document processing procedures.

　　(three) when formulating the division of labor plan, it is necessary to clarify the responsibility to specific units; Involving more than two units, it is necessary to fully solicit opinions and clarify the lead unit.

　　(4) The division of labor plan should put forward a scientific and reasonable time limit for the completion of key tasks, and require the lead unit to actively play the role of overall coordination, timely carry out mid-term inspection and task completion evaluation according to the nature and needs of the tasks, and report to the municipal government.

　　Second, the situation report

　　(a) in accordance with the principle of "who formulates the division of labor scheme, who takes the lead in supervising", if the division of labor scheme requires mid-term inspection and task completion assessment, the general office of the municipal government or the organizer shall urge the relevant units to report the interim progress and task completion to the municipal government in a timely manner; There is no requirement to carry out mid-term inspection and task completion assessment, and the relevant units shall report the completion to the municipal government according to the completion time limit.

　　(two) the interim progress and task completion report submitted by the relevant units, in accordance with the principle of "who supervises, who submits for approval", by the general office of the municipal government or the organizer according to the document processing procedures for examination and approval.

　　Third, supervision and inspection

　　(a) to find that the work progress is slow, the general office of the municipal government or the organizer should promptly urge the relevant units to speed up the work progress. If the tasks are not completed within the prescribed time limit, the general office of the municipal government or the organizer shall, according to the needs, issue a notice of inspection, request to report the progress and the unfinished reasons, and propose to extend the time limit for completion. By the organizer is responsible for the supervision, if necessary, please consult the general office of the municipal government to jointly carry out supervision.

　　(two) involving major decision-making arrangements, the need to organize special supervision, at the beginning of each year by the municipal government office in consultation with the relevant units into the annual major special supervision plan, in accordance with the "municipal government major special supervision procedures" to organize the implementation.

　　Supervise the implementation of other important documents, and refer to this procedure.

　　Annex 4

The municipal government’s major decision-making matters, leadership instructions, assigned matters supervision procedures.

　　First, decompose the project

　　(1) Project establishment. Where the government decides or the main leading comrades give instructions and assign matters that need to be supervised and inspected, the general office of the municipal government is responsible for classifying and decomposing, refining the division of tasks, defining the responsible units, determining the time limit for completion, putting forward opinions to be done one by one, and establishing work ledgers.

　　(2) Assigned. The general office of the municipal government shall, according to the contents of the inspection items and the responsibilities of the relevant units, timely hand over the inspection items to the specific contractor in the form of convening an assigned meeting or issuing the "Inspection Notice", and clarify the relevant requirements.

　　(3) undertaking. After receiving the inspection, the organizer shall submit it to the principal responsible comrades of the unit for review, establish the project management responsibility system, formulate the implementation plan, and handle it carefully as required.

　　Second, supervision and inspection

　　(1) supervision. Take on-site supervision, joint supervision, unannounced visits, telephone reminders, network supervision and other ways to implement the whole process management of supervision matters. For important supervision matters, it is necessary to clarify the person in charge of supervision; For matters that cannot be implemented on schedule, the organizer should be urged in time; If the implementation results do not meet the requirements, they should be returned to do it again.

　　(2) review. The general office of the municipal government is responsible for auditing the project management responsibility system, implementation plan, handling situation and feedback report of the organizer, and conducting on-site verification on the handling of important matters with high social concern and great influence.

　　(3) report. The organizer is responsible for timely feedback and reporting the implementation. The feedback report should be practical and realistic, and report one thing at a time, focusing on the outstanding difficulties and problems existing in the implementation, which will be reported after being issued by the main responsible comrades of this unit.

　　Affected by objective factors, after many efforts, the work requirements and major decision-making objectives of the municipal government have not been implemented as planned, and the organizer shall report to the municipal government in writing within the prescribed time limit and explain the reasons; If it is necessary to adjust the task and the time limit for handling, the organizer shall ask the municipal government for instructions in writing, and after approval by the municipal government, the supervision and inspection institutions shall supervise and inspect according to the adjusted task objectives.

　　(4) filing. The completed inspection items shall be collected, sorted and filed in accordance with the relevant provisions, and shall be handed over to the archives department for management on a regular basis or filed for future reference by the supervision and inspection institutions.

　　Third, performance appraisal

　　The general office of the municipal government shall, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the municipal government’s performance management, carry out performance evaluation on the implementation of supervision matters by the organizer through task formulation, process monitoring, year-end debriefing and evaluation feedback.

　　Annex 5

Working procedure of monthly special report on key supervision matters of municipal government

　　The key supervision items include: the items that need to be supervised and implemented in the municipal government documents; Important meeting of the municipal government decided to focus on matters that need to be supervised and implemented; Matters that need to be supervised and implemented in the important instructions of the leaders of the municipal government.

　　First, comb regularly

　　Before the 3rd working day of each month, the relevant offices of the general office of the municipal government shall sort out the implementation of key supervision matters, and send them to the municipal government supervision room according to four categories: those that have not been completed within the extended time limit, those that are being processed within the extended time limit, those that are being processed within the specified time limit, and those that have been completed. For the matters being handled within the extended time limit, it is necessary to explain the reasons for not being settled within the prescribed time limit and put forward the extended time limit for handling; For matters that have not been settled within the extended time limit, it is necessary to explain the reasons for not being settled and clarify the responsible units that have not been settled.

　　Second, the examination and approval

　　The municipal government supervision room comprehensively summarizes the implementation of key supervision matters, and publishes the implementation of three types of matters, such as being handled within the extended time limit, being handled within the prescribed time limit, and having been completed, in the "Supervision and Feedback (Monthly Special Report on Key Supervision Matters)" (see Table 1), and submits it for approval according to procedures; The relevant information about the unfinished matters within the extended time limit will be published in the Supervision and Feedback (Supplement) (see Table 2) and submitted for approval according to the procedures.

　　Third, print and distribute

　　For the inspection and feedback (monthly special report on key inspection matters) examined and approved by the competent leaders, the municipal government inspection room shall print and send the mayor, deputy mayor, secretary general and deputy secretary general in time, and send a copy to the relevant districts, counties, departments and relevant units; On the examination and approval of the supervision and feedback (Supplement), the municipal government supervision room timely printed and sent to the relevant leading comrades of the municipal government and the relevant deputy secretary general, and copied to the relevant units.

Guangdong provincial people’s government on accelerating

Notice of the province’s land and space planning work

Yue Fu Han [2019] No.353

People’s governments at the local and municipal levels, departments and institutions directly under the provincial government:

　　In order to implement the major deployment of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on the establishment of land spatial planning system and supervise its implementation, and accelerate the examination and approval of land spatial planning at all levels in our province, relevant matters are hereby notified as follows:

　　I. General requirements

　　Guided by the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the New Era, we will fully implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Second and Third Plenary Sessions of the 19th Central Committee, thoroughly implement the spirit of the important speech and instructions given by the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader to Guangdong, implement the "1+1+9" work plan of the provincial party committee, base ourselves on the strategy of main functional areas, adhere to the people-centered principle, and adhere to ecological priority and green development. Focus on building Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, supporting Shenzhen to build Socialism with Chinese characteristics Pilot Zone, building a new regional development pattern of "one core, one belt and one district" and implementing rural revitalization strategy, pay attention to the inheritance of historical context and the improvement of living environment, speed up the establishment of land space planning system and supervise its implementation, and comprehensively improve the capacity of land space governance and control, thus providing a strong guarantee for our province to achieve high-quality development and high-quality life and build beautiful Guangdong.

　　Land space planning is an arrangement made in space and time for the development and protection of land space in a certain area, including overall planning, detailed planning and related special planning. The scope of land space planning at all levels in the province is the land and sea land space within the corresponding administrative region. The overall planning period is until 2035, the short-term target year is 2025, and the long-term prospect is 2050.

　　Second, the preparation of tasks and approval procedures

　　(a) pay close attention to the preparation of the provincial land space master plan.The provincial land space master plan is the basic basis for standardizing the order of various development and construction activities in the province, implementing the control of land space use and compiling the lower land space plan. The overall planning of provincial land space should implement the requirements of national land space planning and provide space guarantee for the implementation of provincial development planning. In accordance with the Work Plan for the Compilation of Land Space Planning in Guangdong Province (2020-2035), we will speed up the compilation of the provincial-level land space master plan, formulate the strategic objectives and overall pattern for the development and protection of land space in the province, determine the main functional orientation of counties (cities, districts), decompose and issue various planning indicators, scientifically design guidelines and control rules for various types of space development and protection, and guide the moderate and orderly development of land space. Coordinate the protection and utilization of various natural resources in the province, clarify the total amount, structure and timing of development and utilization, and strengthen the overall protection, system restoration and comprehensive management of the province’s land and space ecology.

　　(two) the overall planning of the city and county land space.The overall planning of city and county land space is the main platform for implementing the requirements of national and provincial land space overall planning, the specific arrangement for the development and protection of land space in prefecture-level listed and county (city, district) administrative areas, and the basis and basis for the preparation of relevant special planning and detailed planning. People’s governments of counties (cities, districts) listed at all levels should do their best to work out the overall planning of land space in their respective administrative regions, study and formulate the development goals of land space in cities and counties, implement the planning indicators and space control rules issued by the state and provinces step by step, scientifically define the red line of ecological protection, the "three control lines" of permanent basic farmland and urban development boundaries, clarify the control requirements, and determine the pattern of land space protection, development and restoration in cities and counties. Coordinate the requirements of infrastructure layout and corridor control, put forward the allocation requirements and construction standards of public service facilities, put forward the planning requirements of urban and rural landscape shaping, historical context inheritance, water system and green space system construction, "three old" transformation, and arrange the scale, layout and timing of various major platforms, key projects and major projects. Establish and improve the planning transmission mechanism, clarify the control rules such as land space zoning access and use conversion, explore the planning "blank space" system, and reserve flexible space for future development. Megacities and megacities should put forward the construction requirements of regional coordination key areas such as urban agglomerations and metropolitan areas. The administrative districts within the city center of cities and counties may not compile the overall land and space planning separately. On the basis of establishing the database of county-level land and space planning simultaneously, relevant achievements may be incorporated into the overall land and space planning of cities and counties for unified approval.

　　(three) the preparation of township land space planning according to local conditions.Township land space planning is the detailed implementation of the overall land space planning of cities and counties. It can be combined with the overall land space planning of cities and counties according to local conditions, or it can be jointly compiled by several towns as a unit. According to the overall planning of land and space in cities and counties, highlight local characteristics, define the development goals of land and space in towns and villages, implement the planning indicators issued, and scientifically formulate guidelines and control rules for all kinds of space development and protection behaviors according to the background conditions of land and space, as the main basis for detailed planning.

　　(four) to guide and constrain the relevant special planning and detailed planning.Relevant special plans include special plans in a certain field involving space utilization, such as transportation, energy, water conservancy, agriculture, information, municipal infrastructure, public service facilities, military facilities, and special plans for ecological environment protection, cultural relics protection, forestry, coastal zones, islands, nature reserves, mineral resources, etc. The State Council and its departments or the provincial people’s government and its departments approved the establishment of new areas, development zones, and other specific regional land and space planning for cross-administrative development; Land spatial planning of specific river basin. It is necessary to strengthen the guidance and constraints of the overall land and space planning on relevant special plans, and the overall land and space planning should make overall plans and comprehensively balance the space needs of relevant special plans. The relevant technical standards of relevant special planning should be linked with the overall land and space planning. In the process of compilation and review, it should be linked with the overall land and space planning and checked with "one map". It should not violate the mandatory content of the overall land and space planning, and be incorporated into the basic land and space information platform at the same level after approval and superimposed on the "one map" of the land and space planning. Relevant special planning should be coordinated with each other, and the main contents should be included in the detailed planning.

　　Detailed planning is an implementation arrangement for specific land use and development and construction intensity, including detailed planning within the urban development boundary and village planning outside the urban development boundary. Where conditions permit, detailed planning can be compiled in a unified way in the whole region to achieve full coverage of detailed planning. Detailed planning should be based on the approved overall land and space planning, abide by the relevant national standards and technical specifications, and comprehensively consider local resource conditions, environmental conditions, historical and cultural heritage, public safety, urban design, land ownership and other factors. Central urban areas, "three old" transformation, recent construction and areas to be reserved or transferred for land should give priority to detailed planning. When making village planning, we should implement the requirements of the overall planning of the superior land space, comprehensively consider the requirements of rural land use, residential area layout, industrial development, human settlements improvement, ecological protection and historical and cultural heritage, implement the rural revitalization strategy, and optimize the village layout. The village planning that has been compiled should be connected with the overall planning of land and space in a timely manner and optimized and improved.

　　The competent departments of natural resources at all levels shall, jointly with the development and reform departments at the same level, formulate a list of land and space planning, including the overall planning and related special planning, and report it to the people’s government at the same level for approval and implementation. Land and space planning not listed in the catalogue shall not be compiled or approved for implementation in principle.

　　(5) Make overall plans to promote the construction of the land and space basic information platform.Integrate all kinds of spatial correlation data at all levels in the province, improve the basic information platforms of land and space at all levels, and make overall plans to build a "one map" implementation supervision information system of land and space planning in the province. Cities and counties will expand their functions according to their needs, realize "one standard, one system and one interface" from top to bottom in the province, and form a "one map" of land and space planning in the province, serving the whole process of preparation, approval, implementation and supervision of land and space planning, in order to realize perceptibility and learning.

　　(six) to clarify the examination and approval procedures and contents of land spatial planning at all levels.The overall land space planning of cities and counties and the land space planning of towns and villages are organized by the people’s government at the same level, the land space planning of towns and villages as a unit is organized by the people’s government at the next higher level, and the land space planning of towns and villages as a unit in Dongguan and Zhongshan is organized by the municipal natural resources department. Need to be reported to the State Council for examination and approval of the prefecture-level land space master plan, after deliberation by the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress at the same level, reported to the provincial people’s government agreed to report to the State Council for examination and approval; Other prefecture-level cities, counties (cities, districts) overall land and space planning after deliberation by the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress at the same level, step by step reported to the provincial people’s government for approval. Township-level land and space planning compiled by a single township or several townships as a unit shall be reported to the people’s government at the prefecture level for approval step by step.

　　According to the principle of "approving whatever is in charge", the overall land and space planning of cities and counties submitted to the provincial people’s government for examination and approval, in addition to the compliance review of planning procedures and the form of approval results, focuses on the review of strategic objectives and spatial pattern, the implementation and decomposition of planning indicators, the delineation and control of "three control lines", the planning zoning and use control rules, and the layout arrangement of major infrastructure. The specific review points and other technical requirements shall be formulated separately by the Provincial Department of Natural Resources. Township land and space planning by the local people’s governments at the municipal level according to local conditions, clear planning approval content.

　　The preparation and approval requirements of special planning and detailed planning shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant documents of the central government.

　　Third, the time schedule

　　(a) the provincial land space master plan.The provincial land and space master plan should be basically completed by the end of 2019, and submitted to the State Council for approval before the end of March 2020 according to procedures.

　　(two) the overall planning of city and county land space.Simultaneously promote the preparation of municipal and county-level land space master plans, strengthen the overall coordination of cities and counties, and ensure the efficient preparation of city and county land space master plans. The overall planning of land and space in cities and counties should be basically completed for approval before the end of 2020, and the specific arrangements are as follows:

　　1. Start the deployment phase (before the end of November 2019). Counties (cities, districts) listed at all levels shall set up leading groups and special work classes according to the requirements of this notice, formulate work plans and prepare budget reports. Hold mobilization and deployment meetings, collect and sort out basic data, summarize and evaluate existing spatial planning, and carry out planning preparation and research.

　　2.Planning preparation stage (December 2019-August 2020). Determine the technical units that undertake the planning, complete the main special research supporting the planning results and the planning results, form the planning text, atlas and database, and report to the examination and approval after completing various procedures such as expert argumentation, soliciting opinions from relevant departments and social publicity.

　　three.Review and approval stage (September-December 2020). The Provincial Department of Natural Resources took the lead in completing the overall planning review of land and space in cities and counties, and submitted it to the provincial people’s government for approval.

　　(3) Township land spatial planning.Township land space planning and county-level land space master planning work will be promoted simultaneously, and the preparation and approval will be completed before the end of 2020.

　　Fourth, job security

　　(1) Strengthen organizational leadership.Local people’s governments should fully understand the great significance of comprehensively carrying out the compilation of land and space planning, implement the main responsibility of the government to organize the compilation and implementation of land and space planning, and set up a leading group with the main person in charge personally, comprehensively coordinate and promote the compilation work, and ensure that the planning work is completed with high quality according to the time node and technical requirements. In the process of compiling, it is necessary to report to the party Committee at the same level in a timely manner. According to the needs of the work, the backbone of the business should be transferred, and special classes should be set up to coordinate and solve the problems and difficulties in the planning work in a timely manner. Do a good job in ensuring funds, and include planning and information platform construction funds in the fiscal budget.

　　(2) Promote synergy.All localities should establish a working mechanism of up-and-down linkage and departmental coordination, take the initiative to implement the national and provincial planning requirements, and timely report the phased results of important links such as special research, planning, information system construction and policy formulation. Strengthen departmental coordination and communication, improve the working mechanism of natural resources departments taking the lead in developing and reforming, industry and informatization, human resources and social security, ecological environment, housing and urban-rural construction, transportation, water conservancy, agriculture and rural areas, cultural relics and other relevant departments under the framework of the leading group, and strengthen data sharing and communication of results. Realize the close linkage of provincial, city and county planning, fully connect the regional development demands, and ensure the accurate connection and transmission of planning contents at all levels.

　　(3) Strengthen technical support.All localities should choose a technical team with high level, good reputation and strong strength to undertake the relevant work of planning. It is necessary to set up a joint preparation team, urban and rural planning agencies and land planning agencies to jointly prepare plans, give full play to the advantages of multi-field and multi-professional technology integration, do not focus too much on selecting a single-field technical team, and ensure sufficient technical strength and time investment. Establish an expert consultation system for land and space planning, actively play the technical support role of experts in various fields, and widely participate in planning, information system construction, policy formulation, consultation and demonstration. Strengthen training guidance, regularly carry out training and work exchanges such as "planning open class", and improve the professional ability and comprehensive level of the planning work team in the province. Guide and strengthen the self-discipline construction of land and space planning industry.

　　(4) Promoting public participation.All localities should adhere to the "open-door planning", establish a public participation mode of multi-party consultation, collusion, co-construction and co-governance, expand public participation channels, solicit public opinions extensively, and adopt various ways to publicize the great significance and main tasks of establishing a national spatial planning system and realizing "multi-regulation integration". In the process of compiling, we should truly understand the people’s feelings and gather their wisdom, mobilize the whole society to participate in and support the planning work, and ensure that the compiled plan conforms to the public opinion and wins the hearts of the people. Actively carry out policy interpretation and public opinion guidance to respond to social concerns.

　　(five) do a good job in the transition period of the existing spatial planning consistency.If the scope of construction land determined in the overall planning of a city (town) does not conform to the overall planning of land use, it can be regarded as the management of conditional construction areas in the overall planning of land use, and the layout of construction land can be adjusted through the use of conditional construction areas. For the scope of construction land determined by the overall land use planning but not included in the overall urban (town) planning, on the basis of conforming to the spatial layout principles and control rules of the overall urban (town) planning, cities and counties will make clear the management requirements of urban and rural planning by compiling or adjusting the regulatory detailed planning for the land where the construction project is located. Consistency treatment shall not break through the binding indicators such as construction land and cultivated land in 2020 determined by the overall land use planning, the red line of ecological protection and the red line of permanent basic farmland protection, the forbidden construction areas and mandatory contents determined by the overall land use planning and the overall urban (town) planning, and shall not conflict with the new requirements of land and space planning and management.

people’s government of guangdong province

October 12, 2019

Today (16th) morning, National Cultural Heritage Administration released four major "Archaeological China" projects, focusing on the early civilization of China and introducing the latest archaeological findings and research results of early national research.

Chinese civilization and the origin of early countries, especially the study of Xia culture, is an important proposition of China archaeology. There are still a lot of gaps in the study of Xia history, so it is particularly important to prove it as a faithful history through archaeological discoveries because of the lack of sufficient written records. In 2018, National Cultural Heritage Administration issued the "Guidelines for the Application and Management of Major Archaeological China Projects", systematically deployed 11 projects related to early national research in the process of civilization, and concentrated on supporting more than 200 active archaeological excavation projects, which achieved important results. Today, four projects that made significant progress in 2022 were selected for centralized release.

Project 1: Shicheng Site in Houchengzui, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia

Located in Qingshuihe County, Hohhot City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Houchengzui Shicheng Site is the largest late Neolithic Shicheng site ever discovered in central and southern Inner Mongolia. From 2019 to 2022, with the approval of National Cultural Heritage Administration, the Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region continued to actively excavate the Shicheng site in Houchengzui.

The site of Shicheng in Houchengzui covers an area of about 1.38 million square meters, and its structural layout is well preserved. It consists of inner city, outer city, urn and outer urn. Since 2021, the Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region has focused on archaeological excavations in the outer area of Wengcheng, and found important relics such as Outer Ring Trench and Outer Wengcheng. The outer ring trench is located in the inner side of the outer urn, and its east and west ends are connected with natural gullies. The south side of the outer urn is the entrance of the city gate, and the outer sides of the city gate are built with horse faces. The west side of the outer urn wall is connected with a square abutment, which together constitutes the first defense system of the stone city of Houchengzui. Two underground tunnels were found under the outer urn, one of which entered the inner part of the outer urn from outside the city through the outer urn wall and the bottom of the outer ring trench, and the other extended from the middle of the outer urn to connect with the inner ring trench. The specific direction and nature need to be confirmed by archaeological exploration and excavation. In addition, a large number of remains such as tombs, houses and ash pits have been discovered through archaeological exploration in the inner city area, which provides clues for understanding the structural layout of the inner city.

After years of systematic excavation in the area of the urn and the gate of Houchengzui Shicheng, it is basically clear that Houchengzui Shicheng has the most complex and complete triple defense system in Longshan period, that is, the first defense system consists of the outer urn wall, the horse face, the abutment and the outer ring trench, and the second defense system consists of the urn wall, the abutment, the pier and the inner ring trench arranged on the urn wall, and the main wall, the main gate and two horses on both sides of the main gate.

Project 2: Bicun Site in Xing County, Shanxi Province

Bicun Site is located in Xing County, Luliang City, Shanxi Province, at the intersection of Weifen River and Yellow River, dating from 4000 to 3700 years ago. It is the first confirmed large-scale Shicheng settlement in Longshan period along the Yellow River in Shanxi Province. From 2020 to 2022, with the approval of National Cultural Heritage Administration, Shanxi Institute of Archaeology continued to carry out active archaeological excavations on Bicun Site.

Bicun site covers an area of about 750,000 square meters. Archaeological work over the years has preliminarily proved the structural layout of the site. From west to east, there are three sites: Xiaoyuliang, Shimen, and Chengqiang Geduo.

Xiaoyuliang is located in the core building area of the site, with slope protection on the edge, and a large five-story row house building in the center, with the central square in front of the row house building.

The ruins of the city defense facilities surrounded by large piers and city walls were initially found at Shimenya site, and the specific shape is still unclear. The East Wall and the Gate of the site were found at the site of the city wall. The Gate consists of three large piers arranged in the shape of "Pin" in the east, south and north. The east pier is semi-circular with a diameter of 21.5 meters, and the south and north piers are square with a side length of about 25 meters, which is huge.

The three piers are surrounded by some auxiliary facilities such as wall-clamping, passageway and small piers, and are equipped with multiple inner and outer urn structures. The entrance and exit are located on the north and south sides of Dongdun Pier, and they can enter the city only after passing through two urn cities in the west.

Bicun site is the largest city site found at the mouth of the Yellow River tributary in Hetao area, and it is the central settlement site in the late Longshan period of Weifen River basin. The East Gate of the site is well-preserved, well-structured and well-shaped, showing a unique gate shape of Shicheng Site in Hetao area.

At the same time, Bicun ruins control the prominent strategic position on both sides of the Yellow River, and the layout of the city site presents a multiple defense system with checkpoints everywhere and heavy checks, which strongly points out that it should be a gateway city on the bank of the Yellow River in Longshan era, controlling the key road between the west and the Central Plains, and is an important fulcrum to reveal the social and political relations in Longshan era in Shanxi-Shaanxi Plateau.

Project 3: New Archaeological Progress of Erlitou Site in Yanshi, Henan Province

Erlitou Site is located in Yanshi District, Luoyang City, Henan Province. It is located in the middle of Luoyang Basin and on the platform on the north bank of the Guyiluo River. The site has an existing area of 3 million square meters, and its absolute age is between 1750 BC and 1530 BC. It is generally considered as the capital site in the late Xia Dynasty by academic circles.

Since the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan", under the guidance of the concept of settlement archaeology, archaeological work has gradually unveiled the multi-network layout of Erlitou site. On this basis, since 2021, many urban roads and rammed earth walls on both sides of the roads have been exposed, including doorways on the roads on the north side of Miyagi and the walls on the west side of Miyagi, and it is found that the rammed earth walls on the roads on the west side of Miyagi extend more than 200 meters to the north. Based on this, it is inferred that there is at least one partition in the west of the workshop area, the palace area and the sacrificial area.

Abundant pottery remains were found in the middle of the northern margin of the site for the first time, including pottery kiln, mud pit, clay blank, burnt earth, slag, deformed pottery, a large number of broken pottery pieces, pottery mats, dressing tools, etc., which included many stages of pottery making technology. Nearly 100 square meters of bone and horn processing workshops have been found in the southwest corner of Miyagi, and a large number of bone and horn relics have been unearthed, some of which have traces of smashing, cutting and grinding, showing all aspects of bone and horn processing. Pottery-making and bone horn processing sites are important breakthroughs in handicraft archaeology of Erlitou site. To the west of the sacrificial area, a large Erlitou cultural residence was found, and high-standard tombs with bronze and jade ritual vessels were unearthed in the courtyard of the residence.

The new archaeological discovery of Erlitou site further reveals the structural layout of multi-network format, which is an important clue to explore the early national capital system, handicraft industry and social economy, etiquette and funeral system.

Project 4: Shang Dynasty Cemetery in Shangdu Shuyuan Street, Zhengzhou, Henan Province

Zhengzhou Shangdu Shuyuan Street Shang Dynasty cemetery is located in the southeast of the inner city of Zhengzhou Mall site, which is a high-grade aristocratic cemetery in Baijiazhuang period in the middle of Shang Dynasty. From June 2021 to August 2022, with the approval of National Cultural Heritage Administration, Zhengzhou Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology cooperated with local urban construction projects to carry out archaeological exploration and excavation.

The remaining area of Shang Dynasty cemetery in Shuyuan Street, Shangdu, Zhengzhou is about 10,000 square meters. Two trenches were found on the north and south sides of the cemetery, which run east and west with a distance of about 130 meters. The tombs are mainly distributed in the area between the two trenches, and 25 tombs were found, among which 3 tombs unearthed bronze wares, 6 suspected sacrificial pits, and the remaining 16 tombs were supposed to be buried with graves, all of which had no coffin burial utensils and burial utensils. Tomb No.2 (M2) is the tomb with the highest level of archaeological discovery in Zhengzhou Mall, with a mouth of 2.93 meters long. In the middle of the tomb, reddish-brown remains suspected of cinnabar were found, and more than 200 pieces of various objects were unearthed, including 20 bronze ritual vessels and weapons, 11 jade articles, 5 gold articles, and 123 coins, turquoise tubes and beads, and ornaments inlaid with turquoise, which fully demonstrated the high-level aristocratic status of the tomb owner.

The Shang Dynasty cemetery in Shuyuan Street, Shangdu, Zhengzhou further enriched the content of the culture in the middle period of Shang Dynasty, which is an important evidence of the functional evolution and historical evolution of Zhengzhou Mall site. It is rare that many pieces of gold articles were unearthed from the tombs of high-grade nobles, which reflects the cultural exchanges and close ties between the East and the West in the Shang Dynasty. The new discovery will effectively expand the space of archaeological research in Shang Dynasty.

(CCTV reporter Tian Yunhua Yan Hong)

　　The Spring Festival is coming. After 80s, Ronaldinho decided that he would never go back to the countryside for the Spring Festival this year. He was born in a village in Dayi Town, leiyang city, Hunan Province. After graduating from junior high school, he went to work in Guangdong, and later his family bought a house and moved into Leiyang City. "Almost every household in our village group bought a house in Leiyang City, and some elderly people stayed in the village." He told reporters.

　　Ronaldinho is a microcosm of farmers in Leiyang. According to a survey conducted by the reporter of Economic Information Daily in the past year, under the tide of "farmers buying houses and entering cities", some central and western cities that "grew wildly" are bloated, the pressure on urban public services is increasing, and the financial burden is unbearable. In contrast, most towns and villages are accelerating their decline.

　　Urban swelling: the "tide of entering the city" under the prosperity of real estate

　　Leiyang, located in central China, is a county-level city with the largest urban area and the largest urban population in Hunan. This is "a ‘ Savage growth ’ The city that got up ",some people commented on the urban development of Leiyang.

　　Leiyang is a key coal-producing county in China. Since 2000, with the rise of the domestic real estate market, Leiyang has set off a climax of entering the city, with farmers as the main force, and 70% of the commercial houses in the urban area are purchased by farmers. In some villages, almost whole groups and villages of farmers went to cities to buy houses on a large scale. With the large-scale expansion of Leiyang city, the population has risen sharply.

　　A local civil servant in leiyang city told reporters that there are 40 villagers’ groups where his hometown is located, and only 6 households live in the countryside, all of which have gone to the city. It is understood that those who polish shoes on the streets of Leiyang and drive motorcycles to carry passengers are basically farmers who have bought houses in urban areas.

　　Many cheap "small property houses" have also lowered the threshold for Leiyang farmers to enter the city. During the development of villages in the early years, the planning and management of the local government once lagged behind, and many village collectives and villagers after land acquisition and demolition adopted the policy of "building where there is land and blooming everywhere", which led to a sharp increase in the accumulation of small property houses in the city.

　　Because many taxes and fees have not been paid and facilities are not complete, small property houses are cheap. According to local sources, in 2000, the price of a small property right bought in Leiyang city center was 300 yuan to 400 yuan, while the price of a commercial house in the same lot was about 500 yuan to 600 yuan. Today, the average price of commercial housing in Leiyang is around 3,000 yuan per square meter, and the price of small property houses ranges from 1,000 to 1,500 yuan.

　　Letting children receive education in the city is the "greatest common denominator" of Leiyang farmers’ motivation to enter the city. The above-mentioned civil servants explained to reporters that the allocation of resources in cities is still much better than that in the countryside, especially education. Parents in rural areas, some prefer to buy a house by shining shoes in the city, but also to train children to study in the city.

　　The large urban population has created commercial prosperity for Leiyang, which has spawned a large number of employment opportunities. "It feels practical to buy a house in the city. I am also a city dweller. This is the idea of farmers in Leiyang, and they are also very proud." For this analysis, Ronaldinho agreed: "Everyone has gone to town, only a few old people still live in the countryside, and you are embarrassed to keep it alone."

　　Town decline: people go to the building and the industry is not good.

　　Contrary to the accelerated expansion and development of Leiyang city, it is the accelerated decline of local small towns. Ronaldinho’s hometown, Dayi Town, is located in the southeast corner of leiyang city. Visiting the market town of Dayi Town, the reporter found that there was a commercial street with Huizhou architecture behind the main street, and most of the storefronts on both sides of the street were not decorated and used, and they were empty. On the first floor, there is a special bazaar with a large area. Under the zoning signs such as "Fruit Area", the long cement platform where all kinds of goods are scheduled to be placed has already been covered with thick dust. There are only a few families who buy a house on the facade and live there.

　　In order to prosper the small town, Dayi Town had some brains. The town government introduced investors to create a commercial "new district", helped introduce the Postal Savings Bank, built new kindergartens, bought some properties, and transformed developers into standard public rental housing.

　　However, the reporter found that the "Dayiwei Commercial New Street", a key project attracting investment from leiyang city, has not been opened for operation for several years, and has not played its initial purpose of effectively driving small towns. According to reports, the direct reason is that some store owners in the market town are worried about the loss of interests and do not agree to open the farmer’s market. The local government has coordinated many times.

　　Dayi is a big coal-producing town in Leiyang, with thousands of coal miners. When the coal price was high a few years ago, there were more floating people on the streets. The low price of coal has led to the "economic depression" of the whole town, which has also slowed down the construction of local small towns.

　　The population rushing to buy a house in the city has not only weakened the prosperity of the market town of Dayi Town, but also taken away many students from Dayi Town, and also worried the local government that if the investment in rural education is increased, if the number of students is not stable in the future, wouldn’t it be a waste?

　　"The most profound feeling of farmers entering the city is that farmers with a little economic strength in the rural areas of Leiyang are willing to send them to urban schools even if their children go to primary school." A rural female teacher told reporters that her school was formed by the merger of two primary schools, but after the merger, the number of students in one class is now less than the peak before the merger.

　　Despite the difficulties, Dayi Town is still trying to build small towns and try to keep the population as much as possible. In recent years, a waterworks has been built in the town, a 300-meter-long sewer pipe has been completed, the appearance of the market town has been beautified, and public kindergartens have also been opened. They are introducing the boss of Anji, Zhejiang Province, hoping to open a factory to digest tens of thousands of acres of bamboo on the mountain and drive farmers to increase their income on the spot. They hope to develop rural tourism, for example, to create a hometown of lotus flowers and boost their popularity.

　　Compared with Dayi Town, the location of the new town is relatively superior. It is close to Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway and leishui River, and the traffic location is extremely convenient. In history, Leiyang county was once ruled, and now there are still old streets and alleys preserved. In the past, the new city was the center of surrounding towns and villages, and many people from towns and villages in neighboring counties came to the new city to hold fairs. Nowadays, many towns in neighboring counties are prosperous, and the role of the central market town in the new city is correspondingly weakened.

　　The expanding Leiyang urban area has swept away a lot of rural resources like a flood, and villages and towns are like riverbeds after the spring tide, leaving a trail of weeds and gravel.

　　Urban fatigue: farmers have many problems in entering the city

　　Relevant people who have visited Leiyang on the spot can’t help but sigh: "Is the polarization between cities and towns the new urbanization we want?" Large-scale farmers entering the city make Leiyang’s public services "under great pressure" and its financial burden is unbearable.

　　A large number of children of migrant workers need to go to school, and it is difficult for the government to bear the burden of running a school, so private schools came into being. Although private education has solved the problem of schooling for a large number of children, it has also increased the burden on parents to some extent.

　　The problem of "difficulty in going to school" and its derivative "large class size" is also prominent in Leiyang. Cai Zichi Middle School in Leiyang was called "the largest junior high school in Asia" at its peak. In a report in 2015, leiyang city Education Bureau described that "with the acceleration of urbanization, the urban population has increased sharply, and the number of students who choose schools in cities has increased sharply, and the public education resources in urban areas are in short supply, resulting in a serious shortage of degrees". It is not uncommon for 70 to 80 students to have a "large class" in Leiyang City.

　　The city is expanding on a large scale, but the infrastructure is difficult to follow up quickly. Traffic, garbage disposal, urban flood control, etc. all have large debts. Ronaldinho told reporters that his home is on the top floor of the eighth floor, and there is no elevator. People above the fifth floor can use tap water all the year round by self-purchased booster pumps.

　　A large number of "small property houses" have become the "scars" of the city. They have no community, no property and messy environment. The proportion of residential areas with property is very low. Even if there are, many of them are transferred by developers to relatives and friends for operation, lacking substantial bidding and backward management.

　　The problem of disorderly development of real estate is very prominent, which has become a major fuse of social contradictions in Leiyang. In the second half of 2016, a report by the local government revealed that more than 70% of the cases of letters and visits in Leiyang were caused by real estate development and land development, and 95% of the cases of letters and visits were the above two types of cases. Some "black buildings" and "black projects" have serious problems, and most of them have problems such as failure to hand over houses on time, failure to apply for permits, unfinished projects, broken project funds and suspected illegal fund-raising.

　　"It is not easy for farmers who are inferior in average education and quality to leave the fields to live in cities." The person in charge of a furniture store in Leiyang raised many problems faced by farmers after entering the city, for example, how to solve the employment and life problems? How to protect medical care, insurance and recreational life? In his view, if these problems are not solved, "it is not a good thing for farmers to go to cities, but it will cause some new social problems and give birth to a new difficult group."

　　Open a number of broken roads in the urban area, demolish 136,273 square meters of illegal buildings, and build a new education city next to high-speed railway station … … Nowadays, Leiyang is strengthening urban management with unprecedented efforts, putting forward the slogan of "building the largest and most beautiful county in the province", and has also started in the planning and construction of small towns in recent years. But in comparison, the changes in small towns are far behind those in urban areas, and Leiyang is also making great efforts to transform weak schools in rural areas.

　　"The city management is not good enough." Ronaldinho said flatly that he doesn’t like Leiyang, although this is his hometown. One day, he hopes to go to his wife’s hometown of Hainan Island and start a new life.