On March 15, 2017, people visited the "Problem Auto Show" in Hangzhou. Information photo

　　Xinhua News Agency (by Zhu Huiqing)

　　According to the data released by china automobile dealers association, the total number of used cars traded in 2019 was 14,922,800, up 7.96% year-on-year. Despite the slowdown in growth due to the new car market, the momentum is still good. The insiders believe that compared with European and American auto markets, China’s used car market has great growth potential, but it is imperative to break the shackles of the "lemon effect", standardize the industry order, enhance market transparency, and form a virtuous circle, so as to truly activate its potential.

　　Low industry integrity

　　Cause consumers to resist inertia

　　"Lemon effect" refers to the fact that under the condition of asymmetric information, inferior products will gradually replace good products, resulting in the market being flooded with inferior products. At present, the second-hand car market presents a prominent "lemon effect" feature. Consumers are not surprised by data fraud and shoddy flooding. Some second-hand car dealers are not ashamed, but instead "work hard" on fraud.

　　Ms. Xu, a citizen of Qingdao, bought a car from a used car dealer the year before last. "The appearance is brand-new, and the salesperson ‘ Guaranteed ticket ’ Say the car is fine. " When she paid the vehicle insurance last year, she was surprised to find that the insurance cost rose sharply.

　　Upon inquiry, it was found that the car had caused a major traffic accident and caused death, but neither the second-hand car dealership nor the sales staff told it truthfully. The original salesperson said on the phone that he had resigned and was unwilling to coordinate the handling. When she found the car dealership again, she found that people had already gone to the building.

　　Coincidentally, Ms. Ma from Hebei bought a self-owned brand car. After driving for half a year, she found that there was actually water in the gearbox oil, and she suspected that she had bought a soaking car. Tested by the manufacturer, it is also confirmed that it is indeed a soaking car.

　　According to the frame number of Ms. Ma’s car, the manufacturer found that a car sales company in Foshan had issued a statement. On June 8, 2018, affected by typhoon "Ai Yunni", 101 cars of the company were flooded, and the soaking cars were sold by the auction company. The disputes caused by these cars and all the consequences caused by them were borne by the auction company. Undoubtedly, some of these soaking cars have been repackaged and flowed into the used car market.

　　"It doesn’t look special, and some of them are particularly new, but there is a big problem with the water car." A second-hand car dealer in Tianjin revealed that the soaking car would cause serious damage to the car engine and some internal electronic equipment. Even after many soaking cars are repaired, they will have faults such as short circuit and poor contact after a long time, and it is not easy to find out the cause of the fault, which has great security risks.

　　The experience of two consumers is very representative in the dispute of buying a second-hand car. The reporter visited a number of second-hand car dealers and found that second-hand cars, such as accident cars and soaking cars, which have low consumer recognition and still have hidden dangers on the road after repair, are still rarely cared for even if they are sold below the market price, so bad businesses will take concealment or even deception to cover up the problem.

　　In order to sell at a high price, used cars that have no problems are usually treated with tricks such as adjusting the watch and modifying the frame number, which is almost an open secret of the industry.

　　The data of Beijing No.2 Intermediate People’s Court further confirmed the market chaos. From January 2015 to March 2018, the hospital concluded 25 cases of consumer rights protection caused by the purchase of used cars. Consumer litigation requests focus on the existence of fraud or breach of contract by car dealers, demanding cancellation or termination of contracts, etc.

　　"The industry bottom line has been trampled on again and again." Liu Xin, a second-hand car practitioner in Tianjin, bluntly said that the second-hand car market originally relied on the trust relationship, but this relationship has long been broken. Jia Xinguang, executive director of china automobile dealers association, believes that the low integrity of the industry as a whole has triggered the inertia of consumers’ resistance. In the long run, it will form a vicious circle of embarrassment that it is difficult to buy a used car, sell a car and transform and upgrade the industry.

　　"Black car dealers" are rampant

　　Disrupt the order of the used car market

　　In the mixed used car market, there are always "black car dealers". The "black car dealers" not only seek benefits by fraud, but even develop to buy and sell by violent means such as threats and intimidation, involving black and evil, seriously damaging the rights and interests of consumers and disrupting the order and trading environment of the used car market.

　　Since last year, many cases related to used car business have been investigated nationwide. In these cases, in addition to the characteristics of long duration, large number of victims, and outstanding violence, there are several types of escalation that deserve vigilance:

　　— — Under the guise of second-hand car trading, set up many obstacles and commit fraud. In June last year, the defendants Wang Moumou and Jin Moumou, who were prosecuted by the People’s Procuratorate of Jiangbei District, Ningbo City, were suspected of teaching criminal methods, fraud and forced trading in Jiangbei Court. According to the accusation of the public prosecution agency, since July 2016, this evil criminal group, relying on Ningbo Yinduo Second-hand Car Brokerage Co., Ltd., has published fictitious low-priced and high-quality car source information on the Internet to attract victims from all over the country to buy cars, and then deceived the victims to buy other high-priced "second-hand cars" on the grounds that the car has been sold and soaked in water. After the victims signed the contract and paid the deposit or handling fee, they charged the victims high fees or artificially created obstacles to pick up the car, thus illegally occupying the victim’s car deposit. In such cases, the second-hand car is even just a cover.

　　— — Obtaining and selling illegal vehicles by illegal means, not only consumers are cheated, but also other parties involved suffer greatly. Xingqing district Public Security Bureau of Yinchuan City recently held a press conference to announce that it had traveled to six provinces and eight places for five months, found more than 80 victims, and successfully destroyed a 15-member evil criminal group headed by Liu Moumou, the boss behind Ningxia Aerospace Horse Automobile Trading Co., Ltd. The gang has been entrenched in the second-hand car market in Yinchuan for a long time, using illegal detention, extortion, fraud and other illegal means to trade second-hand cars for illegal profits.

　　In terms of specific methods, the company illegally recovered the overdue vehicles of the loan company, seized the vehicles by the court, and sold such vehicles to customers. The customers bought the vehicles without knowing it, and then the vehicles were taken back by the loan company, losing all their money. To make matters worse, when the gang members were collecting and selling used cars, they used illegal detention, extortion and other illegal means to threaten and intimidate the car collectors and prevent them from collecting cars, which also caused losses to the loan companies.

　　Wang Xiaoyu, vice president of Cheduoduo Group, said that the second-hand car market has been chaotic for a long time. Because most traditional second-hand car dealers started from soliciting customers on the street to earn the price difference, and the entry threshold was low, a large number of idle people entered, and in order to make quick money, illegal business, unfair competition and "black car dealers" were bred.

　　At present, the illegal acts of "black car dealers" are rarely exposed. The reason is that "black car dealers" are mostly scattered individual operators or small businesses, lacking business qualifications, and the amount of fraud of buyers and sellers is low or it is difficult to prove, so that the police or industrial and commercial departments are difficult to accept. Buyers have no choice but to complain about "black car dealers" to the courts, consumers’ associations and other departments, but most users can’t afford the time cost and prosecution fees because of the weak situation, so they can only give up their rights protection. Therefore, "black car dealers" have no fear, and have become stubborn "psoriasis" over time, which has seriously affected the development of the used car industry.

　　Establish a credit system

　　It is urgent to improve the trading system.

　　In 2019, the transaction amount of used cars in China was 935.686 billion yuan, a cumulative year-on-year increase of 8.76%, only one step away from one trillion yuan. For such a mass market, it is extremely urgent to establish and improve the second-hand car trading system and truly create a market environment with standardized management and efficient operation.

　　According to the statistics of China Automotive Research Data Center, in 2018, there were 76.09 million vehicles in China at the peak of trading (5 to 9 years old). Once this potential breaks out, it will not only inject a shot in the arm into the current depressed automobile market, but also be expected to cultivate and grow into a stable economic growth point.

　　To control the current chaos in the second-hand car trading market, it is necessary to improve the second-hand car trading system, strengthen the monitoring of the quality of second-hand cars, and disclose relevant information to consumers to avoid information asymmetry between consumers and car dealers; It is also necessary to strengthen the supervision of second-hand car enterprises, urge enterprises to fulfill their information disclosure obligations to consumers, fully respect consumers’ right to know, choose, fair trade and security, and safeguard consumers’ rights and interests.

　　It is the voice of many people in the industry to explore and improve the soft environment of second-hand car market transactions and establish a unified national second-hand car quality traceability system. Yang Xiaojun, vice president and secretary general of Beijing Consumers Association, pointed out that there is a common and serious violation of consumers’ rights and interests in the second-hand car trading market in China, and the main reason lies in the opaque information of car condition. In the course of the reporter’s investigation, the disadvantages of difficult inquiry and verification of the real information of used cars have also been repeatedly "spit" by consumers.

　　Wang Xiaoyu also said that except for some brand cars, maintenance records can be found in 4S shops, most repair shops do not keep electronic maintenance records, insurance companies do not disclose vehicle accident information, and traffic control departments do not provide overall vehicle information inquiry, so some car dealers dare to cheat recklessly. Facing the huge number of used cars, it is a feasible idea to establish an official and public comprehensive information inquiry system for used cars and an exclusive "electronic file" for each car. At the same time, it is necessary to promote the industry to expand its profit model and standardize the pricing of used cars by technical means. Due to the lack of feasible standards, the market pricing of used cars has always been more casual, and "one car, one condition and one price" is the norm. Wang Xiaoyu pointed out that there are "two over-dependence" in the used car industry: First, over-reliance on "old master" pricing, but the factors that really affect pricing include more than 2,000 dimensions such as vehicle information and usage characteristics, which are completely difficult to control by relying on experience; The other is a single transaction profit model that relies too much on earning the price difference. Car dealers are likely to hide the vehicle problems for the benefit, just to win high prices, which is not good for the healthy and long-term development of the used car industry. To this end, he suggested that the used car industry should realize reasonable pricing and establish a sound and diversified profit model, thus helping the used car trading industry to develop rapidly, healthily and sustainably.

　　Taking honest management as the center can also encourage the industry to appropriately increase concentration. For a long time, small and medium-sized merchants in the used car market have occupied half of the country, "shooting a gun for a place" and not paying attention to honest management. Insiders suggest that the industry should be encouraged and supported to develop along three major trends: chaining, branding and e-commerce. From the experience of other industries, only by forming a certain business scale and volume can we pursue quality and reputation, establish word-of-mouth and brand effect, and it is easier to have the ability to coordinate information, and integrate advanced technologies such as big data and blockchain into the used car industry, realize online and offline integration, and resolve consumption pain points. (Reporter Mao Zhenhua)

　　Go out for two minutes and sweat for two hours. Recently, the temperature in Guangzhou has hit record highs, and the number of patients seeking medical treatment for heatstroke is also increasing. AARON Li, director of emergency medicine department of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and Ke Jiayou, the attending physician, reminded us.

　　Beware of indoor heatstroke in the elderly

　　Many people think that heatstroke will happen as long as the temperature rises, but it is not. The onset of heatstroke is closely related to three environmental factors: high temperature, high humidity and windless environment. When people are in a high temperature environment, the heat dissipation function becomes worse, or the heat production increases, which will lead to heatstroke. Generally speaking, the meteorological threshold of heatstroke is the daily average temperature > 30℃ or the relative humidity > 73%. When temperature and humidity conditions exist at the same time, the incidence of heatstroke increases obviously; When the daily maximum temperature is ≥37℃, the number of people suffering from heatstroke increases sharply.

　　The doctor reminded that it is best to pay attention to the weather forecast before going out, reduce outdoor activities at noon or when the sun is strong, and arrange outdoor activities in the early morning or evening.

　　It is best to have a thermometer and hygrometer at home. If the temperature and humidity are too high, turn on the air conditioner in time to cool down. This is especially important for the elderly who live alone. The function of the thermoregulatory center of the elderly is reduced, and their sensitivity to temperature changes is reduced. If they live alone and seldom go out, they may suffer from heatstroke because they don’t realize that the indoor temperature is too high. If this hot weather continues, family members of the elderly or street social workers should strengthen their visits to prevent heatstroke.

　　According to AARON Li, the elderly with poor self-care ability are the high-risk group of heatstroke. Another reason is that the elderly are more likely to suffer from basic diseases (weakness, mild liver and kidney dysfunction, hypernatremia/hyponatremia) or obesity, and heat is only the cause of heatstroke. This part of the elderly have poor ability to regulate body temperature, and if they have obesity problems, their heat dissipation ability is also poor. If you are in a high temperature, high humidity, and unventilated environment, you may even have a heat stroke, which is dangerous to disability and death.

　　Lack of sleep is more likely to cause heatstroke.

　　When Mr. Li, 38, went climbing with his friends during the Dragon Boat Festival, he developed symptoms such as sweating, headache, aching limbs and weakness. He didn’t understand why he had climbed mountains in hot weather before, and why something went wrong this time. Later, I learned that he had insomnia the day before climbing the mountain, and he suffered from heatstroke the next day as planned.

　　AARON Li answered that in a high temperature environment, there are dehydration manifestations such as illness, fever, or vomiting and diarrhea; Lack of sleep causes decreased resistance; When obese people cause individual factors such as elevated metabolism, they are more prone to heatstroke.

　　In addition, heatstroke often occurs in heavy physical activity (such as soldiers, athletes, firefighters, construction workers, etc.), the elderly, people with basic diseases (such as hypohidrosis and serious skin diseases), weak or bedridden people, infants, alcoholics or drug addicts, pregnant women, etc.

　　Sometimes the temperature does not exceed 30℃, but due to special clothes (such as clothes with poor air permeability, chemical protective clothing, nuclear radiation protective clothing, fire protective clothing, etc.), special posts (such as high-temperature operations such as fire fighting) or special environments (such as greenhouses, closed factories, carriages, and operation rooms), the local temperature often exceeds 30℃, and it is also easy to suffer from heatstroke. These groups should also pay attention. (Reporter Chen Hui correspondent Wang Jian)

　

　　Figure 1: Year-on-year increase in the number of civil and commercial cases received by Huzhou courts in the first instance from 2018 to 2020.

　　Figure 2: The pre-litigation settlement rate of contradictions and disputes in Huzhou courts from 2018 to 2020 (Note: calculation formula: number of successful pre-litigation cases/number of civil and commercial cases received in first instance (excluding special procedure cases)+number of administrative cases received in first instance)

　　Core Tip: As the birthplace of the "Fengqiao Experience" in the new era, in recent years, the provincial party committee has focused on deepening the construction of the center for mediating and resolving social contradictions and disputes, comprehensively integrating all kinds of dispute resolution resources, actively promoting the reform of "running at most one place" to resolve contradictions and disputes, and effectively building a complaint source governance system with Zhejiang characteristics. As an important participant in the reform of "running at most one place", how the people’s court can effectively promote and guarantee this reform deserves in-depth study. To this end, the Intermediate People’s Court of Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province set up a research group to conduct a special investigation on the relevant work of Huzhou City Court in actively participating in the construction of social contradictions and disputes mediation and resolution center and comprehensively promoting the source of complaint management in the past two years.

　　I. Basic information

　　Huzhou court actively participated in the construction of mediation and settlement center for social contradictions and disputes (hereinafter referred to as Maodiao Center), deeply integrated one-stop diversified dispute settlement and litigation service system construction into the "one place at most" reform, and promoted the construction of litigation source governance mechanism from three dimensions: non-litigation governance, non-litigation settlement and litigation termination. Since fully participating in the construction of the Diaodiao Center in 2019, the number of civil and commercial cases in the first instance has decreased year by year, the rate of resolving contradictions and disputes before litigation has been continuously improved, and the source of litigation has achieved remarkable results (see Figure 1 and Figure 2).

　　1. Adhere to active integration and fully implement judicial settlement. First, the complaint service center settled in full coverage. Since 2019, Huzhou court has fully implemented and completed the litigation service center of grass-roots courts to settle in the county-level spear transfer center as a whole. By the end of 2020, a total of 87 court litigation staff had settled in the county-level spear mediation center, and 40 mediators originally attached to the litigation center had been introduced into the county-level spear mediation center. The second is to standardize the service of the resident team. Huzhou Intermediate People’s Court took the lead in issuing the "Guidelines on the Standardization of the City’s Courts’ Participation in the Construction of County-level Contradictory Dispute Mediation and Resolution Centers" in the province, clarifying the requirements for the entry of grass-roots courts’ complaint service centers, that is, at least three teams, including civil and commercial case filing, mediation quick trial and administrative dispute mediation, were set up, and eight categories of personnel, including neutral assessors, procedural diverters and mediation instructors, were equipped to construct basic process specifications and realize the standardization of entry work. Third, the people’s courts are all in the same state. Give full play to the advantages of the court in deepening the grass roots and resolving conflicts on the spot, integrate the optimized layout of the court with the construction of the spear adjustment center, and implement the overall settlement of the court and the mechanism of the county and township spear adjustment centers. At present, two courts have been stationed in the county-level spear transfer center as a whole, two courts have been stationed in the township-level spear transfer center as a whole, and other courts have been stationed in 72 township-level spear transfer centers in a mechanistic way, achieving full-scale entry into two-level spear transfer centers.

　　2. Strengthen front-end prevention and control, and strive to promote non-litigation governance. The first is to carry out the project of connecting judges with villages. The village communities in each jurisdiction will be integrated according to factors such as regional location, industrial structure and dispute characteristics, and the system of judges joining villages will be fully implemented. The 278 judges of the courts in the city will sink forward, and 589 village communities in 180 areas will be docked to directly participate in the grassroots prevention and control of disputes. The second is to promote the construction of village communities without litigation and visits. Strengthen the linkage with the judicial, petition and other departments, jointly promote the construction of "villages (communities) without litigation and visits", and actively create typical models by means of judges’ joint village, so as to realize a virtuous circle of declining disputes, declining letters and visits and improving the comprehensive social governance capacity. The third is to promote the improvement of the grassroots governance assessment system. We will help the party committees and governments to include the litigation rate of thousands of people in towns and villages, the amount of contradictions and disputes resolved, and the construction of "no litigation and no visit to villages (communities)" in the safety assessment. The assessment results are directly linked to the evaluation and bonus of towns and villages, and the county-level spear adjustment center will undertake relevant assessment responsibilities and play a central role in social governance.

　　3. Pay attention to coordination and continue to strengthen non-litigation resolution. The first is to build a one-stop diversion model. The court’s resident team actively promoted the county-level Maodiao Center to build a one-stop platform integrating the functions of dispute acceptance, diversion and resolution, analysis and judgment, established the criteria for dispute identification and diversion, defined the organization and hierarchy of dispute resolution, and realized the accurate matching of disputes and dispute resolution resources. The second is to improve the package dispute resolution network. We will help all kinds of special mediation committees and other forces to settle in, and introduce characteristic platforms such as intellectual property judicial protection center and administrative dispute mediation center into the spear mediation center to realize the interconnection of dispute resolution resources and build a comprehensive and integrated dispute resolution network. In the past two years, 6,693 teams have settled in the county-level spear mediation center to participate in mediation and guidance. The third is to create an integrated closed loop to resolve disputes. Strengthen the connection between online and offline platforms, with the help of Zhejiang ODR online mediation platform led by the court, and connect dispute resolution resources in different regions and levels in series, and build an "O2O" dispute resolution model based on the Maodiao Center, that is, realize the closed loop of dispute resolution of "offline window acceptance, online registration circulation, offline collaborative resolution and online feedback of results". In the past two years, the Maodiao Center has solved more than 20,000 disputes through ODR diversion every year.

　　4. Improve the trial and execution mechanism, and effectively guarantee the end of litigation. The first is to optimize the judicial confirmation mechanism. We will expand the scope of confirmation by adding specially invited mediation subjects, lifting the restrictions on the amount and level of jurisdiction, and try out the judicial confirmation mechanism of administrative disputes and interest litigation strike agreements. For two consecutive years, the number of judicial confirmations increased by more than 15% year-on-year, of which 2,892 were confirmed through online judicial confirmation; The second is to improve the complicated and simplified diversion mechanism. Promote the center to establish a non-controversial fact recording system for pre-litigation mediation, and record the mediation situation in writing as a reference for quick adjudication and quick trial. We will try to judge the complexity of mediation cases, realize the connection between pre-litigation mediation and the identification of complexity and simplification of litigation, and try and resolve simple cases on the spot. In 2020, 10,417 civil and commercial cases were concluded on the spot by the fast-cutting team, accounting for 36.93% of the newly accepted civil and commercial cases. The third is to highlight the deterrent effect. We will introduce the court-resident segmented execution mechanism promoted by the city’s courts into the Maodiao Center, and use the resources of the center to improve the efficiency of checking people and finding things and ensure local execution. Actively build a "public prosecution as a supplement, private prosecution as the main" to combat the high-pressure situation of refusal. In 2020, the city accepted 323 cases involving refusal, ranking first in the province.

　　Second, the existing problems

　　1. Conceptual cognition needs to be deepened. In practice, there are still some different understandings and views on the implementation of the integration of the litigation service center into the county-level spear mediation center and the introduction of a large number of court resources. They think that the integration of the court’s work is separated, resulting in the poor connection of the court’s internal working mechanism, losing the court’s initiative in the construction of the litigation mediation docking mechanism, which is contrary to the original intention and purpose of one-stop multi-disciplinary dispute resolution and the construction of the litigation service system.

　　2. Shunt filtration needs to be improved. As the command center for resolving contradictions and disputes, Maodiao Center should establish a scientific and accurate mechanism for identifying contradictions and disputes, diverting them and filtering them layer by layer, so as to realize the resolution of disputes from the front end to the back end. Although the three-level hierarchical mechanism of village community, town street and district and county has been initially distinguished under the guidance of the court at this stage, there are still contradictions and disputes that are not unified in nature, dispute resolution resources are not fully included in the diversion category, and the docking mechanism between levels is not perfect.

　　3. Typed prevention needs to be strengthened. Although the contradictions and disputes entering the litigation have been declining with the strengthening of the source of litigation in recent years, the types of cases such as road traffic, property management, finance, marriage and family affairs still account for a high proportion in the litigation, mainly due to the lack of front-end prevention and control mechanism, insufficient mediation power, lack of professionalism, and insufficient coordination between individuals or organizations, resulting in poor prevention and control effects of typed disputes.

　　4. The sinking of trial execution needs to be strengthened. The purpose of moving forward and sinking the judicial enforcement force is to play the role of the judiciary in safeguarding the prevention and control of contradictions and disputes at a more advanced stage. Although the judicial power is promoted to extend to the grassroots by the way of the court entering the township spear mediation center and the judges joining the village, the key areas and ways of participating in prevention and control still need to be clarified, and the role of the carrier such as the judge’s studio still needs to be further played, and it should be more closely coordinated with the grid workers and village mediators.

　　5. The level of intelligence needs to be improved. The construction and operation of smart courts should not be limited to litigation, but should extend more application scenarios to the front-end prevention and control of contradictions and disputes, integrate with the intelligent platform of the Diaodiao Center, and push judicial services to the front with intelligent technology. In some courts, the judicial guarantee for the front-end prevention and control of contradictions and disputes and the docking with the grassroots dispute resolution forces still rely more on offline, and only partial limited collaborative integration can be achieved under the series connection of relevant platforms of the Diaodiao Center.

　　Third, countermeasures and suggestions

　　1. Constantly enhance the initiative of overall settlement. We should deeply understand the significance of the leadership of the Party Committee in deepening the governance mechanism of the source of complaint, and really mobilize all resources to fully realize the overall governance of the source of complaint. Under the leadership of the Party Committee, the construction of Maodiao Center, as the main starting point to promote the governance of litigation sources, is completely in line with the one-stop modern litigation service system in terms of value pursuit and goal orientation under the guidance of the concept of "running at most one place". Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the determination of judicial resources such as the litigation service center and the court to settle in, coordinate the overall work of the court, and constantly improve various working mechanisms based on the two-level Maodiao Center.

　　2. Continuously enhance the scientific nature of shunt filtration. Further establish the central position of diversion and filtration in county and township level Maodiao Center, and integrate all regional dispute resolution resources into the diversion category of Maodiao Center. Give full play to the professional advantages of the court, strengthen the construction of the comprehensive diversion window, and define the types of disputes with reference to the court’s rules of cause of action, so as to solve the problem of unclear rules of cross-departmental diversion caused by different subjects’ different definitions of disputes. On the basis of accurately classifying the types of disputes, the rules of diversion are refined, and disputes are filtered step by step from villages, towns, districts and counties to achieve a high degree of matching of resources and ensure clear rights and responsibilities and clear paths.

　　3. Continuously enhance the polymerization of the spear tuning center. To comprehensively promote the integration, allocation and coordination of dispute resolution resources in Maodiao Center, the court should play the role of "adhesive" and "serial device", strengthen the rational use of resident, rotating and on-call resident modes, and improve the docking mechanism between the court and various dispute resolution resources; In view of the high-incidence types of disputes, we should increase the traditional forces such as people’s mediation and industry mediation, improve the protection of people and property, pay attention to promoting the marketization level of lawyer mediation, notary mediation and other ways such as government purchasing services and clarifying market-oriented charging rules, improve the prevention and control mechanism of typed disputes, and realize the comprehensive aggregation of dispute resolution resources around the two-level spear center.

　　4. Continuously enhance the systematization of trial and execution. Adhering to the concept of "treating the disease at the back end and preventing the disease at the front end", we should further rely on entering the two-level spear mediation center, give full play to the function of the court’s tentacles, deepen the project of connecting judges with villages, strengthen various measures of connecting villages, such as publicity of the rule of law, joint visits, guidance of village rules and regulations, pay attention to the combination with the grid governance mechanism of village communities, cultivate leaders in the construction of village communities’ rule of law, and establish a three-member prevention and control system of "judges+mediators+grid workers"

　　5. Continuously enhance the intelligence of judicial guarantee. Enrich and move forward the functions of various intelligent platforms under the leadership of the court, take Zhejiang ODR platform, the only platform that can directly connect with the court’s trial and execution platform, as the online main platform for dispute resolution of the Diaodiao Center, realize the online series connection of all dispute resolution resources, promote the intelligent diversion of disputes, create a "dispute resolution code" module, and form a five-color code to record the dispute resolution information and identify the dispute resolution level with color changes. We will build an online judicial service platform that integrates the functions of rule of law propaganda, online litigation, evaluation, and blockchain deposit, and cooperate with the judge-village joint mechanism to achieve full coverage of all village smart terminals and effectively meet the judicial guarantee needs of grassroots dispute prevention and control.

　　(Member of the research group: wangyi Xiang Jiong Shen Jie Yun Zhu Wang Yuwen Guan Fusheng Shi Jiafang Meng Yin)

　　The "four stoves" may have to be shuffled again.

　　Sichuan is much hotter than Turpan. On July 6th, the highest temperature in Jianyang, Chengdu reached 40.3℃. In the real-time temperature at 14: 00 on July 7th, the temperature in Jianyang, Chengdu reached 39.7℃, ranking the top in the national high temperature list. Xi’ an is not to be outdone. According to the forecast of Xi’ an Meteorological Observatory, the highest temperature in Xi’ an will reach 42℃&hellip on August 8-9. …

　　In contrast, whether it is the traditional "four stoves" or the "new four stoves", Chongqing, an old stove city that has never fallen off the list, has the highest single-day temperature in the past week hovering between 32 C and 38 C, which makes people wonder whether Chongqing has quit the "stove group chat".

　　However, some netizens said that Chongqing has always been "hot late and hot for a long time" and may not focus on it until August.

　　It is not known who can rush to the end of this year’s "Four Fireplaces" card game.

　　Forecast chart of high temperature falling area on July 7 (Source: official website, China Meteorological Bureau)

　　Chongqing Quits "Fireplace Group Chat"?

　　On July 6, the topic of "Chongqing’s withdrawal from the four major stoves" triggered a heated discussion among netizens. Some netizens published an article saying, "Perhaps the four major stove cities in China were Chongqing, Wuhan, Nanchang and Nanjing, and Chongqing deserved the first place. But judging from the weather changes this year, Chongqing will be completely cool. The previous surface temperature in Xi’ an reached 70 C, and the surface temperatures in Zhengzhou, Jinan and Shijiazhuang were also around 66 C. I believe that Chongqing will become cooler and cooler in the future. "

　　The ink weather APP shows that the highest temperature in Xi’ an has exceeded 40 degrees Celsius for four consecutive days from 7 to 10.

　　According to the earlier data of Xi ‘an Meteorological Observatory, the highest temperature in Xi ‘an has been 40℃ for a week since July 3rd. At 9: 20 on July 7, the reporter received the news that the Xi ‘an Meteorological Observatory upgraded and released the high temperature red warning signal in Xi ‘an. The reporter inquired about the China Meteorological APP, and it was predicted that the highest temperatures in Xi ‘an in the next three days would be 40℃, 41℃ and 40℃ respectively. The highest temperature in Chongqing in the next three days will be 39℃.

　　Red Star News reported on July 7 that among the real-time temperatures of 2418 national meteorological observatories in China at 17: 00 on July 6, Sichuan successfully overheated Turpan, and the top three hottest places in China were in Sichuan, followed by Yibin Gaoxian, Leshan Mabian and Chengdu Jianyang at 40.3℃. Among them, at 18: 00 on July 6, the Meteorological Observatory of Leshan City, Sichuan Province issued a live report on high temperature weather. On that day, the highest temperature in Mabian County of Leshan City reached 40.7℃, which set a new record for the highest daily temperature in Leshan City since the meteorological record was recorded in 1951.

　　On July 7th, the helmet temperature of a takeaway brother in Xi ‘an reached 47.2℃. (Source: Huashang. com)

　　In response to a netizen’s statement that the surface temperature reached 71℃ before Xi ‘an, the extreme news reporter found that the surface temperature of Xi ‘an Jinghe Station reached an astonishing 74.1℃ at 14: 00 on June 17th at Xi ‘an Meteorological Observatory.

　　Xi’ an, Chengdu and other places continue. On the other hand, Chongqing, which is known as the furnace city, has a daily maximum temperature of 32℃ to 38℃ in the past week.

　　Many netizens said, are the "new four stoves" to be re-ranked?

　　The constantly shuffling "four stoves"

　　After consulting the information, Jimu journalists found that the official has not made a clear definition of the "four furnaces" cities, but the relevant departments have published 10 provincial capitals or municipalities directly under the central government with the highest summer heat in China.

　　According to Modern Express, the four big stove cities are folk sayings, and generally refer to Wuhan, Nanjing, Chongqing and Nanchang along the Yangtze River. This combination has also been compiled into geography textbooks.

　　In 2010, china weather tv’s official Weibo "China Meteorology" released a new list of stove cities. This list is based on the meteorological data of China from 1981 to 2010, and the evaluation standard is mainly high temperature days. The results show that the top ten cities with high temperature days are Fuzhou, Chongqing, Hangzhou, Haikou, Changsha, Nanchang, Wuhan, Nanning, Xi ‘an and Guangzhou. However, Wuhan, Nanjing and Nanchang withdrew from the traditional "Four Fireplaces" list, and Nanjing did not even enter the top ten.

　　In July, 2017, the National Climate Center of China Meteorological Bureau announced the hot summer cities in China to the public for the first time. This time, through the comprehensive analysis of meteorological data of capital cities and municipalities in China, the results show that the top 10 capital cities or municipalities in summer are: Chongqing, Fuzhou, Hangzhou, Nanchang, Changsha, Wuhan, Xi ‘an, Nanjing, Hefei and Nanning. This list considers more meteorological indexes, including heat index (an index that mainly considers the comprehensive influence of temperature and relative humidity on human comfort), high temperature days, continuous high temperature days, average maximum and minimum temperatures in summer, etc. Since then, Chongqing, Fuzhou, Hangzhou and Nanchang have been called "the new four stoves" by netizens.

　　How to define the furnace city? On July 7th, Xu Jianguo, the chief expert of Tongliao Meteorological Station, told Jimu journalist that there is no clear official definition of furnace city. Besides latitude and sunlight, there are also precipitation and surrounding terrain and environment that affect the temperature of a city. In addition, factors such as temperature, surface temperature and somatosensory temperature will become reference factors for people to judge the heat degree of a city. Therefore, the causes of high temperature and heat in a city need comprehensive analysis.

　　Jimu journalists inquired about the highest temperature in the next seven days and the days of high temperature and precipitation in the next 40 days in six cities: Wuhan, Changsha, Chongqing, Nanjing, Xi ‘an and Chengdu. Among them, the highest temperature in Wuhan in the next seven days is 37℃, and the number of high temperature days in the next 40 days is 11 days; The highest temperature in Changsha will be around 36℃ in the next seven days, and there will be 9 high temperature days in the next 40 days. The highest temperature in Chongqing in the next seven days is 39℃, and there will be 13 high temperature days in the next 40 days. The highest temperature in Nanjing in the next seven days is 38℃, and there will be 20 days of high temperature in the next 40 days. The highest temperature in Xi ‘an in the next seven days will be 41℃, and there will be 10 days of high temperature in the next 40 days. The highest temperature in Chengdu will be 37℃ in the next seven days, and there will be four days of high temperature in the next 40 days.

　　Judging from the highest temperature in the next seven days, Xi ‘an is undoubtedly the hottest provincial capital city, and judging from the number of high temperature days, Nanjing takes the lead with 20 days of high temperature days.

　　Some netizens said that Chongqing has always been hot late and hot for a long time. August is the starting point of Chongqing. Who is the stove in the end? It is estimated that we will wait until the end of August and the beginning of September to say this.

　　Why are Chengdu and Xi ‘an so hot?

　　According to the traditional calendar of China, the first day of this year is July 13th. Why have Chengdu and Xi ‘an started to experience continuous high temperatures recently?

　　Sichuan has the top three highest temperatures in the country (Source: screenshot)

　　"It is really rare, and it needs to be judged by the Sichuan Climate Center." Lv Xuedong, chief forecaster of Sichuan Meteorological Observatory, said in an interview with the media that the current data of Sichuan Climate Center show that this persistent high temperature is the widest and strongest this year. Up to now, 60 county stations in the province have experienced the highest temperature in the same period in history. On July 6, high temperature weather occurred in all 15 county stations in Chengdu, with 14 county stations being the highest in the same period in history and 3 county stations being the highest in history, with Jianyang reaching 40.4℃.

　　Why can Sichuan beat other cities this time and become the hottest in the country? Lv Xuedong believes that this all depends on the influence of the Qinghai-Tibet High. "From a national perspective, the continental high in our Sichuan Basin is the most obvious, and the main influence range of the Qinghai-Tibet High is in and around the Sichuan Basin."

　　As for the principle of high temperature, Lv Xuedong explained that, first of all, the downward flow is formed under the control of continental high pressure, and the atmosphere goes from high altitude to low altitude. The lower the air pressure at high altitude, the higher the air pressure at low altitude, and the air mass will be compressed from high altitude to low altitude, and the temperature will naturally rise. Secondly, under the control of high pressure, the weather is dominated by sunny partly cloudy, and the warming effect of solar radiation will be very obvious.

　　Xu Jianguo told Jimu news reporter that the high temperature in Chengdu has something to do with its location in the Sichuan Basin and low terrain in the middle.

　　According to the Huashang Daily, due to the strengthening of the mainland high pressure, it is expected that the province will be mainly sunny to cloudy in the next three days, with high temperature above 35 C in southern Shaanxi, most of Guanzhong and most of southern Shaanxi, including the highest temperature along the Yellow River in northern Shaanxi, southern Guanzhong and eastern Shaanxi. It can reach 38 to 40 C, and the local temperature is above 40 C.

　　Another researcher wrote that Xi ‘an is located in the Guanzhong Plain, which belongs to the warm temperate and semi-humid continental monsoon climate. The topographic conditions of Weihe Valley are coupled with the man-made heat release of urbanization, which makes the extreme high temperature intensity much higher than the surrounding areas. Quantifying the anthropogenic heat emissions of typical big cities in China, Xi ‘an belongs to the contribution area of strong heat island, second only to Shenzhen and Wuhan.

Some people say that the standard to measure a person’s driving skills is not how much the highest speed can be driven, but whether he can stop the car at a critical moment! It can be seen that the importance of automobile braking system.

Brake oil, brake pads and brake discs are the only things that need to be replaced frequently in the brake system of a car. Today, Lao Yang will talk about what brake oil is, how to replace it and how long to replace it.

1. What is brake oil?

As we all know, cars nowadays are all hydraulic braking systems. When we step on the brake pedal, we can increase the braking force through the booster pump. The brake master cylinder will pump the brake oil out of the oil pot, and the control valve will distribute the brake oil to the brake cylinders of each brake pipe. After that, the brake oil will push the pistons in the brake cylinders to make the brake pads and brake discs rub. This is the braking principle. If you still don’t understand, you can think about the working principle of the needle tube used for infusion when you were a child.

Second, why should I change the brake oil?

Above know the importance of brake oil, let’s talk about the characteristics of brake oil. Because brake oil works frequently, its stability is better, and it has to withstand the influence of high temperature, and its boiling point is relatively high, otherwise it will boil when it brakes violently, which will affect the braking distance.

The most important point is that brake oil is different from other oils. It has water absorption and may be mixed with water after a long time, which will have an impact.

You might say, why is there water?

Well, the volume of brake oil will change with the change of temperature, so there is a vent hole on the brake oil storage pot. The air sucked from this hole contains moisture or impurities, and the moisture will be absorbed or dissolved by the brake fluid. Once this happens, the braking distance will be extended, causing the brakes to become soft.

3. How long does it take to change the brake oil?

According to the requirements of the manual, the general brake oil requires 20-40 thousand kilometers to be replaced, and different models are different. According to the maintenance cycle of personal driving, it is recommended to change the brake oil every 30 thousand kilometers, and it is best to check it with the brake pads. After all, the brake system is very important.

Finally, the choice of brand, we must pay attention to the brake oil model when changing the brake oil. Generally, vehicle brake fluid is classified by DOT. According to the regulations of american petroleum institute, brake fluid is divided into DOT3, DOT4 and DOT5.1. Therefore, it is necessary to avoid the reaction caused by mixing brake oil.

Secondly, for brands, such as Shell, Mobil and Bosch, if you don’t understand, you can add universal brake oil in 4S shop.

That oil is also the oil that cars often need to change. What should we pay attention to and what is its classification? You can reply in the background of WeChat WeChat official account."engine oil"Two words to check.

Apple just released the iOS 7.0.4/6.1.5 update. Now, all the downloads of iOS 7.0.4 and iOS 6.1.5 system packages are ready for everyone.

This update has just been introduced, mainly for the correction of Facetime call failure, and it is also said that the in-app purchase mechanism has been improved at the same time.

If you don’t want to upgrade through OTA, or want to download it for other use, find a version that suits you and start downloading it. Well, don’t say that you just want to collect it to fill your 6TB new hard disk.

Apple iOS 7.0.4 system download address:

iPhone 4 (GSM) (iPhone3,1) ：http://appldnld.apple.com/iOS7/031-1831.20131114.P3wE4/iPhone3,1_7.0.4_11B554a_Restore.ipsw

iPhone 4 (GSM) (iPhone3,2)：http://appldnld.apple.com/iOS7/031-1748.20131114.P3wE4/iPhone3,2_7.0.4_11B554a_Restore.ipsw

iPhone 4 (CDMA) (iPhone3,3)：http://appldnld.apple.com/iOS7/031-1864.20131114.P3wE4/iPhone3,3_7.0.4_11B554a_Restore.ipsw

iPhone 5 (GSM) (iPhone5,1) ：http://appldnld.apple.com/iOS7/031-1700.20131114.P3wE4/iPhone5,1_7.0.4_11B554a_Restore.ipsw

iPhone 5 (CDMA) (iPhone5,2) ：http://appldnld.apple.com/iOS7/031-1790.20131114.P3wE4/iPhone5,2_7.0.4_11B554a_Restore.ipsw

iPhone 5C (iPhone5,3) ：http://appldnld.apple.com/iOS7/031-1828.20131114.P3wE4/iPhone5,3_7.0.4_11B554a_Restore.ipsw

iPhone 5C (iPhone5,4) ：http://appldnld.apple.com/iOS7/031-1869.20131114.P3wE4/iPhone5,4_7.0.4_11B554a_Restore.ipsw

iPhone 5S (iPhone6,1) ：http://appldnld.apple.com/iOS7/031-1855.20131114.P3wE4/iPhone6,1_7.0.4_11B554a_Restore.ipsw

iPhone 5S (iPhone6,2)：http://appldnld.apple.com/iOS7/031-1751.20131114.P3wE4/iPhone6,2_7.0.4_11B554a_Restore.ipsw

iPad Air (Wi-Fi)（iPad4,1）：http://appldnld.apple.com/iOS7/031-1783.20131114.P3wE4/iPad4,1_7.0.4_11B554a_Restore.ipsw

iPad Air (LTE)（iPad4,2）：http://appldnld.apple.com/iOS7/031-1824.20131114.P3wE4/iPad4,2_7.0.4_11B554a_Restore.ipsw

iPad 4 (Wi-Fi) (iPad3,4)：http://appldnld.apple.com/iOS7/031-1725.20131114.P3wE4/iPad3,4_7.0.4_11B554a_Restore.ipsw

iPad 4 (GSM) (iPad3,5)：http://appldnld.apple.com/iOS7/031-1807.20131114.P3wE4/iPad3,5_7.0.4_11B554a_Restore.ipsw

iPad 4 (CDMA) (iPad3,6) ：http://appldnld.apple.com/iOS7/031-1863.20131114.P3wE4/iPad3,6_7.0.4_11B554a_Restore.ipsw

iPad 3 (Wi-Fi) (iPad3,1) ：http://appldnld.apple.com/iOS7/031-1815.20131114.P3wE4/iPad3,1_7.0.4_11B554a_Restore.ipsw

iPad 3 (GSM) (iPad3,2) ：http://appldnld.apple.com/iOS7/031-1744.20131114.P3wE4/iPad3,2_7.0.4_11B554a_Restore.ipsw

iPad 3 (CDMA) (iPad3,3) ：http://appldnld.apple.com/iOS7/031-1823.20131114.P3wE4/iPad3,3_7.0.4_11B554a_Restore.ipsw

iPad 2 (Wi-Fi) (iPad2,1) ：http://appldnld.apple.com/iOS7/031-1724.20131114.P3wE4/iPad2,1_7.0.4_11B554a_Restore.ipsw

iPad 2 (GSM) (iPad2,2) ：http://appldnld.apple.com/iOS7/031-1767.20131114.P3wE4/iPad2,2_7.0.4_11B554a_Restore.ipsw

iPad 2 (CDMA) (iPad2,3) ：http://appldnld.apple.com/iOS7/031-1762.20131114.P3wE4/iPad2,3_7.0.4_11B554a_Restore.ipsw

iPad Mini (Wi-Fi) (iPad2,5)：http://appldnld.apple.com/iOS7/031-1732.20131114.P3wE4/iPad2,5_7.0.4_11B554a_Restore.ipsw

iPad Mini (GSM) (iPad2,6) ：http://appldnld.apple.com/iOS7/031-1761.20131114.P3wE4/iPad2,6_7.0.4_11B554a_Restore.ipsw

iPad Mini (CDMA) (iPad2,7) ：http://appldnld.apple.com/iOS7/031-1868.20131114.P3wE4/iPad2,7_7.0.4_11B554a_Restore.ipsw

iPad mini 2 (Wi-Fi)（iPad4,4）：http://appldnld.apple.com/iOS7/031-1772.20131114.P3wE4/iPad4,4_7.0.4_11B554a_Restore.ipsw

iPad mini 2 (LTE)（iPad4,5）：http://appldnld.apple.com/iOS7/031-1722.20131114.P3wE4/iPad4,5_7.0.4_11B554a_Restore.ipsw

Apple iOS 6.1.5 system download address:

iPod touch 4G (iPod 4,1) iOS 6.1.5：http://appldnld.apple.com/iOS6.1/091-3505.20131106.PosTg/iPod4,1_6.1.5_10B400_Restore.ipsw

IOS7 special entrance： http://www.ithome.com/zhuanti/ios7/

　　The bottom of the pressure box takes up too much space, so it is wasteful to throw it away directly. How to deal with old clothes is a problem that almost every family will face. The data shows that about 26 million tons of old clothes are thrown into the trash can every year in China.

　　The recycling of old clothes is necessary for people’s livelihood and environmental protection, and it also contains huge market space. According to the survey of China Circular Economy Association, the recycling rate of old clothes is less than 1%. Where is the difficulty in recycling old clothes and how to crack it? The reporter conducted an investigation into this.

　　Why is it difficult to recycle old clothes?

　　Compared with China’s annual textile fiber processing volume of over 50 million tons and the clothing market of over one trillion yuan, old clothes seem to be seldom mentioned. However, this piece of clothing hidden in the corner of the wardrobe reflects the embarrassing situation — —

　　According to the data of China Circular Economy Association, about 26 million tons of old clothes are thrown into the trash can every year in China. If these old clothes are incinerated, it will cause waste and pollution; Landfill will affect the soil.

　　It is imperative to recycle old clothes. Although many communities have recycling bins and many families have begun to try them, the recycling rate is less than 1%. Among them, there are very few textiles that can be recycled by generated regenerated fibers, and it is difficult to fundamentally realize recycling.

　　High cost is the main reason.

　　The first is the cost. Jiang Shicheng, an academician of China Academy of Engineering, said that there are usually four ways to recycle old clothes: mechanical, physical, chemical and thermal. It is ideal to reduce it to molecular level by chemical means and then regenerate the fiber. However, this method has high production cost and large-scale production is still limited.

　　The second is the concept. The reporter’s investigation found that many people tend to donate old clothes, and even recycling is mainly for public welfare, which is difficult to accept commercial use. Compared with the recycling process, fewer people accept recycled fiber products.

　　Sun Huaibin, vice president of China National Textile and Apparel Council, said that in some countries in Europe and America, recycled fiber products are more commonly used, and many brands including ZARA and GAP have corresponding product lines. Even if the price is slightly higher, it has many fans. In China, there is still a lack of understanding of recycled fiber products, and many people think that the textiles made from it are unclean and unsafe.

　　"Influenced by the concept, these international brands rarely launch recycled fiber series in domestic stores." An industry insider said.

　　The most important thing is the business model. "Every link needs the investment of commercial power. Compared with donations, the recycling of old clothes depends on a more complete system. " An old clothes recycling practitioner said that at present, the industrial chain is long, the link cost is high, it is difficult for enterprises to make profits and the market is difficult to open.

　　"In particular, the back-end business links are not in place, resulting in no export at the entrance and no industrial cycle." Sun Huaibin said, "Recycled paper has been accepted and popularized for decades. In contrast, the road to recycling old clothes is long."

　　100 billion market to be developed

　　On the one hand, it is an embarrassing situation, on the other hand, it is the trend of low-carbon environmental protection and a huge potential market. It is difficult to promote the recycling of old clothes, but it is full of innovation and attraction.

　　The corresponding attempt is beginning. One-click selection, door-to-door collection of clothes, on the idle fish of Alibaba’s idle trading platform, clothes have started a new journey after sorting, transportation, crushing, cotton opening and other links.

　　According to idle fish data, about 24 million old clothes have been recycled since the corresponding business was launched in March last year. In the last graduation season, about 380,000 pieces of clothes from nearly 400 colleges and universities were recycled through idle fish, which were transformed into automobile sound insulation cotton, greenhouse heat insulation cotton and recycled cloth.

　　Cao Cao’s trip and the old clothes environmental protection public welfare platform jointly launched the "old clothes recycling plan". Create a recycling transportation network by sharing trips and other means, and dynamically track the recycling process.

　　"The large-scale user base determines that the platform can do large-scale public welfare and commercial exploration." Zhu Xingxiang, president of China Circular Economy Association, believes that information technology can improve the efficiency of resource utilization, solve management problems such as whole-process traceability, and explore modes such as sharing and co-creation, so that more people can participate. "internet plus" provides a new idea for promoting the utilization of social idle resources.

　　From making clothes to recycling clothes, some textile and garment enterprises are also taking advantage of the industrial chain to promote the recycling of old clothes.

　　"Waste underwear consists of 17 parts. Hooks, loops and rims belong to recyclable garbage, while shoulder straps and straps belong to dry garbage … …” Underwear brand Aimu launched a recycling and environmental protection campaign in official website Mall, popularized the classification of waste clothing waste, and launched a nationwide underwear recycling campaign through recycling coupons and other means, in conjunction with logistics, decomposition and other manufacturers.

　　Degradation treatment, fabric development, printing and dyeing textiles, logistics storage … … Around the industrial chain, a series of technological and model innovations are also being carried out.

　　"The recycling of waste textiles is not only an environmental protection project, but also a new economy and new kinetic energy, which will give birth to a billion-dollar industry." Jiang Shicheng said.

　　Strengthen management and eliminate "blind spots"

　　Old clothes recycling is a good thing for people’s livelihood and a frontier industry. To promote it healthily and continuously, we still need to improve policies, encourage innovation and standardize management.

　　First of all, it is necessary to clarify who will collect and how to collect the corresponding subjects and standards. The reporter’s investigation found that at present, the recycling of used clothes has just started. Except for some big brands and platforms, most of them are entrepreneurial enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises. The division of labor, cooperation and coordination in the industrial chain still needs to be standardized and clear.

　　For example, many communities have set up recycling bins, but how to manage them and how to track them is still unclear.

　　"Whether the recycling bin can be put, where it can be put, who will take care of it after it is put, and who to look for if there is a problem, all need to be further clarified." Xu Yan, a resident of Chaoyang District, Beijing, hopes to clarify the regulatory authorities and management standards as soon as possible, set qualifications and thresholds, and achieve true recycling to prevent some unscrupulous traders from reselling for profit.

　　Secondly, it is necessary to manage and support industrial development and better encourage innovation.

　　At present, the main way to recycle old clothes is to use recycled fibers for the second time. However, the corresponding industrial preferential policies for renewable resources have not yet covered the field of waste textiles. Although some enterprises have made breakthroughs in research and development, they lack production enthusiasm due to high cost and low market recognition of finished products.

　　Experts suggest that relevant standards should be formulated as soon as possible to ensure the orderly recycling of old clothes; Give preferential policies in finance and taxation, and encourage enterprises and platforms to innovate; Encourage scientific research on recycling; Strengthen internal and external supervision and eliminate industry chaos.

　　In addition, many people suggest establishing a "clear account" for the recycling of used clothes, so as to make it well documented, eliminate the doubts of the masses, and promote the concept of low-carbon life and scientific environmental protection in the whole society.

　　(According to Xinhua News Agency)

The transnational magical horror masterpiece "Ask the spirits to curse", which is scheduled to be released on October 23rd, released a poster of "exorcism". Bai Ni, the school beauty, was crucified with a huge pencil, and her blood flowed. Bai Ni, who is still alive, stared at the front with bitterness, and her gradually pale limbs indicated that she was about to become a zombie. This poster is completely American style, and the whole atmosphere is full of themes of violence, blood and atonement, which also implies the complicated trend of the story.

Exorcism poster to create "American horror" film, the first public "atonement" motif

After releasing a series of posters of oriental horror elements, the "Ask the Fairy Magic" jointly created by the teams of China, the United States, Japan and South Korea today released an "exorcism" version poster showing the aesthetic style of western horror. In western tradition, people who are haunted by evil spirits ask priests to exorcise evil spirits, and this theme has also given birth to a series of well-known horror movies. This time, the main teams of "Ask the Fairy", "Woman Gao tales of mystery" and other classic films are assembled to create this magical horror masterpiece. Naturally, it is necessary to learn from others and blend the classic horror elements of the East and the West together. Bai Ni, the school flower who was crucified by ask the spirits, makes people shine at the moment and has infinite associations. Being crucified is a classic image of "crucified Jesus" in western culture, symbolizing "atonement". This is the first time that this motif has been revealed in the film "The Curse to Ask the Fairy". According to all the materials exposed before, it can be speculated that Bai Ni has done unclean things in school, and the passionate drama has been staged again and again, which seems to have disobeyed the seven deadly sins in Christianity. For Song Duoduo, she always showed her senior sister’s concern for her junior, which seemed to be a kind move. However, she was crucified. Is there any other inside story and meaning behind this? Who is the exorcist? Who is Bai Ni staring at? Why was she chosen by ask the spirits to be crucified? What crime does she want to atone for? This poster once again digs out the tip of the iceberg of the story, but it attracts more brain-burning speculation.

"ask the spirits to curse" was favored by Hollywood and released simultaneously in North America.

From the beginning of financing, the international project "Ask the Fairy" won the favor of many Wall Street financial predators. After several rounds of fierce competition, it was finally won by Hollywood K Fund and gained 51% of the investment control rights of the film. In order to create a new benchmark for horror films with the theme of Oriental Magic Campus, this film combines the production teams of four countries: China, the United States, Japan and South Korea, aiming to break through the audience’s conventional cognition of low-cost horror films in China in the past and redefine Chinese horror films from the film technology. In order to ensure the quality of the film, American producer Daniel Moore insisted on spending 20 million yuan to build a scene. The art department rented the largest studio in Asia and built an abandoned experimental building of a medical college at a ratio of 1:1, just for shooting in ten minutes, which is rare in Chinese horror films. In view of the fact that director David Kuan’s earlier series not only achieved excellent box office performance, but also achieved 340 million hits on the whole network, according to the observation of network big data, its main audience is the post-90s generation, while the total population of China post-90s generation is only 170 million! With such a huge coverage, the industry generally thinks highly of the film’s expectations. It is believed that the 2.0 upgraded version of the magic horror film "Ask the Fairy" will continue to write and improve the past performance myth, and create a brand-new super IP carrier in the field of horror films. It is reported that the second IP of this series of "Ask the Fairy" will be finished in late October, and the film revealed that the series will release 12 American films, all of which will be handed over to the famous D&G in North continuous shooting.

First, the role of exercise in health preservation

Chinese medicine calls essence, qi and spirit "three treasures", which are closely related to human life. Exercise and health preservation firmly grasp these three links, and adjust consciousness to nourish the mind; Lead qi with intention, adjust breathing to practice qi, promote blood circulation with qi, and flow around the whole body; Through the movement of the body, bones and joints, the meridians of the whole body are unblocked and the whole body is nourished. If so, the body has both form and spirit, the pulse is smooth, the inside and outside are in harmony, and the viscera are in harmony, so that the body can reach the state of "yin and yang are secret", thus improving the health of the body and maintaining vigorous vitality.

Modern scientific research has proved that regular and moderate exercise has the following benefits to the body:

1. It can promote blood circulation, improve the nutritional status of the brain, promote the metabolism of brain cells, and give full play to the functions of the brain, thus benefiting the health of the nervous system and helping to maintain exuberant emotion and stable mood.

2, make the myocardium developed, contract strongly, promote blood circulation, enhance the vitality of the heart and the respiratory function of the lungs, and improve the peripheral circulation.

3, increase the strength of diaphragm and abdominal muscles, promote gastrointestinal peristalsis, prevent food from staying in the digestive tract, and facilitate digestion and absorption.

4. It can promote and improve the blood circulation of internal organs, which is beneficial to the physiological functions of organs.

5, can improve the immune function and endocrine function of the body, thus making the vitality of the human body more vigorous.

6, enhance the vitality of muscle joints, make people move flexibly and lightly, and react quickly and quickly.

Second, the characteristics of exercise health

The characteristics of traditional exercise regimen can be summarized as follows:

(A) to guide the fitness exercise with the theory of traditional Chinese medicine

No matter what kind of traditional body posture, it is based on the theories of Yin and Yang, viscera, qi and blood, meridians and other aspects of traditional Chinese medicine, with nourishing essence, practicing qi and regulating the mind as the basic points of exercise, taking dynamic form as the basic form of exercise, and using Yin and Yang theory to guide the virtual, real, dynamic and static movements; Use the opening and closing lifting to guide the flexion, extension and pitching of the movement; Explain the coordination and unity of form, spirit, qi, blood, exterior and interior in exercise and fitness with the overall concept. Therefore, every move of fitness exercise is closely related to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine.

(2) Pay attention to the harmony and unity of intentional defense, pranayama and verb-form.

Emphasize the coordination of mind, breathing and body movement, that is, the so-called unity of intention, pranayama and movement. Intention refers to concentration; Pranayama refers to respiratory regulation; Dynamic form refers to the movement of the body, and unity refers to the harmonious cooperation among the three. It is necessary to achieve the consistency of form and spirit, the harmony between form and qi, and the harmony between form and qi, so that the movement and quietness are appropriate, so as to play the role of health and fitness.

(3) integrating guidance, qigong, martial arts and medical science.

The traditional exercise regimen is the crystallization of the wisdom of the working people in China. For thousands of years, people have summed up a lot of valuable experience in health care practice, which has continuously enriched and developed sports health care and formed a health care method with Chinese characteristics that integrates guidance, qigong, martial arts and medicine. The techniques derived from guiding Qigong include: Wuqinxi, Baduanjin, etc. Martial arts achievements such as Tai Ji Chuan and Taiji Sword. No matter what kind of exercises, they all emphasize pranayama, intentional defense and dynamic shape, and all aim at unblocking qi and blood meridians, activating bones and muscles, and regulating viscera. Integrating the strengths of various families is a major feature of exercise health preservation.

Third, the principle of exercise regimen

The reason why the traditional exercise regimen in China can keep fit, cure diseases and prolong life is because it has a set of systematic theories, principles and methods, which pay attention to and emphasize the coordination and unity inside and outside the body, harmony and moderation. There are three principles:

(A) to master the essentials of exercise regimen

The practice essentials of traditional sports health preservation are the unity of intentional defense, pranayama and dynamic shape. Among these three aspects, the most important thing is to be intentional. Only by focusing on the spirit can we calm down, breathe evenly and guide the circulation of qi and blood. The relationship between the three is: to lead the gas with meaning, and to be aerodynamic.

(B) Emphasis on moderation, not excessive.

Exercise health is to achieve the purpose of fitness through exercise, so we should pay attention to mastering the amount of exercise. If the amount of exercise is too small, it will not achieve the purpose of exercise and will not play a role in fitness; If it is too big, it will exceed the tolerance limit of the body, but it will damage the body due to overwork. Sun Simiao pointed out in "A Thousand Daughters’ Prescription": "The way to cultivate one’s nature is always to work hard, but it’s hard to be exhausted and strong." Therefore, exercise and fitness emphasize the right amount of exercise, step by step, and don’t rush for success.

(C) advocate perseverance, perseverance

Exercise is not a one-off event, it should be frequent and uninterrupted. On the one hand, the phrase "flowing water does not rot, and the hinge does not moth" explains the truth that "moving does not decay", on the other hand, it also emphasizes the importance of frequent and uninterrupted flow, so that the water can not rot and the hinge can not be moth-eaten. Only by perseverance and perseverance can we get the fitness effect. Exercise is not only physical exercise, but also the exercise of will and perseverance.

The traditional exercise regimen has the same form and many kinds, including one stroke and one type of exercise method, and also a combination of competitive exercise methods; There are fitness methods to form folk customs; There are also self-contained fitness methods. There are two forms of exercise regimen:

First, various forms of folk fitness law

Most of these fitness methods are scattered among the people, with simple methods, simple equipment and interesting activities. Such as: less exercise, easy and gentle walking, outing, swinging, flying kites, kicking shuttlecock, health balls, etc.; Skipping rope, climbing, horse racing, archery, lifting stone locks and so on with moderate exercise.

China is a multi-ethnic country, and each ethnic group has its own customs and traditions. Among them, mass activities aimed at sports and fitness are fitness methods with national characteristics. Such as tug-of-war, dragon boat race, wrestling, horse racing, seesaw, stilt walking, dragon lantern dancing, roller boating and various dances, etc., belong to this category.

Second, the systematic fitness method with its own routines

This kind of exercise and fitness method is often based on the folk fitness method. Under the guidance of a certain theory, it has a purpose, specific requirements and needs to be learned and trained to master. Because it has a series of continuous movements, it can make all parts of the human body get a more comprehensive and systematic exercise, which is a higher level of fitness exercise in the traditional exercise regimen. The genre of sports health preservation mainly refers to the self-contained fitness method.

Most of these fitness exercises originated from Taoism and Buddhism, and have been enriched and developed from generation to generation, thus forming various schools. Briefly as follows:

(A) Taoist bodybuilding

The theory of Taoist body-building originated from Laozi and Zhuangzi, and advocated to nourish qi in order to improve life ability, put forward "guidance" and "shape cultivation", and emphasized the viewpoint of practicing qi to preserve health. Representative Taoist body-building exercises, such as Hua Tuo’s "Five Birds Play", Mawangdui’s "Guide Map" Fetal Breathing Sutra, Baduanjin and Tai Ji Chuan, all belong to this category.

(B) Buddhist fitness

Buddhist body-building originated from meditation. In order to ensure the smooth progress of "meditation", it is necessary to take some measures to exercise bones and muscles and dredge blood vessels. As a result, the Buddhist body-building techniques have gradually formed, which are representative of Dharma Yijinjing, Tianzhu massage, Mind Boxing, Luohan Eighteen Hands, Shaolin Boxing, Zen Secret Skill and so on.

There are two main cradles of China Wushu. One is Zhongyue Songshan, which is the excavation site of Zen Buddhism and Shaolin Wushu. One is Wudang Mountain in Hubei, the birthplace of Taoism and wu-tang clan Wushu. Therefore, in terms of religion, there is a difference between Taoism and Buddhism, and in terms of martial arts, there is a difference between Shaolin and Wudang. Although Wushu is a technique of attack and self-defense, its excellent achievement is aimed at fitness. To learn Wushu, the first thing is to strengthen the body, so no matter what kind of martial arts and schools, we should focus on fitness.

Baduanjin qigong/eight-section brocade

Baduanjin is a fitness technique composed of eight different movements, hence its name "Baduanjin". Because this kind of fitness exercise can strengthen the body and prolong life, and get rid of diseases, its effect is very good, just like showing people a colorful brocade, so it is called "brocade".

Baduanjin is a popular fitness technique in China, which has a history of more than 800 years according to relevant documents. As early as the Southern Song Dynasty, there was a monograph on Ba Duan Jin. Pan Xia in the Qing Dynasty adapted the Eight-section Brocade into "Twelve-section Brocade" in his Health Requirements. In addition, there are different forms such as "Wen Ba Duan" (sitting) and "Wu Ba Duan" (vertical). In order to facilitate the spread, some people have compiled it into songs. Because Baduanjin is not limited by the environment, it can be done at any time and place, its operation is simple and easy to remember and learn, its exercise is moderate, it is suitable for all ages, and its effect of strengthening body and prolonging life is remarkable, so it has been passed down to this day.

First, the mechanism of health preservation

Baduanjin is a kind of ancient guiding method, which is a fitness method combining physical activity with breathing exercise. Moving limbs can stretch bones and muscles and dredge meridians; Combined with breathing, it is feasible to invigorate the circulation of qi and blood, protect the health and mediate the qi movement. Regular practice of Baduanjin can play a role in health care, disease prevention and treatment.

The health-preserving effect of Baduanjin on human body can be seen from its melody. For example, "two hands holding the triple energizer" means that the action of holding the sky with both hands is beneficial to conditioning the triple energizer function. Holding the sky with both hands, stretching the whole body, accompanied by deep breathing, one is helpful for the movement of the triple energizer, and the other is helpful for massaging and regulating the internal organs, which has the effects of dredging meridians, regulating qi and blood, and nourishing the internal organs. At the same time, it also has a good effect on the back and bones. Others, such as "regulating the spleen and stomach, raising your hand" and "shaking your head and wagging your tail to get rid of heart fire", all achieve the purpose of health preservation by promoting qi and blood and relaxing muscles and bones. Each section of Baduanjin has the key points of exercise. Taken together, it exercises the five senses, head and neck, trunk, limbs, waist, abdomen and other parts of the whole body, and plays a role in health care and conditioning the corresponding internal organs, qi and blood, meridians and collaterals. It is a comprehensive body-building exercise method for the body.

Second, the practice essentials

(1) Breathe evenly: breathe naturally, smoothly and abdomen.

(2) Abide by the abdomen: relax and focus on the navel.

(3) Combination of softness and rigidity: the whole body is relaxed, and the force is gentle, and the stiff force must not be used.

Baduanjin is a fitness method that includes eight coherent sections, and the specific contents are as follows:

Hands hold the triple energizer;

Opening the bow left and right is like shooting an eagle;

Regulating the spleen and stomach requires a single lift;

Look back after five pains and seven injuries;

Shake your head and wag your tail to get rid of your heart;

Climb your feet with both hands to strengthen your kidney and waist;

Save your fist and glare to increase your strength;

Behind it, everything goes wrong.

(Jiao Zhihong, deputy chief physician of Beijing Fengtai Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, authorized to publish on this website)

    Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, March 5th, by topic:Building a dream with one heart and rallying the strength to forge ahead —— Scanning the first "representative channel" of the Second Session of the 14th National People’s Congress

    Xinhua News Agency reporters Wu Yu, Huang Yao and Feng Jiashun

    Carrying a lot of expectations, we will go to the grand event of spring together.

    At 8 o’clock in the morning on the 5th, the first "representative channel" of the Second Session of the 14th National People’s Congress opened on the north side of the Central Hall of the Great Hall of the People.

    This year marks the 75th anniversary of the founding of People’s Republic of China (PRC), which is a crucial year to realize the objectives and tasks of the 14th Five-Year Plan. Six NPC deputies faced Chinese and foreign journalists, shared stories about chasing dreams, talked about their aspirations in performing their duties and conveyed their confidence.

    Yin Tongyue, Chairman of Chery Holding Group, was the first to walk on the channel and share his experience of China’s automobile industry from weak to strong.

    Yin Tongyue recalled that when Chery started its business, it lacked funds, technology and talents, and the automobile market in China was basically monopolized by foreign capital or joint venture brands. After years of hard work and innovation, China has become the world’s largest automobile exporter.

    In 2023, China’s automobile production and sales exceeded 30 million vehicles, with an export of about 5 million vehicles, of which Chery exported nearly 1 million vehicles.

    Yin Tongyue said that China Automobile will continue to increase investment in R&D and brand building, adding luster to "Made in China", "Created in China" and "China Brand".

    As a "light chaser", Gao Jifan, the chairman of Trina Solar Co., Ltd., witnessed the development and growth of another industry, the photovoltaic industry.

    "I have no regrets about the choice at that time." Behind Gao Jifan’s firm words, China’s photovoltaic industry has developed from "three heads outside" in technology, market and equipment to leading the world in market scale, technical level, manufacturing and industrial chain perfection.

    This technology entrepreneur deeply realized that the road to technological innovation has to go through many hardships. Only by firmly grasping innovation and not relaxing can we reap the joy of "the other mountains all appear dwarfs under the sky.".

    Facing multiple challenges in the future, Gao Jifan has a clear attitude: unswervingly carry out independent innovation and strive to be a pathfinder for the high-quality development of photovoltaic industry in China.

    Also persistent in pursuing dreams is the representative of He Yuling from Anyang Workstation, Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.

    Yin Ruins are the hometown of Oracle Bone Inscriptions and the birthplace of Chinese characters. "The Chinese characters represented by Oracle Bone Inscriptions are the common blood of our Chinese sons and daughters, and they are also an important support for the formation and development of our Chinese nation." He Yuling said proudly.

    He Yuling, who has worked in archaeology for more than 20 years, believes that archaeologists solve the mystery of the ancients like detectives. In the passage, he vividly told the story that he and his colleagues excavated the "Yachang" Niu Zun, which is the only bull-shaped bronze container found in Yin Ruins so far. They also set up expert teams in different fields such as human bones, animals, plants, metallurgy and cultural protection. After years of hard work, they uncovered the mystery that was unknown more than 3,000 years ago.

    He Yuling gave an invitation to the new archaeological discoveries of Yin Ruins in recent years: the new Yin Ruins Museum has been completed and opened, with an exhibition area of 22,000 square meters showing nearly 4,000 pieces of cultural relics. Welcome to visit.

    Chinese cultural treasures have drawn generations of cultural relics workers to seek up and down and make unremitting progress.

    The representative of Hangkan, president of Yungang Research Institute, who has been paying attention to the weathering problem of grottoes, described a special "operation" when entering Cave 39-when climbing to the top floor, the staff would take off their helmets and crouch on the scaffolding for fear of touching the top of the weathered pastry layer by layer.

    "The party and the state attach great importance to the protection of Yungang Grottoes." Hang Kan said that after decades of hard work, the reinforcement of dangerous rock mass has come to an end, and the protection task now has not been alleviated. It is necessary to increase investment in science and technology. They will continue to exert their efforts in the protection, research, exhibition and utilization of Yungang Grottoes, do a good job in the intergenerational inheritance of cultural heritage, and let more people feel the charm of traditional culture.

    The example illuminates the initial heart and strives to achieve the dream.

    As a fighter pilot, representative Gao Zhongqiang, deputy chief of staff of a brigade of the Air Force Aviation, shared his feelings about flying J -20 fighters with his comrades and escorting the remains of Chinese people’s Volunteer Army martyrs back to China.

    "The ancestors fought for the peace of the mountains and rivers and the peace of the country. Today’s happiness is hard-won. This has deepened my reverence and grief for my ancestors and inspired us to dare to fight bayonets in the air at any time. " Gao Zhongqiang said that young officers and men in the new era are capable, responsible, passionate and motivated, and always integrate their youth and dreams into the cause of strengthening the army in the new era.

    As the second year of NPC deputies performing their duties according to law, Liu Chuanjian, chief pilot of China Civil Aviation Flight Academy, brought two suggestions: speeding up the training of civil aviation talents and improving the operation rules of drones. He said that flight safety is no small matter, and any detail is related to life.

    Liu Chuanjian said: "The four bars on the captain’s shoulder represent professionalism, knowledge, technology and responsibility respectively. It reminds me at any time and place that what I hold in my hand is not just the steering column, but the vivid life; Facing not only cold machines and equipment, but countless happy families. "

    The heartfelt wishes of the delegates and the stories of persistent struggle have condensed the powerful force of hard work and inspired people to stride forward on the new journey of promoting Chinese modernization.