In 2008, under the strong leadership of the provincial party committee and the provincial government, the province thoroughly implemented the major decision-making arrangements of Scientific Outlook on Development and the central government, persisted in promoting the strategy of "one country, three bases", focused on innovative development ideas, seized development opportunities, and maintained steady and rapid economic growth, winning "economic growth, structural optimization, improvement of people’s livelihood and social harmony".

　　　　I. Synthesis　

　　　 The economic aggregate has leapt to a new level. In 2008, the GDP of the whole province exceeded one trillion yuan, reaching 1,115.664 billion yuan, an increase of 12.8% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 200.74 billion yuan, an increase of 5.3%; The added value of the secondary industry was 493.308 billion yuan, an increase of 14.9%; The added value of the tertiary industry was 421.616 billion yuan, an increase of 13.3%. According to the resident population, the per capita GDP was 17,521 yuan, an increase of 12.5%. The total fiscal revenue was 130.855 billion yuan, up by 16.5%. Among them, the local fiscal revenue was 71.702 billion yuan, an increase of 18.2%.

　　　 The leading role of new industrialization has been enhanced. The proportion of the three industries in the province is 18.0: 44.2: 37.8, of which the proportion of the first and second industries is 0.3 and 1.6 percentage points higher than that of the previous year respectively. The total industrial added value accounts for 38.4% of the regional GDP and contributes 47.1% to the province’s economic growth. The industrial added value of provincial parks and above was 118.014 billion yuan, an increase of 22.0%; It accounted for 33.0% of the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size, an increase of 1.5 percentage points over the previous year. The added value of high-tech industries accounts for 9.8% of the regional GDP. Save energy and reduce consumption to achieve the annual target. The growth rate of high energy-consuming industries declined, and the six high energy-consuming industries, such as electricity and nonferrous metals, realized an added value of 142.646 billion yuan, an increase of 10.8%, and the growth rate dropped by 11 percentage points over the previous year; The proportion of industrial added value above designated size was 39.9%, down 1.8 percentage points from the previous year. The supporting role of producer services increased, achieving an added value of 162.549 billion yuan, an increase of 14.5%, which boosted the province’s economic growth by 2 percentage points and contributed 17.8% to economic growth.

　　　 The contribution of the non-public sector of the economy has increased. The added value of the province’s non-public economy reached 625.227 billion yuan, accounting for 56.0% of the regional GDP, up 1.5 percentage points over the previous year. The added value of non-public-owned industries above designated size reached 196.544 billion yuan, an increase of 25.9%, accounting for 55.0% of the added value of industries above designated size. The investment in non-state-owned economy was 366.429 billion yuan, an increase of 33.2%; The proportion of fixed assets investment in the whole society reached 64.9%, an increase of 0.8 percentage points over the previous year. The total import and export volume of private enterprises was US$ 5.241 billion, US$ 110 million more than that of state-owned enterprises; It increased by 45.5%, 23.2 percentage points higher than the growth rate of state-owned enterprises. The total import and export volume and growth rate of private enterprises exceeded that of state-owned enterprises for the first time.

　　　 The regional economy has developed in an all-round way. The GDP of Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan was 456.531 billion yuan, accounting for 40.9% of the total GDP of the whole province, up by 3.2 percentage points over the previous year; It increased by 14.5%, and the growth rate was 1.7 percentage points higher than the provincial average. The investment in fixed assets above cities and towns and the total retail sales of social consumer goods in Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan accounted for 46.4% and 42.8% of the province respectively. The GDP of the "3+5" region was 876.051 billion yuan, an increase of 13.7%, and the growth rate was 0.9 percentage points higher than the provincial average. The GDP of western Hunan was 120.372 billion yuan, an increase of 11.6%. The GDP of southern Hunan was 232.683 billion yuan, an increase of 10.7%. The urbanization rate of the whole province was 42.15%, 1.7 percentage points higher than the previous year. Among them, the urbanization rate in Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan is 55.04%, which is 12.89 percentage points higher than the provincial average.

　　　 Social and people’s livelihood has been further improved. The province has comprehensively completed the objectives and tasks for 29 practical things run by the people. The work of employment and re-employment was intensified, with 760,600 new urban jobs, 4,910 urban zero-employment families being dynamically cleared, and 155,300 rural poor families being assisted to transfer jobs. Social undertakings have been further strengthened. Students’ tuition and miscellaneous fees in urban compulsory education are all exempted. The new rural cooperative medical system covers all counties and cities in the province, with 45,014,600 participants, with an average participation rate of 89.0%; The construction of 409 township hospitals was completed, and 272 township nursing homes were newly rebuilt and expanded; The pilot project of basic medical insurance for urban residents was launched in an all-round way, and the number of participants in the province was 6,396,400. 26,100 rural housing construction projects were all completed; 4,407,000 square meters of urban low-rent housing and 2,209,200 square meters of affordable housing were newly built (raised). Cancel 64 administrative charge and industrial and commercial "two fees" and cancel 215 administrative examination and approval items; Actively promote the pilot project approval agency system for investment projects, accelerate the construction of e-government, and further optimize the government environment. Comprehensive management of public security has been strengthened, the overall social situation has been stable, and the people have lived and worked in peace and contentment.

　　　 The main problems in the province’s economic and social development are as follows: the adverse effects of the international financial crisis spread from the coast to the mainland, and the pressure of economic development increased; The mechanism of agricultural disaster prevention and avoidance is still not perfect, and it is difficult for farmers to increase their income continuously; The employment situation in urban and rural areas is more severe.

　　　 Second, agriculture　

　　　 Agricultural production has developed in an all-round way. The added value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery in the province was 200.74 billion yuan, up by 5.3% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of agriculture was 103.832 billion yuan, an increase of 2.0%; The added value of forestry was 12.867 billion yuan, an increase of 5.8%; The added value of animal husbandry was 67.832 billion yuan, an increase of 10.5%; The added value of fishery was 11.285 billion yuan, up by 6.8%. The total grain output reached a record high of 29,693,500 tons, an increase of 2.0%.

　　　 The pace of agricultural industrialization has accelerated. 220 national and provincial leading enterprises completed sales revenue of 83 billion yuan, an increase of 22.1%; The profit was 3.5 billion yuan, an increase of 14.8%. 50 new agricultural standardization demonstration zones were built.

　　　 Agricultural production capacity has been enhanced. The province’s rural fixed assets investment was 65.435 billion yuan, an increase of 20.0%. The fiscal expenditure on agriculture, forestry and water affairs was 19.74 billion yuan, an increase of 42.0%. Soil erosion control covers an area of 278.9 square kilometers. The effective irrigation area of new farmland is 5.68 thousand hectares, and the water-saving irrigation area is 8.06 thousand hectares. Rural electricity consumption was 8.146 billion kWh, up 6.7%. At the end of the year, the total power of agricultural machinery was 40.211 million kilowatts, an increase of 9.1%.

　　　 New achievements have been made in the construction of new countryside. The province has newly built 4047 kilometers of highways from county to township, and 23977 kilometers of cement (asphalt) roads from township to village. 158,700 new rural biogas digesters have been built, which has promoted the development of ecological agriculture. 5028 rural water supply projects were built, which solved the drinking water difficulties and unsafe drinking water problems of 1,691,700 people. Solved the problem of 1.1514 million people watching TV in rural TV blind areas. 1,000 new telephone villages have been added; 500 new rural comprehensive information service demonstration sites will be built, and 3,000 administrative villages will realize Internet broadband access. Completed the construction of 3316 village-level organization activity places. There are 12.08 million migrant workers in rural areas (including towns and villages) in the province, an increase of 10.0%; The total income of foreign workers was 95 billion yuan, an increase of 5.7%.

　　　　III. Industry and Construction Industry　

　　　 The industrial economy maintained rapid growth. The total industrial added value of the province was 428.016 billion yuan, an increase of 16.0% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size was 357.085 billion yuan, an increase of 18.4%. Among the industries above designated size, the added value of light industry was 114.454 billion yuan, an increase of 21.5%; The added value of heavy industry was 242.631 billion yuan, up by 17.0%. The advantageous industries grew steadily, achieving an added value of 273.044 billion yuan, an increase of 19.0%, driving the added value of industries above designated size in the province to increase by 14.4 percentage points. Among them, the equipment manufacturing industry grew by 31.1%, the biomedical industry by 32.4%, the electronic information industry by 26.8% and the food processing industry by 23.3%. High-processing industries continued to develop rapidly, with an increase of 28.9%, and the growth rate was 10.5 percentage points higher than the provincial average. The output value of new industrial products above designated size in the province was 121.26 billion yuan, an increase of 44.5%. The sales rate of industrial enterprises above designated size reached 98.75%.

Table 1: Main categories of added value of industrial enterprises above designated size in Hunan Province in 2008　

Unit: 100 million yuan　

Table 2: Output of major industrial products above designated size in Hunan Province in 2008　

Table 3: Benefit of Industrial Enterprises above designated size in Hunan Province in 2008　

　　　 New steps have been taken in the development of the construction industry. The total output value of the province’s construction industry exceeded the 200 billion mark, reaching 228.7 billion yuan, an increase of 25.0%; The added value of the construction industry was 65.292 billion yuan, accounting for 5.9% of the province’s GDP. General contracting and professional contracting construction enterprises with qualification grade realized a profit of 6.11 billion yuan, an increase of 12.0%. The building construction area was 212,027,400 square meters, an increase of 12.8%; The completed building area was 83,092,100 square meters, an increase of 1.3%.

　　　 IV. Investment in fixed assets　

　　　 Investment growth is strong. The province’s total investment in fixed assets was 564.997 billion yuan, an increase of 31.6% over the previous year. Among them, the investment in fixed assets above cities and towns was 499.562 billion yuan, an increase of 33.2%. In terms of regions, the investment in fixed assets above cities and towns in the "3+5" urban agglomeration was 348.391 billion yuan, up 31.6%, of which the investment in fixed assets above cities and towns in Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan was 232.022 billion yuan, up 29.6%. The investment in fixed assets above cities and towns in southern Hunan was 68.928 billion yuan, an increase of 36.7%; The investment in fixed assets above cities and towns in western Hunan was 51.112 billion yuan, an increase of 34.4%.

The investment structure continued to improve. Industrial investment continued to grow rapidly. The investment in fixed assets of industrial enterprises above cities and towns in the province was 199.462 billion yuan, an increase of 38.7%, accounting for 39.9% of the investment in fixed assets above cities and towns. Among them, the investment in industrial technological transformation was 138.243 billion yuan, an increase of 37.1%; Investment in raw materials industry was 61.024 billion yuan, up by 20.8%; The equipment manufacturing industry invested 43.772 billion yuan, up 49.5%. Investment in high-tech industries was 11.28 billion yuan, up by 44.0%. Investment in energy-intensive industries was 86.199 billion yuan, up by 28.8%, and the growth rate dropped by 11.2 percentage points over the previous year. Investment in energy conservation and environmental protection was 1.802 billion yuan, an increase of 29.5%.

　　　 Infrastructure and key projects were further strengthened. The investment in urban infrastructure and basic industries in the province was 168.683 billion yuan, an increase of 34.9%. The province implemented 172 key projects, with an investment of 90.29 billion yuan, accounting for 112.9% of the annual plan. 1683 projects with an investment of over 100 million yuan. The newly-increased installed power capacity is 2.31 million kilowatts. Construction of 18 expressways from Yueyang to Xiangtan and Hengyang to Linwu on the Beijing-Zhuhai double track was started, and Changji Expressway was completed and opened to traffic. Changsha, the provincial capital, was connected with all other 13 cities and states, with a mileage of 2,001 kilometers. Six new railway projects, including the reconstruction of Xiang-Gui double track, started. The reconstruction and expansion of Changsha and Zhangjiajie airports progressed smoothly. The first-phase project of Chenglingji Port Area (Songyang Lake) in Yueyang, the shipping construction project from Changde to Nianyukou and the bridge unobstructed project in Dongting Lake area were accelerated. A number of key projects, such as Yueyang’s 10-million-ton refining and chemical integration and Xiangtan Iron and Steel’s 5-meter wide and thick plate, started construction. Taohuajiang nuclear power station approved the preliminary construction.

　　　 The growth rate of real estate development slowed down. The province’s investment in real estate development was 89.641 billion yuan, an increase of 18.8%, and the growth rate dropped by 16.9 percentage points over the previous year. The completed area of commercial housing was 20,411,700 square meters, down by 0.7%. The sales area of commercial housing was 23.7531 million square meters, down by 13.1%. Among them, the sales area of commercial housing auction was 15,831,800 square meters, down by 13.0%. The vacant area of commercial housing was 3,105,700 square meters, an increase of 68.8%.

　　　 V. Domestic trade and prices　

　　　 The retail market of consumer goods is active. The total retail sales of social consumer goods in the province was 411.966 billion yuan, an increase of 22.7% over the previous year, and the growth rate was 4.3 percentage points faster than that of the previous year. The commodity sales of wholesale and retail trading enterprises reached 741.362 billion yuan, up by 16.1%. Among them, the commodity sales of wholesale enterprises was 369.482 billion yuan, an increase of 11.2%; The merchandise sales of retail enterprises reached 371.88 billion yuan, up by 21.4%. The commodity sales of wholesale and retail enterprises above designated size was 213.808 billion yuan, up by 24.1%, and the growth rate was 8.4 percentage points higher than that of the previous year. Among them, the retail sales reached 91.097 billion yuan, an increase of 29.4%; It accounted for 26.2% of the retail sales of wholesale and retail trade, up 1.3 percentage points over the previous year. Among the retail sales of wholesale and retail enterprises above designated size, gold, silver and jewelry increased by 37.5%, cosmetics by 34.1%, furniture by 46.3%, communication equipment by 44.7% and automobiles by 23.1%. From the retail volume of goods, the retail volume of LCD TVs was 116,000 units, an increase of 76.6%; The retail sales of microcomputers reached 225,400 units, an increase of 22.0%; The retail sales of cars reached 96,800, an increase of 16.8%.

Table 4: Total retail sales and classification of social consumer goods in Hunan Province in 2008　

Unit: 100 million yuan　

　　　 The price increase has been well controlled. The overall level of consumer prices in the province rose by 6.0% over the previous year, and the monthly increase dropped from 8.1% in February to 2.9% in December. Among them, cities rose by 5.8% and rural areas rose by 7.4%. The retail price of commodities rose by 5.6%, and the monthly increase dropped from 7.0% in February to 2.5% in December. The price of agricultural means of production rose by 26.5%, and the monthly increase dropped from 35.6% in April to 15.3% in December. The ex-factory price of industrial products rose by 9.3%, and the monthly increase changed from 14.4% in July to 0.9% in December. The purchase price of raw materials, fuel and power increased by 12.0%, of which, it decreased by 0.4% in December; The investment price of fixed assets rose by 9.9%, and the quarterly increase dropped from 12.1% in the first quarter to 3.0% in the fourth quarter. The production price of agricultural products rose by 26.7%, and the quarterly increase dropped from 40.4% in the first quarter to 2.6% in the fourth quarter.

Table 5: Price Increase in Hunan Province in 2008　

　　　 VI. Foreign Economic Relations, Trade and Tourism　

　　　 New breakthroughs have been made in foreign trade. The province’s total import and export volume exceeded $10 billion, reaching $12.566 billion, an increase of 29.7% over the previous year. Among them, exports reached 8.41 billion US dollars, up by 29.1%; Imports reached US$ 4.156 billion, up by 31.1%. The import and export of general trade was US$ 11.237 billion, up by 28.4%; The import and export of processing trade reached US$ 1.137 billion, up by 39.8%. The export of mechanical and electrical products was US$ 2.536 billion, up by 50.0%; It accounted for 30.2% of total exports, up 4 percentage points from the previous year. The export of high-tech products was US$ 280 million, up by 29.1%. The export of agricultural products was US$ 422 million, up by 20.5%.

Table 6: Main categories of imports and exports in Hunan Province in 2008　

Unit: USD 100 million　

Table 7: Import and Export of Hunan Province to Major Countries and Regions in 2008　

Unit: USD 100 million　

　　　 The scale of attracting investment has expanded. The actual utilization of foreign direct investment in the province was 4.005 billion US dollars, an increase of 22.5%. Among them, there were 111 projects with more than 10 million dollars, an increase of 48.0%; The actual utilization of foreign direct investment was $2.009 billion, an increase of 39.3%, accounting for 50.2% of the actual utilization of foreign direct investment in the province. The actual utilization of foreign direct investment in industry was 2.863 billion US dollars, an increase of 54.5%. Forty-three of the world’s top 500 enterprises have settled in Hunan. The province actually introduced 123.017 billion yuan of domestic and foreign funds, an increase of 16.9%. Among them, the capital introduced by industry was 74.193 billion yuan, up by 24.1%. The province has actually introduced 547 projects with domestic and foreign funds of more than 50 million yuan, and 180 projects with funds of more than 100 million yuan.

　　　 The pace of foreign economic cooperation has accelerated. The newly signed contracts for foreign contracted projects, labor service cooperation and design consultation in the province amounted to 2.475 billion US dollars, an increase of 40.3%; Realized a turnover of $1.055 billion, an increase of 12.3%; There were 25,300 overseas laborers, an increase of 36.6%. 61 overseas investment enterprises were newly approved, with a contractual investment of 479 million US dollars, an increase of 56.5%.

　　　 Tourism has developed steadily. The province’s total tourism revenue reached 85.175 billion yuan, an increase of 16.3%. Received 127.19 million domestic tourists, an increase of 18%; Domestic tourism revenue was 80.884 billion yuan, an increase of 18.7%. Received 1.11 million inbound tourists, down 7.9%; Tourism foreign exchange income was 617 million US dollars, down 3.8%. At the end of the year, there were 126 tourist areas (spots) in the province, including 38 tourist areas (spots) with 4A level and above.

　　　 VII. Transportation, Posts and Telecommunications　

　　　 Traffic and transportation grew steadily. The turnover of goods in the whole province was 208.275 billion tons kilometers, an increase of 4.9% over the previous year. Among them, the railway cargo turnover was 103.429 billion tons kilometers, and the road cargo turnover was 77.370 billion tons kilometers. Passenger turnover was 129.275 billion person-kilometers, an increase of 5.4%. Among them, the railway passenger turnover was 67.095 billion person-kilometers, the road passenger turnover was 57.297 billion person-kilometers, and the civil aviation passenger turnover was 4.773 billion person-kilometers.

Table 8: Main Indicators of Transportation Industry in Hunan Province in 2008　

　　　 The post and telecommunications industry has developed rapidly. The total post and telecommunications business in the province was 75.214 billion yuan, an increase of 21.4%. Among them, the total postal service was 3.410 billion yuan, and the total telecommunication service was 71.804 billion yuan. At the end of the year, the total capacity of local exchanges was 48.141 million, an increase of 29.6%. At the end of the year, there were 12,573,200 fixed-line telephone users, down by 4.8%; There were 22,606,400 mobile phone users, an increase of 19.5%. The fixed telephone penetration rate was 18.37 households per 100 people, a decrease of 1.03 households per 100 people; The mobile phone penetration rate was 33.03 households per 100 people, with an increase of 5.23 households per 100 people. By the end of the year, there were 2,222,700 Internet broadband users, an increase of 4.2%.

　　　 VIII. Finance, Securities and Insurance　

　　　 Financial support for the economy has increased significantly. At the end of the year, the balance of RMB loans of financial institutions in the province was 698.942 billion yuan, an increase of 127.247 billion yuan over the beginning of the year and an increase of 43.876 billion yuan over the same period of last year. Among short-term loans, the balance of industrial loans was 60.409 billion yuan, an increase of 10.216 billion yuan; The balance of agricultural loans was 64.958 billion yuan, an increase of 10.046 billion yuan. Among the medium and long-term loans, the balance of capital construction loans was 194.424 billion yuan, an increase of 33.245 billion yuan; The balance of personal consumption loans was 52.264 billion yuan, an increase of 10.837 billion yuan.

　　　 The balance of deposits in financial institutions exceeded one trillion yuan. At the end of the year, the balance of RMB deposits in financial institutions in the province was 1,089.549 billion yuan, an increase of 181.227 billion yuan over the beginning of the year and 45.910 billion yuan over the previous year. Among them, corporate deposits increased by 31.451 billion yuan, a decrease of 18.816 billion yuan; Savings deposits of urban and rural residents increased by 122.772 billion yuan, an increase of 66.747 billion yuan.

Table 9: Balance Sheet of Local and Foreign Currency Credit of Financial Institutions in Hunan Province in 2008　

Unit: 100 million yuan　

　　　 New achievements have been made in securities market financing. At the end of the year, there were 54 listed companies in the province. Among them, there are 49 domestic listed companies, an increase of one over the previous year; There are 5 overseas listed companies, unchanged from the previous year. In the whole year, direct financing from the capital market was 27.175 billion yuan, an increase of 48.8%. The province’s enterprise securities market raised 6.759 billion yuan. Among them, the initial listing financing of enterprises was 1.22 billion yuan, the refinancing of listed companies was 5.366 billion yuan, and the financing from overseas securities markets was 173 million yuan. At the end of the year, there were 44 service departments and 94 business departments of securities companies in the province, with a securities transaction volume of 1,242.959 billion yuan, a decrease of 1,032.163 billion yuan over the previous year; There are 4 futures companies with a turnover of 1,278.222 billion yuan, an increase of 752.429 billion yuan over the previous year.

　　　 The insurance business grew rapidly. The province’s original insurance premium income was 31.249 billion yuan, an increase of 55.2%, and the growth rate was 19 percentage points faster than that of the previous year. Among them, property insurance premium income was 6.162 billion yuan, an increase of 28.9%; Life insurance premium income was 22.906 billion yuan, an increase of 68.8%; Health insurance premium income was 1.489 billion yuan, an increase of 40.3%; Accident insurance premium income was 691 million yuan, down 3.2%. All kinds of compensation and payment expenses were 9.452 billion yuan, up by 35.7%, of which 1.324 billion yuan was paid for fighting the extraordinarily severe freezing disaster at the beginning of the year.

　　　 IX. Education, Science and Technology　

　　　 Education has been developing continuously. The province’s free compulsory education covers urban and rural areas, and the level of rural education funds is improved. The province completed the construction of 730 qualified schools in the compulsory education stage. There are 1,059,500 children in kindergartens, an increase of 13.0% over the previous year. The enrollment rate of primary school-age children is 99.77%, and the enrollment rate of junior high school-age population is 99.54%. There are 100 colleges and universities, an increase of 1 over the previous year. 5533 private schools of various types, an increase of 15.9%; There were 1,441,500 students in school, an increase of 7.9%. There are 13 private colleges and universities with 85,900 students. There are 15 private independent colleges with 94,800 students.

Table 10: Number of students, enrollment and graduates in schools at all levels in Hunan Province in 2008　

　　　 The ability of scientific and technological innovation has been improved. The province undertakes 84 national "863" plan projects and 31 high-tech industrialization demonstration projects. There are 8 national engineering (technical) research centers; There are 6 State Key Laboratories, including 2 new ones. There are 16 enterprise technology centers recognized by the state. 990 scientific and technological achievements were obtained, of which 19 were awarded the National Award for Scientific and Technological Progress and 2 were awarded the National Award for Technological Invention. Five achievements, such as the regulation of nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism in livestock and poultry and the research and application of key technologies for safe feed preparation, won the second prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award, and the project of sulfide ore bioleaching based on the analysis of microbial gene function and community structure won the second prize of the National Technology Invention Award. 5,514 technical contracts were signed, with a turnover of 4.782 billion yuan, an increase of 3.8%. The added value of high-tech industries in the province was 109.884 billion yuan, an increase of 30.7%.

　　　 The development of intellectual property rights was accelerated. The number of patent applications in the province was 14,016, and the number of patents granted was 6,133, increasing by 24.8% and 7.8% respectively. Among them, there were 5335 applications for invention patents and 6098 applications for posts, accounting for 38.1% and 43.5% of the total applications in the province respectively. Applications from enterprises, universities and research institutes increased by 53.5%, 36.4% and 49.7% respectively. The cumulative number of patent applications and authorizations in the province ranks tenth in the country. Changsha and Xiangtan were approved as the first batch of national demonstration cities for intellectual property work, Xiangtan was approved as the national pilot base for patent technology (motor) industrialization, and Xiangtan Intellectual Property Office was awarded the first batch of national pilot units for intellectual property pledge financing. The province participated in the second China Patent Week and signed 37 intellectual property projects, with a contracted amount of 339 million yuan. Won 2 gold medals, 8 silver medals and 8 bronze medals in the 6th International Invention Exhibition.

　　　 Comprehensive technical services are gradually standardized. At the end of the year, there were 1189 product testing laboratories in the province. Among them, there are 6 national testing centers and 1 new one. There are 229 legal metrological verification institutions and 96 special equipment inspection institutions. Completed 39,000 batches of regular food quality supervision and spot checks, and completed 41,500 batches of regular industrial product quality supervision and spot checks. Among them, the qualified rate of regular spot checks of industrial products was 91.7%, an increase of 3.63 percentage points over the previous year. The province’s surveying and mapping departments have published 123 kinds of maps and 33 kinds of surveying and mapping books. Providing 10,159 topographic maps of various scales, 2,737 geodetic achievements and 445 aerial photographs for economic and social development. At the end of the year, there were 7 weather radar observation points in the province. Technical services such as earthquake and hydrology have been further developed.

　　　 X. Culture, Health and Sports　

　　　 The cultural industry has developed steadily. There are 4,686 books, 85 newspapers and 237 periodicals published in the province. Periodicals published 93 million copies and books published 362 million copies. The sales revenue of the news publishing industry was 16.8 billion yuan, and the total profit was 1.7 billion yuan, up by 1.0% and 1.5% respectively. The annual output of original animation is 26,500 minutes, ranking first in the country for four consecutive years. The launching ceremony of the third national original animation contest for mobile phones was held. The mobile animation "Tuowei Information" was successfully listed and became the first animation in China.

　　　 Cultural undertakings have flourished. By the end of the year, there were 93 performing arts groups, 140 cultural centers, 120 public libraries and 69 museums and memorial halls in the province. Fourteen museums and memorial halls, including the Provincial Museum, are open free of charge. A total of 537,800 rural public welfare films were screened. Huagu Opera "Into the Sunshine" was shortlisted for the excellent repertoire of the national stage art boutique project, acrobatic "unicycle" won the gold medal in the seventh national acrobatic competition, and Peking Opera "Ziying" won the second prize of modern drama in the fifth China Peking Opera Art Festival. There are 11 radio stations and 15 TV stations. There were 5,439,300 cable TV users, an increase of 338,100; At the end of the year, the comprehensive population coverage rate of radio and television was 91.1% and 95.7%, respectively, up by 2.1 and 1.0 percentage points over the previous year.

　　　 Health services were further strengthened. There are 4,325 health institutions in the province, an increase of 24 over the previous year. Among them, there are 3,180 hospitals and health centers, 139 maternal and child health centers (institutes and stations) and 87 specialized disease prevention and treatment hospitals (institutes and stations). 409 township hospitals were built or rebuilt. Hospitals and health centers have a total of 171,000 beds, an increase of 5.6%. There were 217,900 health technicians, an increase of 7.5%. Among them, there were 87,000 medical practitioners and assistant medical practitioners, an increase of 5.7%; There were 64,200 registered nurses, an increase of 3.4%. The development of community health services was accelerated. The municipal districts have achieved full coverage of community health service centers with street offices as units.

　　　 Sports are developing vigorously. The athletes of the whole province won three gold medals in Beijing Olympic Games, two gold medals, one silver medal and one bronze medal in Beijing Paralympic Games, and also won five world champions, four Asian champions and 39 national champions. There are 21302 sports venues in the province. Among them, there are 142 gymnasiums, 656 sports grounds and 20,352 training rooms. New farmers’ physical fitness projects were built in 882 administrative villages.

　　　 XI. Resources, Environment and Safety in Production　

　　　 Development land security and cultivated land protection have been given consideration. The province has approved 21,600 hectares of construction land, occupied 5,966.67 hectares of cultivated land and supplemented 6,540 hectares of cultivated land, achieving a balance of occupation and compensation for nine consecutive years. We disposed of 513 cases of 257 hectares of land restructured by state-owned enterprises, and transferred 8262 cases of 4870 hectares of state-owned land use rights. The demand for land for key projects such as infrastructure, people’s livelihood projects, park construction and undertaking industrial transfer is basically guaranteed. A total of five counties have become national demonstration areas for basic farmland protection; Basic farmland is stable at 3.36 million hectares.

　　　 The exploration of mineral resources and the prevention and control of geological disasters have been further developed. 120 kinds of minerals have been discovered, and 83 kinds of minerals with proven resource reserves have been discovered. 625 geological exploration projects (including continuation projects) and 16 prospecting projects in resource crisis mines have been implemented, and a number of new prospecting results have been achieved. 69 geological disasters were successfully avoided, 1,665 casualties were avoided, and 32.01 million yuan of property losses were avoided. The number of casualties due to disasters was the lowest in the past decade. 86 mines have implemented geological environment restoration and treatment projects.

　　　 Environmental quality has been gradually improved. The province closed 583 small and medium-sized papermaking enterprises, shut down 126 small thermal power units with 848,000 kilowatts, and eliminated 6 million tons of backward cement production capacity. A three-year action plan for comprehensive water pollution control in Xiangjiang River Basin was launched, and 1377 remediation projects were included. The municipal sewage treatment rate was 52.0%, and the harmless treatment rate of municipal domestic garbage was 59.5%, which were 5.7 and 6.8 percentage points higher than the previous year, respectively. There are 10 cities whose air quality has reached the second-class standard, an increase of 3 over the previous year; The section proportion of surface water meeting Class III standard was 86.5%, up by 4.2 percentage points over the previous year. Among them, the proportion of sections where the water quality of Xiangjiang River Basin meets the Class III standard is 87.5%, which is 5 percentage points higher than the previous year. The water quality of Dongting Lake has further improved, and all the 10 sections are of Grade II and III water quality. The average concentration of sulfur dioxide in the province decreased by 4 percentage points. 36 national ecological demonstration zones have been approved. The afforestation area is 64,000 hectares. 5 million mu of forest land was damaged by replanting and ice disaster, and 715 thousand mu of farmland was returned to forest. The forest coverage rate in the province is 55.86%.

　　　 New achievements have been made in energy conservation and consumption reduction. In 2008, the province’s energy consumption reduction rate per unit GDP achieved the annual target; Energy consumption per unit scale industrial added value was 1.98 tons of standard coal/10,000 yuan, down by 11.8%; The power consumption per unit GDP was 975.49 kWh/10,000 yuan, down 9.9%. The comprehensive energy consumption of 28 enterprises listed in the national "thousand energy-saving enterprises" decreased by 1.3%, which was 5.7 percentage points lower than the growth rate of comprehensive energy consumption of large-scale industries; It accounted for 38.0% of the comprehensive energy consumption of large-scale industries, down 2 percentage points from the previous year. The comprehensive energy consumption of "100 energy-saving enterprises" in the province (excluding the national "1,000 energy-saving enterprises") increased by 5.0%, 0.6 percentage points higher than the growth rate of comprehensive energy consumption of large-scale industries; It accounts for 18.6% of the comprehensive energy consumption of large-scale industries.

　　　 The situation of safe production is basically stable. There were 12,307 production safety accidents in the province, with 3,897 deaths, 780 fewer than the previous year. The number of deaths from production safety accidents of 100 million yuan GDP was 0.35, down by 31.4%; There were 100,000 employees in industrial, mining and commercial enterprises, and 3.57 people died in production accidents, down by 15.0%. There were 5.05 deaths per million tons in coal mines, down by 19.5%. There were 7637 road traffic accidents and 2555 deaths, which decreased by 23.0% and 16.4% respectively. The number of road traffic deaths per 10,000 vehicles was 5.83, down by 25.2%.

　　　 XII. Population, People’s Life and Social Security　

　　　 Population and family planning work progressed steadily. At the end of the year, the total population of the province was 68.452 million, an increase of 395,000 or 5.8‰ over the previous year. Among them, the urban population is 28.8525 million, and the rural population is 39.5995 million. There are 6,202,600 elderly people aged 65 and above, accounting for 9.1% of the total population of the province, an increase of 0.08 percentage points over the previous year. The birth rate was 12.68‰, an increase of 0.72 thousandths over the previous year; The mortality rate was 7.28‰, an increase of 0.57 thousandths; The natural population growth rate is 5.40‰. The province’s permanent population is 63.8 million. At the end of the year, there were 39.1 million employees in the province, an increase of 265,900 over the previous year. There are 104,100 family planning support objects in rural areas of the province, and there are 18,000 family support objects for the disabled and dead only child.

　　　 Residents’ income grew rapidly. The per capita disposable income of urban residents in the province was 13,821.20 yuan, an increase of 12.4%; After deducting the price factor, the real increase was 6.3%. Among them, the per capita wage income was 8418 yuan, an increase of 5.6%; The net operating income was 1575.10 yuan, an increase of 61.5%; Transfer income was 3,511 yuan, an increase of 18.8%; Property income was 316.50 yuan, down 18.5%. The per capita net income of rural residents was 4,512.50 yuan, an increase of 15.6%; After deducting the price factor, the real increase was 8.0%. Among them, wage income was 1,990.50 yuan, an increase of 16.3%; Family business income was 2,196.60 yuan, an increase of 11.9%; Transfer and property income was 325.30 yuan, an increase of 42.7%.

　　　 People’s living standards are constantly improving. The per capita consumption expenditure of urban residents in the province was 9945.50 yuan, an increase of 10.6%. Among them, the expenditure on household equipment and services, clothing and food increased by 11.9%, 7.2% and 22.4% respectively. The per capita living consumption expenditure of rural residents was 3,805 yuan, an increase of 427.62 yuan or 12.7% over the previous year. Among them, food, clothing and housing increased by 16.3%, 4.5% and 23.9% respectively. The Engel coefficient of urban residents in the province is 39.9%, and that of rural residents is 51.2%. The per capita living area of urban residents is 29.30 square meters, an increase of 3.2%; The per capita housing area of rural residents was 40.70 square meters, an increase of 1.4%.

　　　 New progress has been made in social security work. 1.85 million retirees from enterprises in the province participated in the basic old-age insurance, an increase of 2.6%; The number of employees participating in unemployment insurance was 3.901 million, an increase of 0.3%; The number of employees participating in medical insurance was 6,819,500, an increase of 9.9%; The number of employees receiving unemployment insurance benefits was 190,000, an increase of 9.9%. The number of urban residents in the province received the government’s minimum living guarantee of 1.39 million, and a total of 2.168 billion yuan was distributed to urban residents. 1.42 million people with medical difficulties in urban and rural areas were rescued. Emergency transfer and resettlement of 2.95 million people affected by the disaster, helping the victims of house collapse rebuild 253,000 houses.

　　　 Note:

　　　 1. The data in this bulletin are preliminary statistics, in which the energy consumption data are preliminary audited by the National Bureau of Statistics.

　　　 2. The absolute figures of the GDP and the added value of various industries in Hunan Province are calculated at current prices, and the growth rate is calculated at comparable prices.

　　　 3. The permanent population refers to the population whose household registration is in the local area and has lived there for more than half a year, the population who lives in the local area and whose household registration is not in the local area but has left the household registration for more than half a year, and the population who lives in the local area and whose household registration is to be determined. The calculation formula is: resident population = registered population-population whose household registration is local but has left the household registration place for more than half a year+population who lives locally but has left the household registration place for more than half a year+population who lives locally and has an undetermined household registration place. The number of permanent residents in 2008 used in this bulletin is inferred from this year’s population sampling survey.

　　　 In 2008, under the strong leadership of the provincial party committee and the provincial government, the province thoroughly implemented the major decision-making arrangements of Scientific Outlook on Development and the central government, persisted in promoting the strategy of "one country, three bases", focused on innovative development ideas, seized development opportunities, and maintained steady and rapid economic growth, winning "economic growth, structural optimization, improvement of people’s livelihood and social harmony".

　　　　I. Synthesis　

　　　 The economic aggregate has leapt to a new level. In 2008, the GDP of the whole province exceeded one trillion yuan, reaching 1,115.664 billion yuan, an increase of 12.8% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 200.74 billion yuan, an increase of 5.3%; The added value of the secondary industry was 493.308 billion yuan, an increase of 14.9%; The added value of the tertiary industry was 421.616 billion yuan, an increase of 13.3%. According to the resident population, the per capita GDP was 17,521 yuan, an increase of 12.5%. The total fiscal revenue was 130.855 billion yuan, up by 16.5%. Among them, the local fiscal revenue was 71.702 billion yuan, an increase of 18.2%.

　　　 The leading role of new industrialization has been enhanced. The proportion of the three industries in the province is 18.0: 44.2: 37.8, of which the proportion of the first and second industries is 0.3 and 1.6 percentage points higher than that of the previous year respectively. The total industrial added value accounts for 38.4% of the regional GDP and contributes 47.1% to the province’s economic growth. The industrial added value of provincial parks and above was 118.014 billion yuan, an increase of 22.0%; It accounted for 33.0% of the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size, an increase of 1.5 percentage points over the previous year. The added value of high-tech industries accounts for 9.8% of the regional GDP. Save energy and reduce consumption to achieve the annual target. The growth rate of high energy-consuming industries declined, and the six high energy-consuming industries, such as electricity and nonferrous metals, realized an added value of 142.646 billion yuan, an increase of 10.8%, and the growth rate dropped by 11 percentage points over the previous year; The proportion of industrial added value above designated size was 39.9%, down 1.8 percentage points from the previous year. The supporting role of producer services increased, achieving an added value of 162.549 billion yuan, an increase of 14.5%, which boosted the province’s economic growth by 2 percentage points and contributed 17.8% to economic growth.

　　　 The contribution of the non-public sector of the economy has increased. The added value of the province’s non-public economy reached 625.227 billion yuan, accounting for 56.0% of the regional GDP, up 1.5 percentage points over the previous year. The added value of non-public-owned industries above designated size reached 196.544 billion yuan, an increase of 25.9%, accounting for 55.0% of the added value of industries above designated size. The investment in non-state-owned economy was 366.429 billion yuan, an increase of 33.2%; The proportion of fixed assets investment in the whole society reached 64.9%, an increase of 0.8 percentage points over the previous year. The total import and export volume of private enterprises was US$ 5.241 billion, US$ 110 million more than that of state-owned enterprises; It increased by 45.5%, 23.2 percentage points higher than the growth rate of state-owned enterprises. The total import and export volume and growth rate of private enterprises exceeded that of state-owned enterprises for the first time.

　　　 The regional economy has developed in an all-round way. The GDP of Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan was 456.531 billion yuan, accounting for 40.9% of the total GDP of the whole province, up by 3.2 percentage points over the previous year; It increased by 14.5%, and the growth rate was 1.7 percentage points higher than the provincial average. The investment in fixed assets above cities and towns and the total retail sales of social consumer goods in Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan accounted for 46.4% and 42.8% of the province respectively. The GDP of the "3+5" region was 876.051 billion yuan, an increase of 13.7%, and the growth rate was 0.9 percentage points higher than the provincial average. The GDP of western Hunan was 120.372 billion yuan, an increase of 11.6%. The GDP of southern Hunan was 232.683 billion yuan, an increase of 10.7%. The urbanization rate of the whole province was 42.15%, 1.7 percentage points higher than the previous year. Among them, the urbanization rate in Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan is 55.04%, which is 12.89 percentage points higher than the provincial average.

　　　 Social and people’s livelihood has been further improved. The province has comprehensively completed the objectives and tasks for 29 practical things run by the people. The work of employment and re-employment was intensified, with 760,600 new urban jobs, 4,910 urban zero-employment families being dynamically cleared, and 155,300 rural poor families being assisted to transfer jobs. Social undertakings have been further strengthened. Students’ tuition and miscellaneous fees in urban compulsory education are all exempted. The new rural cooperative medical system covers all counties and cities in the province, with 45,014,600 participants, with an average participation rate of 89.0%; The construction of 409 township hospitals was completed, and 272 township nursing homes were newly rebuilt and expanded; The pilot project of basic medical insurance for urban residents was launched in an all-round way, and the number of participants in the province was 6,396,400. 26,100 rural housing construction projects were all completed; 4,407,000 square meters of urban low-rent housing and 2,209,200 square meters of affordable housing were newly built (raised). Cancel 64 administrative charge and industrial and commercial "two fees" and cancel 215 administrative examination and approval items; Actively promote the pilot project approval agency system for investment projects, accelerate the construction of e-government, and further optimize the government environment. Comprehensive management of public security has been strengthened, the overall social situation has been stable, and the people have lived and worked in peace and contentment.

　　　 The main problems in the province’s economic and social development are as follows: the adverse effects of the international financial crisis spread from the coast to the mainland, and the pressure of economic development increased; The mechanism of agricultural disaster prevention and avoidance is still not perfect, and it is difficult for farmers to increase their income continuously; The employment situation in urban and rural areas is more severe.

　　　 Second, agriculture　

　　　 Agricultural production has developed in an all-round way. The added value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery in the province was 200.74 billion yuan, up by 5.3% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of agriculture was 103.832 billion yuan, an increase of 2.0%; The added value of forestry was 12.867 billion yuan, an increase of 5.8%; The added value of animal husbandry was 67.832 billion yuan, an increase of 10.5%; The added value of fishery was 11.285 billion yuan, up by 6.8%. The total grain output reached a record high of 29,693,500 tons, an increase of 2.0%.

　　　 The pace of agricultural industrialization has accelerated. 220 national and provincial leading enterprises completed sales revenue of 83 billion yuan, an increase of 22.1%; The profit was 3.5 billion yuan, an increase of 14.8%. 50 new agricultural standardization demonstration zones were built.

　　　 Agricultural production capacity has been enhanced. The province’s rural fixed assets investment was 65.435 billion yuan, an increase of 20.0%. The fiscal expenditure on agriculture, forestry and water affairs was 19.74 billion yuan, an increase of 42.0%. Soil erosion control covers an area of 278.9 square kilometers. The effective irrigation area of new farmland is 5.68 thousand hectares, and the water-saving irrigation area is 8.06 thousand hectares. Rural electricity consumption was 8.146 billion kWh, up 6.7%. At the end of the year, the total power of agricultural machinery was 40.211 million kilowatts, an increase of 9.1%.

　　　 New achievements have been made in the construction of new countryside. The province has newly built 4047 kilometers of highways from county to township, and 23977 kilometers of cement (asphalt) roads from township to village. 158,700 new rural biogas digesters have been built, which has promoted the development of ecological agriculture. 5028 rural water supply projects were built, which solved the drinking water difficulties and unsafe drinking water problems of 1,691,700 people. Solved the problem of 1.1514 million people watching TV in rural TV blind areas. 1,000 new telephone villages have been added; 500 new rural comprehensive information service demonstration sites will be built, and 3,000 administrative villages will realize Internet broadband access. Completed the construction of 3316 village-level organization activity places. There are 12.08 million migrant workers in rural areas (including towns and villages) in the province, an increase of 10.0%; The total income of foreign workers was 95 billion yuan, an increase of 5.7%.

　　　　III. Industry and Construction Industry　

　　　 The industrial economy maintained rapid growth. The total industrial added value of the province was 428.016 billion yuan, an increase of 16.0% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size was 357.085 billion yuan, an increase of 18.4%. Among the industries above designated size, the added value of light industry was 114.454 billion yuan, an increase of 21.5%; The added value of heavy industry was 242.631 billion yuan, up by 17.0%. The advantageous industries grew steadily, achieving an added value of 273.044 billion yuan, an increase of 19.0%, driving the added value of industries above designated size in the province to increase by 14.4 percentage points. Among them, the equipment manufacturing industry grew by 31.1%, the biomedical industry by 32.4%, the electronic information industry by 26.8% and the food processing industry by 23.3%. High-processing industries continued to develop rapidly, with an increase of 28.9%, and the growth rate was 10.5 percentage points higher than the provincial average. The output value of new industrial products above designated size in the province was 121.26 billion yuan, an increase of 44.5%. The sales rate of industrial enterprises above designated size reached 98.75%.

Table 1: Main categories of added value of industrial enterprises above designated size in Hunan Province in 2008　

Unit: 100 million yuan　

Table 2: Output of major industrial products above designated size in Hunan Province in 2008　

Table 3: Benefit of Industrial Enterprises above designated size in Hunan Province in 2008　

　　　 New steps have been taken in the development of the construction industry. The total output value of the province’s construction industry exceeded the 200 billion mark, reaching 228.7 billion yuan, an increase of 25.0%; The added value of the construction industry was 65.292 billion yuan, accounting for 5.9% of the province’s GDP. General contracting and professional contracting construction enterprises with qualification grade realized a profit of 6.11 billion yuan, an increase of 12.0%. The building construction area was 212,027,400 square meters, an increase of 12.8%; The completed building area was 83,092,100 square meters, an increase of 1.3%.

　　　 IV. Investment in fixed assets　

　　　 Investment growth is strong. The province’s total investment in fixed assets was 564.997 billion yuan, an increase of 31.6% over the previous year. Among them, the investment in fixed assets above cities and towns was 499.562 billion yuan, an increase of 33.2%. In terms of regions, the investment in fixed assets above cities and towns in the "3+5" urban agglomeration was 348.391 billion yuan, up 31.6%, of which the investment in fixed assets above cities and towns in Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan was 232.022 billion yuan, up 29.6%. The investment in fixed assets above cities and towns in southern Hunan was 68.928 billion yuan, an increase of 36.7%; The investment in fixed assets above cities and towns in western Hunan was 51.112 billion yuan, an increase of 34.4%.

The investment structure continued to improve. Industrial investment continued to grow rapidly. The investment in fixed assets of industrial enterprises above cities and towns in the province was 199.462 billion yuan, an increase of 38.7%, accounting for 39.9% of the investment in fixed assets above cities and towns. Among them, the investment in industrial technological transformation was 138.243 billion yuan, an increase of 37.1%; Investment in raw materials industry was 61.024 billion yuan, up by 20.8%; The equipment manufacturing industry invested 43.772 billion yuan, up 49.5%. Investment in high-tech industries was 11.28 billion yuan, up by 44.0%. Investment in energy-intensive industries was 86.199 billion yuan, up by 28.8%, and the growth rate dropped by 11.2 percentage points over the previous year. Investment in energy conservation and environmental protection was 1.802 billion yuan, an increase of 29.5%.

　　　 Infrastructure and key projects were further strengthened. The investment in urban infrastructure and basic industries in the province was 168.683 billion yuan, an increase of 34.9%. The province implemented 172 key projects, with an investment of 90.29 billion yuan, accounting for 112.9% of the annual plan. 1683 projects with an investment of over 100 million yuan. The newly-increased installed power capacity is 2.31 million kilowatts. Construction of 18 expressways from Yueyang to Xiangtan and Hengyang to Linwu on the Beijing-Zhuhai double track was started, and Changji Expressway was completed and opened to traffic. Changsha, the provincial capital, was connected with all other 13 cities and states, with a mileage of 2,001 kilometers. Six new railway projects, including the reconstruction of Xiang-Gui double track, started. The reconstruction and expansion of Changsha and Zhangjiajie airports progressed smoothly. The first-phase project of Chenglingji Port Area (Songyang Lake) in Yueyang, the shipping construction project from Changde to Nianyukou and the bridge unobstructed project in Dongting Lake area were accelerated. A number of key projects, such as Yueyang’s 10-million-ton refining and chemical integration and Xiangtan Iron and Steel’s 5-meter wide and thick plate, started construction. Taohuajiang nuclear power station approved the preliminary construction.

　　　 The growth rate of real estate development slowed down. The province’s investment in real estate development was 89.641 billion yuan, an increase of 18.8%, and the growth rate dropped by 16.9 percentage points over the previous year. The completed area of commercial housing was 20,411,700 square meters, down by 0.7%. The sales area of commercial housing was 23.7531 million square meters, down by 13.1%. Among them, the sales area of commercial housing auction was 15,831,800 square meters, down by 13.0%. The vacant area of commercial housing was 3,105,700 square meters, an increase of 68.8%.

　　　 V. Domestic trade and prices　

　　　 The retail market of consumer goods is active. The total retail sales of social consumer goods in the province was 411.966 billion yuan, an increase of 22.7% over the previous year, and the growth rate was 4.3 percentage points faster than that of the previous year. The commodity sales of wholesale and retail trading enterprises reached 741.362 billion yuan, up by 16.1%. Among them, the commodity sales of wholesale enterprises was 369.482 billion yuan, an increase of 11.2%; The merchandise sales of retail enterprises reached 371.88 billion yuan, up by 21.4%. The commodity sales of wholesale and retail enterprises above designated size was 213.808 billion yuan, up by 24.1%, and the growth rate was 8.4 percentage points higher than that of the previous year. Among them, the retail sales reached 91.097 billion yuan, an increase of 29.4%; It accounted for 26.2% of the retail sales of wholesale and retail trade, up 1.3 percentage points over the previous year. Among the retail sales of wholesale and retail enterprises above designated size, gold, silver and jewelry increased by 37.5%, cosmetics by 34.1%, furniture by 46.3%, communication equipment by 44.7% and automobiles by 23.1%. From the retail volume of goods, the retail volume of LCD TVs was 116,000 units, an increase of 76.6%; The retail sales of microcomputers reached 225,400 units, an increase of 22.0%; The retail sales of cars reached 96,800, an increase of 16.8%.

Table 4: Total retail sales and classification of social consumer goods in Hunan Province in 2008　

Unit: 100 million yuan　

　　　 The price increase has been well controlled. The overall level of consumer prices in the province rose by 6.0% over the previous year, and the monthly increase dropped from 8.1% in February to 2.9% in December. Among them, cities rose by 5.8% and rural areas rose by 7.4%. The retail price of commodities rose by 5.6%, and the monthly increase dropped from 7.0% in February to 2.5% in December. The price of agricultural means of production rose by 26.5%, and the monthly increase dropped from 35.6% in April to 15.3% in December. The ex-factory price of industrial products rose by 9.3%, and the monthly increase changed from 14.4% in July to 0.9% in December. The purchase price of raw materials, fuel and power increased by 12.0%, of which, it decreased by 0.4% in December; The investment price of fixed assets rose by 9.9%, and the quarterly increase dropped from 12.1% in the first quarter to 3.0% in the fourth quarter. The production price of agricultural products rose by 26.7%, and the quarterly increase dropped from 40.4% in the first quarter to 2.6% in the fourth quarter.

Table 5: Price Increase in Hunan Province in 2008　

　　　 VI. Foreign Economic Relations, Trade and Tourism　

　　　 New breakthroughs have been made in foreign trade. The province’s total import and export volume exceeded $10 billion, reaching $12.566 billion, an increase of 29.7% over the previous year. Among them, exports reached 8.41 billion US dollars, up by 29.1%; Imports reached US$ 4.156 billion, up by 31.1%. The import and export of general trade was US$ 11.237 billion, up by 28.4%; The import and export of processing trade reached US$ 1.137 billion, up by 39.8%. The export of mechanical and electrical products was US$ 2.536 billion, up by 50.0%; It accounted for 30.2% of total exports, up 4 percentage points from the previous year. The export of high-tech products was US$ 280 million, up by 29.1%. The export of agricultural products was US$ 422 million, up by 20.5%.

Table 6: Main categories of imports and exports in Hunan Province in 2008　

Unit: USD 100 million　

Table 7: Import and Export of Hunan Province to Major Countries and Regions in 2008　

Unit: USD 100 million　

　　　 The scale of attracting investment has expanded. The actual utilization of foreign direct investment in the province was 4.005 billion US dollars, an increase of 22.5%. Among them, there were 111 projects with more than 10 million dollars, an increase of 48.0%; The actual utilization of foreign direct investment was $2.009 billion, an increase of 39.3%, accounting for 50.2% of the actual utilization of foreign direct investment in the province. The actual utilization of foreign direct investment in industry was 2.863 billion US dollars, an increase of 54.5%. Forty-three of the world’s top 500 enterprises have settled in Hunan. The province actually introduced 123.017 billion yuan of domestic and foreign funds, an increase of 16.9%. Among them, the capital introduced by industry was 74.193 billion yuan, up by 24.1%. The province has actually introduced 547 projects with domestic and foreign funds of more than 50 million yuan, and 180 projects with funds of more than 100 million yuan.

　　　 The pace of foreign economic cooperation has accelerated. The newly signed contracts for foreign contracted projects, labor service cooperation and design consultation in the province amounted to 2.475 billion US dollars, an increase of 40.3%; Realized a turnover of $1.055 billion, an increase of 12.3%; There were 25,300 overseas laborers, an increase of 36.6%. 61 overseas investment enterprises were newly approved, with a contractual investment of 479 million US dollars, an increase of 56.5%.

　　　 Tourism has developed steadily. The province’s total tourism revenue reached 85.175 billion yuan, an increase of 16.3%. Received 127.19 million domestic tourists, an increase of 18%; Domestic tourism revenue was 80.884 billion yuan, an increase of 18.7%. Received 1.11 million inbound tourists, down 7.9%; Tourism foreign exchange income was 617 million US dollars, down 3.8%. At the end of the year, there were 126 tourist areas (spots) in the province, including 38 tourist areas (spots) with 4A level and above.

　　　 VII. Transportation, Posts and Telecommunications　

　　　 Traffic and transportation grew steadily. The turnover of goods in the whole province was 208.275 billion tons kilometers, an increase of 4.9% over the previous year. Among them, the railway cargo turnover was 103.429 billion tons kilometers, and the road cargo turnover was 77.370 billion tons kilometers. Passenger turnover was 129.275 billion person-kilometers, an increase of 5.4%. Among them, the railway passenger turnover was 67.095 billion person-kilometers, the road passenger turnover was 57.297 billion person-kilometers, and the civil aviation passenger turnover was 4.773 billion person-kilometers.

Table 8: Main Indicators of Transportation Industry in Hunan Province in 2008　

　　　 The post and telecommunications industry has developed rapidly. The total post and telecommunications business in the province was 75.214 billion yuan, an increase of 21.4%. Among them, the total postal service was 3.410 billion yuan, and the total telecommunication service was 71.804 billion yuan. At the end of the year, the total capacity of local exchanges was 48.141 million, an increase of 29.6%. At the end of the year, there were 12,573,200 fixed-line telephone users, down by 4.8%; There were 22,606,400 mobile phone users, an increase of 19.5%. The fixed telephone penetration rate was 18.37 households per 100 people, a decrease of 1.03 households per 100 people; The mobile phone penetration rate was 33.03 households per 100 people, with an increase of 5.23 households per 100 people. By the end of the year, there were 2,222,700 Internet broadband users, an increase of 4.2%.

　　　 VIII. Finance, Securities and Insurance　

　　　 Financial support for the economy has increased significantly. At the end of the year, the balance of RMB loans of financial institutions in the province was 698.942 billion yuan, an increase of 127.247 billion yuan over the beginning of the year and an increase of 43.876 billion yuan over the same period of last year. Among short-term loans, the balance of industrial loans was 60.409 billion yuan, an increase of 10.216 billion yuan; The balance of agricultural loans was 64.958 billion yuan, an increase of 10.046 billion yuan. Among the medium and long-term loans, the balance of capital construction loans was 194.424 billion yuan, an increase of 33.245 billion yuan; The balance of personal consumption loans was 52.264 billion yuan, an increase of 10.837 billion yuan.

　　　 The balance of deposits in financial institutions exceeded one trillion yuan. At the end of the year, the balance of RMB deposits in financial institutions in the province was 1,089.549 billion yuan, an increase of 181.227 billion yuan over the beginning of the year and 45.910 billion yuan over the previous year. Among them, corporate deposits increased by 31.451 billion yuan, a decrease of 18.816 billion yuan; Savings deposits of urban and rural residents increased by 122.772 billion yuan, an increase of 66.747 billion yuan.

Table 9: Balance Sheet of Local and Foreign Currency Credit of Financial Institutions in Hunan Province in 2008　

Unit: 100 million yuan　

　　　 New achievements have been made in securities market financing. At the end of the year, there were 54 listed companies in the province. Among them, there are 49 domestic listed companies, an increase of one over the previous year; There are 5 overseas listed companies, unchanged from the previous year. In the whole year, direct financing from the capital market was 27.175 billion yuan, an increase of 48.8%. The province’s enterprise securities market raised 6.759 billion yuan. Among them, the initial listing financing of enterprises was 1.22 billion yuan, the refinancing of listed companies was 5.366 billion yuan, and the financing from overseas securities markets was 173 million yuan. At the end of the year, there were 44 service departments and 94 business departments of securities companies in the province, with a securities transaction volume of 1,242.959 billion yuan, a decrease of 1,032.163 billion yuan over the previous year; There are 4 futures companies with a turnover of 1,278.222 billion yuan, an increase of 752.429 billion yuan over the previous year.

　　　 The insurance business grew rapidly. The province’s original insurance premium income was 31.249 billion yuan, an increase of 55.2%, and the growth rate was 19 percentage points faster than that of the previous year. Among them, property insurance premium income was 6.162 billion yuan, an increase of 28.9%; Life insurance premium income was 22.906 billion yuan, an increase of 68.8%; Health insurance premium income was 1.489 billion yuan, an increase of 40.3%; Accident insurance premium income was 691 million yuan, down 3.2%. All kinds of compensation and payment expenses were 9.452 billion yuan, up by 35.7%, of which 1.324 billion yuan was paid for fighting the extraordinarily severe freezing disaster at the beginning of the year.

　　　 IX. Education, Science and Technology　

　　　 Education has been developing continuously. The province’s free compulsory education covers urban and rural areas, and the level of rural education funds is improved. The province completed the construction of 730 qualified schools in the compulsory education stage. There are 1,059,500 children in kindergartens, an increase of 13.0% over the previous year. The enrollment rate of primary school-age children is 99.77%, and the enrollment rate of junior high school-age population is 99.54%. There are 100 colleges and universities, an increase of 1 over the previous year. 5533 private schools of various types, an increase of 15.9%; There were 1,441,500 students in school, an increase of 7.9%. There are 13 private colleges and universities with 85,900 students. There are 15 private independent colleges with 94,800 students.

Table 10: Number of students, enrollment and graduates in schools at all levels in Hunan Province in 2008　

　　　 The ability of scientific and technological innovation has been improved. The province undertakes 84 national "863" plan projects and 31 high-tech industrialization demonstration projects. There are 8 national engineering (technical) research centers; There are 6 State Key Laboratories, including 2 new ones. There are 16 enterprise technology centers recognized by the state. 990 scientific and technological achievements were obtained, of which 19 were awarded the National Award for Scientific and Technological Progress and 2 were awarded the National Award for Technological Invention. Five achievements, such as the regulation of nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism in livestock and poultry and the research and application of key technologies for safe feed preparation, won the second prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award, and the project of sulfide ore bioleaching based on the analysis of microbial gene function and community structure won the second prize of the National Technology Invention Award. 5,514 technical contracts were signed, with a turnover of 4.782 billion yuan, an increase of 3.8%. The added value of high-tech industries in the province was 109.884 billion yuan, an increase of 30.7%.

　　　 The development of intellectual property rights was accelerated. The number of patent applications in the province was 14,016, and the number of patents granted was 6,133, increasing by 24.8% and 7.8% respectively. Among them, there were 5335 applications for invention patents and 6098 applications for posts, accounting for 38.1% and 43.5% of the total applications in the province respectively. Applications from enterprises, universities and research institutes increased by 53.5%, 36.4% and 49.7% respectively. The cumulative number of patent applications and authorizations in the province ranks tenth in the country. Changsha and Xiangtan were approved as the first batch of national demonstration cities for intellectual property work, Xiangtan was approved as the national pilot base for patent technology (motor) industrialization, and Xiangtan Intellectual Property Office was awarded the first batch of national pilot units for intellectual property pledge financing. The province participated in the second China Patent Week and signed 37 intellectual property projects, with a contracted amount of 339 million yuan. Won 2 gold medals, 8 silver medals and 8 bronze medals in the 6th International Invention Exhibition.

　　　 Comprehensive technical services are gradually standardized. At the end of the year, there were 1189 product testing laboratories in the province. Among them, there are 6 national testing centers and 1 new one. There are 229 legal metrological verification institutions and 96 special equipment inspection institutions. Completed 39,000 batches of regular food quality supervision and spot checks, and completed 41,500 batches of regular industrial product quality supervision and spot checks. Among them, the qualified rate of regular spot checks of industrial products was 91.7%, an increase of 3.63 percentage points over the previous year. The province’s surveying and mapping departments have published 123 kinds of maps and 33 kinds of surveying and mapping books. Providing 10,159 topographic maps of various scales, 2,737 geodetic achievements and 445 aerial photographs for economic and social development. At the end of the year, there were 7 weather radar observation points in the province. Technical services such as earthquake and hydrology have been further developed.

　　　 X. Culture, Health and Sports　

　　　 The cultural industry has developed steadily. There are 4,686 books, 85 newspapers and 237 periodicals published in the province. Periodicals published 93 million copies and books published 362 million copies. The sales revenue of the news publishing industry was 16.8 billion yuan, and the total profit was 1.7 billion yuan, up by 1.0% and 1.5% respectively. The annual output of original animation is 26,500 minutes, ranking first in the country for four consecutive years. The launching ceremony of the third national original animation contest for mobile phones was held. The mobile animation "Tuowei Information" was successfully listed and became the first animation in China.

　　　 Cultural undertakings have flourished. By the end of the year, there were 93 performing arts groups, 140 cultural centers, 120 public libraries and 69 museums and memorial halls in the province. Fourteen museums and memorial halls, including the Provincial Museum, are open free of charge. A total of 537,800 rural public welfare films were screened. Huagu Opera "Into the Sunshine" was shortlisted for the excellent repertoire of the national stage art boutique project, acrobatic "unicycle" won the gold medal in the seventh national acrobatic competition, and Peking Opera "Ziying" won the second prize of modern drama in the fifth China Peking Opera Art Festival. There are 11 radio stations and 15 TV stations. There were 5,439,300 cable TV users, an increase of 338,100; At the end of the year, the comprehensive population coverage rate of radio and television was 91.1% and 95.7%, respectively, up by 2.1 and 1.0 percentage points over the previous year.

　　　 Health services were further strengthened. There are 4,325 health institutions in the province, an increase of 24 over the previous year. Among them, there are 3,180 hospitals and health centers, 139 maternal and child health centers (institutes and stations) and 87 specialized disease prevention and treatment hospitals (institutes and stations). 409 township hospitals were built or rebuilt. Hospitals and health centers have a total of 171,000 beds, an increase of 5.6%. There were 217,900 health technicians, an increase of 7.5%. Among them, there were 87,000 medical practitioners and assistant medical practitioners, an increase of 5.7%; There were 64,200 registered nurses, an increase of 3.4%. The development of community health services was accelerated. The municipal districts have achieved full coverage of community health service centers with street offices as units.

　　　 Sports are developing vigorously. The athletes of the whole province won three gold medals in Beijing Olympic Games, two gold medals, one silver medal and one bronze medal in Beijing Paralympic Games, and also won five world champions, four Asian champions and 39 national champions. There are 21302 sports venues in the province. Among them, there are 142 gymnasiums, 656 sports grounds and 20,352 training rooms. New farmers’ physical fitness projects were built in 882 administrative villages.

　　　 XI. Resources, Environment and Safety in Production　

　　　 Development land security and cultivated land protection have been given consideration. The province has approved 21,600 hectares of construction land, occupied 5,966.67 hectares of cultivated land and supplemented 6,540 hectares of cultivated land, achieving a balance of occupation and compensation for nine consecutive years. We disposed of 513 cases of 257 hectares of land restructured by state-owned enterprises, and transferred 8262 cases of 4870 hectares of state-owned land use rights. The demand for land for key projects such as infrastructure, people’s livelihood projects, park construction and undertaking industrial transfer is basically guaranteed. A total of five counties have become national demonstration areas for basic farmland protection; Basic farmland is stable at 3.36 million hectares.

　　　 The exploration of mineral resources and the prevention and control of geological disasters have been further developed. 120 kinds of minerals have been discovered, and 83 kinds of minerals with proven resource reserves have been discovered. 625 geological exploration projects (including continuation projects) and 16 prospecting projects in resource crisis mines have been implemented, and a number of new prospecting results have been achieved. 69 geological disasters were successfully avoided, 1,665 casualties were avoided, and 32.01 million yuan of property losses were avoided. The number of casualties due to disasters was the lowest in the past decade. 86 mines have implemented geological environment restoration and treatment projects.

　　　 Environmental quality has been gradually improved. The province closed 583 small and medium-sized papermaking enterprises, shut down 126 small thermal power units with 848,000 kilowatts, and eliminated 6 million tons of backward cement production capacity. A three-year action plan for comprehensive water pollution control in Xiangjiang River Basin was launched, and 1377 remediation projects were included. The municipal sewage treatment rate was 52.0%, and the harmless treatment rate of municipal domestic garbage was 59.5%, which were 5.7 and 6.8 percentage points higher than the previous year, respectively. There are 10 cities whose air quality has reached the second-class standard, an increase of 3 over the previous year; The section proportion of surface water meeting Class III standard was 86.5%, up by 4.2 percentage points over the previous year. Among them, the proportion of sections where the water quality of Xiangjiang River Basin meets the Class III standard is 87.5%, which is 5 percentage points higher than the previous year. The water quality of Dongting Lake has further improved, and all the 10 sections are of Grade II and III water quality. The average concentration of sulfur dioxide in the province decreased by 4 percentage points. 36 national ecological demonstration zones have been approved. The afforestation area is 64,000 hectares. 5 million mu of forest land was damaged by replanting and ice disaster, and 715 thousand mu of farmland was returned to forest. The forest coverage rate in the province is 55.86%.

　　　 New achievements have been made in energy conservation and consumption reduction. In 2008, the province’s energy consumption reduction rate per unit GDP achieved the annual target; Energy consumption per unit scale industrial added value was 1.98 tons of standard coal/10,000 yuan, down by 11.8%; The power consumption per unit GDP was 975.49 kWh/10,000 yuan, down 9.9%. The comprehensive energy consumption of 28 enterprises listed in the national "thousand energy-saving enterprises" decreased by 1.3%, which was 5.7 percentage points lower than the growth rate of comprehensive energy consumption of large-scale industries; It accounted for 38.0% of the comprehensive energy consumption of large-scale industries, down 2 percentage points from the previous year. The comprehensive energy consumption of "100 energy-saving enterprises" in the province (excluding the national "1,000 energy-saving enterprises") increased by 5.0%, 0.6 percentage points higher than the growth rate of comprehensive energy consumption of large-scale industries; It accounts for 18.6% of the comprehensive energy consumption of large-scale industries.

　　　 The situation of safe production is basically stable. There were 12,307 production safety accidents in the province, with 3,897 deaths, 780 fewer than the previous year. The number of deaths from production safety accidents of 100 million yuan GDP was 0.35, down by 31.4%; There were 100,000 employees in industrial, mining and commercial enterprises, and 3.57 people died in production accidents, down by 15.0%. There were 5.05 deaths per million tons in coal mines, down by 19.5%. There were 7637 road traffic accidents and 2555 deaths, which decreased by 23.0% and 16.4% respectively. The number of road traffic deaths per 10,000 vehicles was 5.83, down by 25.2%.

　　　 XII. Population, People’s Life and Social Security　

　　　 Population and family planning work progressed steadily. At the end of the year, the total population of the province was 68.452 million, an increase of 395,000 or 5.8‰ over the previous year. Among them, the urban population is 28.8525 million, and the rural population is 39.5995 million. There are 6,202,600 elderly people aged 65 and above, accounting for 9.1% of the total population of the province, an increase of 0.08 percentage points over the previous year. The birth rate was 12.68‰, an increase of 0.72 thousandths over the previous year; The mortality rate was 7.28‰, an increase of 0.57 thousandths; The natural population growth rate is 5.40‰. The province’s permanent population is 63.8 million. At the end of the year, there were 39.1 million employees in the province, an increase of 265,900 over the previous year. There are 104,100 family planning support objects in rural areas of the province, and there are 18,000 family support objects for the disabled and dead only child.

　　　 Residents’ income grew rapidly. The per capita disposable income of urban residents in the province was 13,821.20 yuan, an increase of 12.4%; After deducting the price factor, the real increase was 6.3%. Among them, the per capita wage income was 8418 yuan, an increase of 5.6%; The net operating income was 1575.10 yuan, an increase of 61.5%; Transfer income was 3,511 yuan, an increase of 18.8%; Property income was 316.50 yuan, down 18.5%. The per capita net income of rural residents was 4,512.50 yuan, an increase of 15.6%; After deducting the price factor, the real increase was 8.0%. Among them, wage income was 1,990.50 yuan, an increase of 16.3%; Family business income was 2,196.60 yuan, an increase of 11.9%; Transfer and property income was 325.30 yuan, an increase of 42.7%.

　　　 People’s living standards are constantly improving. The per capita consumption expenditure of urban residents in the province was 9945.50 yuan, an increase of 10.6%. Among them, the expenditure on household equipment and services, clothing and food increased by 11.9%, 7.2% and 22.4% respectively. The per capita living consumption expenditure of rural residents was 3,805 yuan, an increase of 427.62 yuan or 12.7% over the previous year. Among them, food, clothing and housing increased by 16.3%, 4.5% and 23.9% respectively. The Engel coefficient of urban residents in the province is 39.9%, and that of rural residents is 51.2%. The per capita living area of urban residents is 29.30 square meters, an increase of 3.2%; The per capita housing area of rural residents was 40.70 square meters, an increase of 1.4%.

　　　 New progress has been made in social security work. 1.85 million retirees from enterprises in the province participated in the basic old-age insurance, an increase of 2.6%; The number of employees participating in unemployment insurance was 3.901 million, an increase of 0.3%; The number of employees participating in medical insurance was 6,819,500, an increase of 9.9%; The number of employees receiving unemployment insurance benefits was 190,000, an increase of 9.9%. The number of urban residents in the province received the government’s minimum living guarantee of 1.39 million, and a total of 2.168 billion yuan was distributed to urban residents. 1.42 million people with medical difficulties in urban and rural areas were rescued. Emergency transfer and resettlement of 2.95 million people affected by the disaster, helping the victims of house collapse rebuild 253,000 houses.

　　　 Note:

　　　 1. The data in this bulletin are preliminary statistics, in which the energy consumption data are preliminary audited by the National Bureau of Statistics.

　　　 2. The absolute figures of the GDP and the added value of various industries in Hunan Province are calculated at current prices, and the growth rate is calculated at comparable prices.

　　　 3. The permanent population refers to the population whose household registration is in the local area and has lived there for more than half a year, the population who lives in the local area and whose household registration is not in the local area but has left the household registration for more than half a year, and the population who lives in the local area and whose household registration is to be determined. The calculation formula is: resident population = registered population-population whose household registration is local but has left the household registration place for more than half a year+population who lives locally but has left the household registration place for more than half a year+population who lives locally and has an undetermined household registration place. The number of permanent residents in 2008 used in this bulletin is inferred from this year’s population sampling survey.

On October 27, Ziyang signed a strategic cooperation agreement with the government service departments of Nanchuan, Dazu and Tongnan in Chongqing to jointly promote the inter-provincial operation of government services in the four places. This is the latest measure to break the "wall" of government services in Sichuan and Chongqing.

Recently, various departments at all levels in Sichuan and Chongqing provinces have taken the initiative to plan and actively connect, breaking the geographical barriers and administrative barriers of government services, helping the construction of the economic circle of the two cities in Chengdu and Chongqing, and more and more government services have broken through the "wall" and entered the "circle" to realize "Sichuan and Chongqing are connected".

Service organization through   The masses do things less and run away.

Recently, Chen Bing came to Mianyang Municipal Affairs Service Center to consult about provident fund loans. Chen Bing’s provident fund deposit place is in Chongqing, where his last job is located. Now he wants to buy a new house in Mianyang, and he doesn’t know how to handle the provident fund loan. After the consultation, the staff motioned him to "Mianbei comprehensive window". In this window linked with Beibei District of Chongqing, the staff immediately opened a green channel for Chen Bing, and the loan he applied for was approved the next day. In less than a month, the loan was issued successfully.

The direct connection of government service agencies allows the masses to do things less. On May 22nd, Mianyang City and Beibei District of Chongqing signed a cooperation agreement on government services, and cooperated in 10 aspects, such as smart government affairs, government affairs reform, off-site communication and information inquiry, so as to realize cross-regional communication of 43 government affairs. In the lobby on the 7th floor of Mianyang Municipal Affairs Service Center, a window-"Mianbei Comprehensive Window" has been added since June. Both Mianyang and Beibei have set up convenience windows in the government service hall, where residents of the two places can consult and declare, get license information, or take the postal way to handle it in different places.

Since the start of the construction of the twin-city economic circle in Chengdu-Chongqing area, the docking between government service agencies at all levels in the two provinces and cities has become more and more frequent.

On July 10th, Luzhou signed a strategic cooperation agreement with Rongchang District and jiangjin district in Chongqing to promote the integrated development of the twin-city economic circle in Chengdu-Chongqing area, involving the interconnection of public employment services and the sharing of medical data.

On August 10th, Deyang signed a cooperation agreement with Jiangbei District and Yubei District of Chongqing, and reached the first batch of 34 and 38 cross-city affairs respectively.

On September 29th, Meishan City and Tongnan District of Chongqing signed a cooperation agreement to deepen the integration of government services and promote the construction of the twin-city economic circle in Chengdu-Chongqing area, and reached cooperation intentions in four aspects: service unification and standardization and information sharing.

….. "When a batch of cooperation matters are mature, we will launch a batch and announce a batch." On October 27th, just after signing the contract, Zhang Yusheng, director of ziyang Municipal Affairs Service and Big Data Administration Bureau, said that Ziyang will work with Nanchuan, Dazu and Tongnan in Chongqing to comprehensively sort out matters with high frequency, the strongest reflection, the greater demand and the strong sense of the masses, and continuously increase cooperation matters.

Optimization of docking mechanism   Service management is smarter.

On September 28th, the "Nearby Office" of social security card business was officially launched. The first batch of 9 social security cartoon offices in Luzhou and 66 in Chongqing were set up, covering the city and county levels, to realize the services of information inquiry, activation, loss reporting and cancellation of social security cards in the "nearest outlets" in Luzhou and Chongqing, and 12333 provided consulting services simultaneously.

Not long ago, Tianfu New District signed a cooperation framework agreement with Manke Space (Chongqing) Business Incubator Co., Ltd., and agreed to accelerate the construction of a government service system with "unified standards to do one thing". By then, relying on the "Tianfu-Liangjiang Cooperation Demonstration Window" and "Tianfu Mankeyun Cluster Registration Smart Park Management System", the applicant can register and set up enterprises in Tianfu New District (in the custody residence provided by the administrative examination and approval bureau of the district management committee) and Chongqing Liangjiang New District (in the Mankeyun Space Park) at the same time.

To realize the "Sichuan-Chongqing Communication Office", it is necessary to work together at both ends of the offline window and online platform to serve the needs of the masses and enterprises in an all-round way.

On September 29th, the brand-new version of Sichuan government service brand "Tianfu Tongban" was officially launched, in which the service area of "Sichuan-Chongqing Tongban" was specially set up to establish cooperation with Chongqing Online Service Hall "Chongqing Kuaiban". At present, 45 government services, including the establishment of enterprises and branches, the inquiry, printing and loss reporting of social security information, the inquiry and punishment of traffic violations, marriage appointment registration, household registration transfer, mutual recognition and mutual loan of provident fund, have realized online communication between Sichuan and Chongqing.

"We will further optimize the docking mechanism, make service management smarter, and make people more efficient and convenient." Huang Xibei, director of the administrative service management office in Tongnan District, Chongqing, said that he would rely on the two platforms of "Chongqing Express Office" and "Tianfu General Office" to strive to obtain technical support from provincial departments and explore more online joint affairs.

At present, Sichuan-related cities (states) that have signed cooperation agreements with various districts in Chongqing have built or planned to build offline comprehensive service windows for cross-regional services.

New technology and new economy are also very optimistic about the online convenience service market that breaks through the "wall" and enters the "circle". In Wuhou District, Chengdu, the blockchain technology is being combined with the interoperability of government service cities. The district will soon cooperate with Mianyang City, xiong’an new area City, Yuzhong District of Chongqing City and Yanta District of Xi ‘an City to build the first government service city in China. At that time, relevant materials can be shared on the platform, and applicants can apply for various businesses in these five cities, and applicants no longer need to submit application materials and archival materials repeatedly. (Reporter   Punanxi   Wu you   Zu Mingyuan   Yu Rubo   Wei Feng   Fan bangping)

　　Recently, the "chip" has been screened, and behind the upsurge of attention to the chip industry, Chinese people are re-examining the development of the chip industry.

　　In fact, the domestic high-end general-purpose chip industry is still in its infancy, and there is still a big gap with the chip industries in Europe, America, Japan and South Korea. Behind the hot discussion, you may not know some cold knowledge. For example, every time a mobile phone manufacturer sells a smart phone, it must pay a part of the patent fee to Qualcomm; Why can’t Intel, which dominates the PC, make a good mobile phone chip?

　　The following are some cold chip knowledge that Looking for China to create a guest (ID: XJBMaker) has combed for you:

　　Every one you bought.

　　Smartphones have to pay patent fees to Qualcomm

　　Ordinary users’ familiarity with Qualcomm comes from the Qualcomm chip used in mobile phones. At present, almost all high-end Android phones use Qualcomm Snapdragon snapdragon processors, such as Snapdragon 845 used by Xiaomi MIX2s, the latest flagship model released by Xiaomi, and Snapdragon 660 used by Teacher Luo’s nut Pro2.

　　Every time you buy a domestic mobile phone using Qualcomm Snapdragon chips, you have to pay a part of the cost to Qualcomm, which is not just the cost of chips in Qualcomm. In other words, even if you buy a mobile phone with MediaTek chip, you still have to pay the patent fee to Qualcomm.

　　The reason for this is that Qualcomm doesn’t rely on its chip technology. In fact, Qualcomm is a communication company, and it is almost the founder in the 3G/4G field. It holds the most patents for advanced 3G mobile network technology, holding nearly 4,000 related invention patents.

　　Even if you don’t use Qualcomm’s chip, you still pay for the mobile communication patent in Qualcomm. This is the patent dispute between Meizu and Qualcomm some time ago.

　　According to the data previously published by Qualcomm, for the equipment used and sold in China, Qualcomm China Standard Essential Patent (SEP) permits, and 3G equipment (including 3G|4G multimode equipment) is 5% of the net selling price of the equipment; 3.5% of 65% of the net selling price of the equipment, including 3-mode LTE-TDD, which only supports 4G.

　　When you buy a 4G mobile phone, such as Xiaomi MIX2s, which has just been listed, the starting price is 3299 yuan, and the patent licensing fee paid for Qualcomm is: 3299 X 65% X 5% =107.2175. According to public information, Qualcomm’s patent revenue in 2015 was as high as $7.947 billion, accounting for 2% of the total global smartphone revenue that year.

　　Qualcomm’s monopoly position in the field of communication has also caused antitrust investigations in many countries around the world. In 2013, China launched an anti-monopoly investigation against Qualcomm. In 2015, the National Development and Reform Commission announced the results of the investigation and imposed a fine of RMB 6.088 billion on Qualcomm, which was the highest single fine since the implementation of the Anti-Monopoly Law of the People’s Republic of China.

　　Mainstream mobile phone manufacturers

　　The chips are actually manufactured by TSMC.

　　It may be hard for you to imagine that the unique Huawei Hisilicon processor, which has always been regarded as a domestic mobile phone chip, is actually produced by TSMC. In fact, nearly 60% of the world’s chip foundry is completed by TSMC.

　　Prior to this, the design and manufacture of chips were all done by a company, which was called IDM in the industry, such as Intel and Samsung, which we are familiar with. The design, manufacture and sealing test of chips were all done by ourselves.

　　However, this model has a huge investment, on the one hand, the design and R&D costs are staggering, on the other hand, it will cost a lot of money to build a factory for production, so now the separation of design and production has become a popular trend in the semiconductor industry, and OEM and R&D are completed by different companies, that is, Foundry)+Fabless model.

　　Huawei Hisilicon belongs to Fabless mode, specializing in chip design, but not in production. Apple, Qualcomm and Spreadtrum belong to this category. TSMC is a company specializing in OEM production of chips, which is called Foundry in the industry, and Samsung is both IDM and Foundry. For example, the A9 processor on Apple’s iPhone 6s/6s plus is manufactured by TSMC and Samsung respectively. However, the subsequent Apple A series processors were handed over to TSMC.

　　On April 13, 2017, Mark Liu, President and Co-CEO of Taiwan Integrated Circuit Manufacturing Company (TSMC), attended the investor conference/vision china.

　　The HiSilicon Kirin 970 processor just released by Huawei adopts TSMC’s latest 10nm process and integrates 5.5 billion transistors in nearly one square centimeter.

　　Why can’t Intel make a good mobile phone chip?

　　Intel has almost monopolized the global computer processor market, but it is hard to see Intel on the mobile side. Most mainstream mobile phone manufacturers use Qualcomm chips. In addition to Qualcomm’s own patent technology accumulation in the communication field, Intel’s own strategic mistakes are also an important reason for its absence in the mobile market.

　　Simply put, the instruction set of the chip can be divided into two parts: Complex Instruction Set (CISC) and Reduced Instruction Set (RISC), and the representative architectures are x86, ARM and MIPS respectively. Intel’s X86 architecture is based on complex instruction sets, while ARM is based on reduced instruction sets. Later, after Apple gradually developed its own architecture, it also used a reduced instruction set.

　　Complex instruction set and simplified instruction set are only different in technical means, and it is difficult to tell which is better or worse. Intel missed the mobile market for two reasons.

　　One is that it does not pay enough attention to the mobile market. At that time, at the beginning of the rise of smart phones, it was the time when Intel dominated the PC market. Its Core series processors swept away the previous decline and returned to the position of PC overlord. The popularity of PC makes Intel ignore the prospect of rapid growth of mobile market. At that time, Apple also intended to cooperate with Intel to produce processors for the iPhone, but it was later dropped.

　　Second, mobile devices are different from PCs. In PC field, high performance is emphasized, but power consumption is not high, while mobile devices must balance high performance and power consumption. On the PC processor, Intel uses X86 architecture, which has strong performance. However, after it is tried on the mobile terminal, Intel suffers from high power consumption and poor battery life.

　　In addition, due to the wide application of ARM architecture in the field of mobile phones, most Android applications are developed based on ARM architecture, and application compatibility is also a difficulty for Intel’s X86 architecture. Intel’s solution is technical means to make Android applications based on ARM run on its own X86 platform, but this is not as good as the native ARM.

　　In the early years, Lenovo also used Intel’s Atom four-thread processor on its flagship model K900, yes, it was the one endorsed by Kobe. Full Metal Jacket and Intel’s high-heating core are an excellent substitute to warm your baby in winter.

　　Mainstream mobile phone chip

　　Most of them are based on the architecture of British ARM company.

　　British ARM company is a chip design company, formerly known as Acorn, which was founded in Cambridge, England in 1978. Since then, he has been engaged in the development of mobile phone chips, and designed chips for Apple’s PDA device "Newton" in the 1980s. In 1985, Aikang Computer developed a new processor with reduced instruction set, called ARM(Acorn RISC Machine), also known as ARM 1.

　　In 1990, Aikang Computer was in financial crisis, and the company was reorganized into ARM( Advanced Risc Machine) computer company, and was funded by Apple and chip manufacturer VLSI Technology. Due to the lack of funds in the early days of its establishment, ARM decided not to manufacture chips, and instead authorized the design scheme to other semiconductor manufacturers to manufacture them.

　　Since then, GEC Plessey in Britain has been authorized by ARM, and later Texas Instruments has also reached a cooperation with ARM. Now well-known semiconductor manufacturers including ntel, IBM, Samsung, LG Semiconductor, NEC, SONY, Philips, Atmel, etc. are the partners of ARM.

　　Now, almost all mainstream chip manufacturers are based on ARM architecture, namely the official standard micro-architecture "Cortex-A" of ARM, which is also known as the public design of ARM. When Huawei’s Hisilicon processor first came out, it was questioned that it used the ARM public version, but it could not be called domestic.

　　In 2016, Japan’s Softbank acquired ARM for 24.3 billion pounds. Based on the fact that almost all the mainstream mobile phone chips on the market adopt ARM architecture, you can also say that 99% of the mobile phones on the market are "Japanese goods":)

(Reporter Xue Xingxing)

　　The evolution of cars is so fast. A few years ago, many cars were still chasing the thermal efficiency and power increase of engines, the fast, smooth and efficient shifting of gearboxes, and the "advanced feeling" of chassis when driving. At that time, new energy vehicles were still a vague concept of "megatrends". Nowadays, new energy vehicles have really entered our lives. With the acceleration and deepening of the electrification process, we also see that at the moment when electrification has gradually matured, a broader main line has been clearly visible: under the natural advantages of electrical architecture, smarter cars are accelerating towards us, and cars have not only stayed at the level of a means of transportation, but have gradually evolved into the "third space" for people’s lives.

　　Being in the new energy head array, the technology is now taking the word "smart" as the re-investment of its "technical fish pond" and quickly implementing the results on new cars. At the 2024 "Dream Day" event with the theme of "Science and technology, pay tribute to dreams", BYD showed us the intelligent and phased practical achievements of BYD’s understanding, and also clearly showed its future strategic direction. On the 13th before the official start of the event, we went to BYD to experience it first. So what is the geometry of this "Smart Day" dry goods? This time we experience it together.

　　In the BYD Park in Pingshan, Shenzhen, BYD officially set up all the experience projects of "Intelligent Block", including four sections: vehicle intelligence, intelligent cockpit, intelligent parking and intelligent driving.

　　Vehicle intelligence

　　BYD put forward the concept of vehicle intelligence, and summarized the attributes of vehicle intelligence with "one brain, two ends, three networks and four chains". One of them is the central brain that participates in and dominates all perception, decision-making and execution; The two ends are the car AI and the cloud AI, and the two ends are deployed in real time; Three networks, namely satellite network, 5G network, car network and triple play; The four chains are the sensor chain, the control chain, the execution chain and the data chain. The four chains are deeply connected to realize flexible perception, precise control and coordinated execution, so that the whole vehicle can achieve functional breakthrough and experience improvement.

　　On-site, the intelligent panel of the whole vehicle is equipped with e-platform 3.0, cloud platform, Xuan Ji architecture and the platform of Yifangfang, and the dynamic experience of Yifangfang concept car is arranged in the dynamic square.

　　E-platform 3.0 is an old acquaintance of ours. It is BYD’s exclusive platform for pure electricity, which lasted for five years and cost tens of billions. It is compatible with various layout modes of front drive, rear drive and four-wheel drive, covering a variety of vehicle sizes from A-class to D-class. It is BYD’s latest pure electric platform. At present, the latest model of E-platform 3.0 is Sea Lion of the marine department.

　　E-platform 3.0 is the technology of vehicle architecture. Based on this platform, BYD has derived new electric drive technology, battery technology, battery management technology, intelligent technology and design language. Many technologies are highly integrated with E-platform 3.0 to jointly optimize and improve the safety, efficiency, intelligence and aesthetics. Take BYD’s most talked about application, the integrated technology of CTB battery body developed based on this platform makes BYD’s blade battery directly hidden in the chassis, and the performance and safety of the battery system are solved. The eight-in-one motor, which integrates the motor, reducer, motor controller, power distribution unit, DC-DC, OBC, VCU and BMS subsystems, focuses on performance and efficiency. It can be said that any component under the "parent" load of E platform is not a "dog".

　　Since its release in April, BYD’s full-stack self-developed Yunqi system has become the world’s first exclusive intelligent body control system for new energy, and it also marks that BYD has become the first enterprise to master the 3-way 6-degree-of-freedom body control technology, which can realize all-round perception through 50+ sensors, so that the vehicle can grasp the environmental changes in real time, and the platform of Yunqi system is simultaneously displayed on the spot.

　　Specifically, the cloud matrix includes cloud -C, cloud -A, cloud -P and other products, covering the core layout from comfort, control to safety and off-road. The three products are oriented to different models and have been gradually installed on BYD’s various models, such as looking up at U8 on the spot.

　　Looking up at U8, it is equipped with Yunnian -P, a chassis which integrates three core technologies of machinery, hydraulics and electronic control, and is specially prepared for off-road driving. One of its functions is to realize the long suspension adjustment stroke. In the ultra-high and ultra-low mode, the bottom will not be supported on off-road sections, and the center of gravity can be lower during fast driving. The leveling function was demonstrated on the spot. In the case of four wheels landing at different heights, the U8 car can still be kept absolutely level, providing a stable platform for the rest in the car.

　　The Xuanji architecture is a new integrated electronic and electrical architecture solution for vehicles launched by BYD. It is named after the two main stars of the Big Dipper, Tianxuan and Tianji, and will be integrated with the vehicle platform to jointly build the intelligent base of the vehicle. Technically, it has the characteristics of central computing, multi-level backup, soft and hard decoupling and service orientation, and has achieved breakthroughs in four dimensions: fast, simple, intelligent and stable. BYD said that it has applied for more than 200 related patents.

　　Xuanji architecture adopts cross-domain integration scheme, system data is communicated between cores, and the speed is greatly improved by optimizing interactive links. It achieves the highest hardware integration in the world: the whole vehicle integrates a total of 85 functional modules. The industry’s largest visual programming service interface and API standard interface, Tianxuan cross-domain computing platform SoC+ reconfiguration chip intelligent computing platform solution, can provide intelligent services for vehicles throughout their life cycle. Under the advanced technology, Xuanji architecture still has a very high security margin. The "341 Global Security" system includes triple redundancy of inter-domain, path and bus, four layers of native network security barriers and the world’s first holographic omni-directional sensing protection system-Yundun, which further enhances the safety of the whole vehicle.

　　The Yi Sifang concept car exhibited at the Guangzhou Auto Show in November also appeared on the scene. The four-motor independent drive architecture is added with "black technology" such as in-situ U-turn, agile steering, extreme anti-skid and emergency floating. Its biggest visible highlights are actually two: one is that there is no brake pad caliper, which does not rely on traditional braking mechanism to realize braking; the other is that there is no steering rod and wire-controlled mechanism, which does not rely on traditional steering mechanism to realize steering.

　　The scene is also decorated with snake-shaped piles, and the maximum passing speed of the Yi Sifang concept car can reach 60 kilometers per hour. As for braking, it can achieve the maximum braking force of 1.0g and the minimum braking distance of 20m. Watching a car with such a heavy wind in Cyberpunk walk freely in the venue, the visual effect and sense of technology are full.

　　Intelligent cockpit

　　Compared with the "engineering" rationality of the whole vehicle, the experience of the intelligent cockpit is much more emotional. In the intelligent block, BYD also designed the booth of full-scene digital key, full-scene intelligent voice, game car, outdoor camping karaoke and vehicle-mounted drone to comprehensively demonstrate its practice and exploration in the intelligent cockpit.

　　BYD’s smart entry includes Bluetooth key, NFC digital key and UWB digital key. What many people don’t know is that BYD is actually the first automobile brand in China to launch UWB digital key. At present, it has covered three brands, namely Apple, Samsung and vivo, and supports wearable devices. At the scene, BYD brought a brand-new palm key. This palm key can quickly and conveniently complete the information entry into a biological key by recording the palm vein data of the driver and passenger. It is used in the same way as the "palm payment" just launched by WeChat. You can quickly open and close the car lock with your palm facing the B-pillar.

　　BYD’s full-scene intelligent voice wake-up response time is short, only 300ms is needed, and the operational function station has 100% coverage of 1000+ core vehicle control functions. In our experience car, it also brings two new functions: one is the multi-car communication function, which establishes point-to-point vehicle contact through VIN in advance, and the two cars can send instant messages or information flow through voice; The second is the travel assistant function under the blessing of AI. As long as you tell the purpose of the trip, the system will automatically help you recommend all the trips, road conditions, hotels and accommodation that are accurate to the minute.

　　With the increasing computing power of on-board chips, it is nothing new to play racing games in the car. However, BYD has also upgraded the game experience in the car. Its game customization steering wheel adopts decoupling column, and the steering column is disconnected during the game. The tires do not follow the movement, and the vehicle will not run, which can ensure the safety of users during the game. In addition to racing, leisure and entertainment, action adventure, cultivation and chess games will also be launched one after another.

　　The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) on a concept car promo many years ago has finally landed. This UAV system, which is loaded on the roof of Wangwang U8 and customized by BYD and DJI, consists of a hangar assembly, an UAV, a flying battery, a remote sensing module, a remote control handle and an onboard flight control APP.

　　The most amazing thing is undoubtedly the UAV hangar, which can automatically replace and charge the battery before and after takeoff. When taking off and landing, the apron can be lifted automatically without manual assistance.

　　Intelligent Drive

　　Intelligent driving is also the highlight of this intelligent experience. BYD has deeply integrated the high-order intelligent driving assistance system of the Eye of God on Tengshi N7, and the hardware, software and algorithm of the full-scene intelligent driving system of the Eye of God are all developed by BYD.

　　On the Tengshi N7 that we experienced, the system uses intelligent driving sensors such as two ultra-long-range high-precision laser radars placed on the bumper of the vehicle, ultra-high-definition cameras surrounding the vehicle body and millimeter-wave radar to fuse the state data of the vehicle to make comprehensive decisions. Covers two major usage scenarios: high-speed/urban NOA and full-scene intelligent parking.

　　This NOA can complete driving tasks such as going up and down the ramp, actively overtaking, lane keeping and cruising at high speed; Driving tasks such as intersection traffic, traffic light traffic, overtaking, intelligent obstacle avoidance, merging, lane keeping, cruise driving, lane switching, and courtesy of pedestrians and non-motor vehicles are realized in the urban area.

　　BYD opened the intelligent driving experience of NOA in the city directly around the BYD factory in Pingshan. In the range of high-speed and expressway covered by functions, NOA in urban areas can realize the intelligent driving assistance function of following navigation and completing the automatic driving assistance task from the starting point to the end point. When entering the road section covered with high-precision maps, you can enter NOA by manually pulling the paddle behind the steering wheel.

　　This system is based on lidar+high-precision map, and it is not allowed to open the road section function. In addition, it should be noted that under the current technical level and the requirements of laws and regulations, any kind of intelligent driving is only an aid, and the driver can not completely let the system go, and still needs to put his hand on the steering wheel.

　　The dashboard shows the surrounding road conditions accurately, and the surrounding traffic participants, lanes and traffic lights will be displayed.

　　In the face of a relatively smooth expressway, it shows a very mature route planning and the ability to grasp the timing of getting on and off the road, and it is easy to overtake, change lanes and avoid obstacles. In the case of construction on the road ahead, it will also inform you in advance and drive out of the construction lane as soon as possible, and there is nothing wrong with the overall performance. According to the information of the map, the system will also intelligently choose the lane change opportunity according to the current road conditions when it senses that there is lane confluence ahead.

　　The overall style of this system is almost the same as that of similar products, but its strategy will be more conservative and safety first. Encountering pedestrians and two-wheeled vehicles in zebra crossings or lanes, the vehicle stops to yield to pedestrians and two-wheeled vehicles, the threshold is very low, and there will be almost no adventure game action.

　　It has not obvious ability to play with the surrounding cars, but the logic of the system is actually safety first. There is a lateral traffic jam in front of it, and the system will take the initiative to make a small deviation to the other side, or simply stop the brakes to actively keep a safe distance, but there will never be the action of borrowing the lane next to it, and the tires will never press on the painted line of the road all the time.

　　On busy road sections, in the face of crowded congested roads and other drivers who are not so disciplined, the system will be very timid, and it will appear that braking will be frequent in the car, and the car will be hesitant.

　　Urban areas will inevitably encounter all kinds of traffic lights. The system can identify the standard traffic lights and the current changes of traffic lights. In the face of traffic lights, you don’t have to consider the problem of stopping and starting at all, and the whole process is automatically solved. As for the road, even if the intersection is not horizontal and vertical, it can accurately drive into the corresponding lane. When the green light in the left-turn lane meets the green light in the opposite straight lane, the system will completely turn left according to the traffic conditions of the surrounding vehicles, and try its best to drive into the leftmost lane, and abide by the traffic regulations more than ordinary drivers.

　　Full-scene intelligent parking

　　Easy Sifang parking is a combination of easy Sifang technology and intelligent driving parking technology on the basis of vehicle intelligence. In the realizable scene, it can realize the rotation of side parking spaces around wheels and vertical parking spaces around the center of mass, adjust its strategy for different berths, make full use of every centimeter of parking space, and has two speed modes of comfort and extreme speed, which is more powerful than that of old drivers.

　　When parking sideways, we often encounter the situation that the side passages are all narrow. On-site, a link of PK side parking speed competition between people and cars was set up, and U8 equipped with easy-to-square technology can rotate around the inside front/rear wheel to park the car in the parking space with a nearly drifting action, which takes less than 30 seconds from start to parking, greatly ahead of the old driver.

　　Short-distance parking service can get off the bus, lock the car and park, stop at any time, automatically continue parking without drawing and preparation in advance, and the outdoor room can be used anytime and anywhere.

　　Driving vehicles will inevitably encounter the problem that the notice road is too narrow in the streets, parking lots or road sections with limited width. At this time, the narrow passage function can be turned on, and the system can use sensors to detect the surrounding space, helping users to realize the automatic passage of the limited width narrow passage and actively avoid obstacles. At present, the system can realize the automatic traffic limit width of 12.5cm left and right of the car body, which is the width of a rearview mirror.

　　Summary:A few years ago, BYD’s slogan "Leader of New Energy Vehicles" became a reality now. Its outstanding sales performance in the field of new energy has made BYD a new focus in the automobile market. Behind this, it is BYD’s constant overweight in technology research and development and its spare effort in technology application. In the critical period of the transformation of new energy vehicles, BYD will increase investment in all aspects of vehicle intelligence, and strive to continue to be the "leader" in the future competition with full-stack self-research.

　　According to the technology accumulation concept of BYD’s "technology fish pond", some projects of BYD’s intelligent block that we punched in this time are actually just an overview of BYD’s intelligent technology and the tip of the iceberg. What kind of "black technology" will BYD surprise us in the future?

　　>>>>

　　By Daming

In recent years, the fallacy that Japanese cars are unsafe, not durable, and will be scrapped as soon as they reach the fixed number of years has gradually ceased. Thanks to the spread of some fair media, and the general public’s understanding of cars is becoming more and more mature, many people have recognized the proper position of Japanese cars.

However, this is only a part of the fact. For some unspeakable reasons, some media still attack Japanese with simple and rude country differences, probably to improve their credibility, and put forward a statement that the product design concept is different. Under the cover of the seemingly reasonable Zhihu style, it is a generalization of the facts and an inducement to consumers.

Below, let the author extract an argument full of nonsense published by a car repair company, and let us refute it one by one happily:

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For example, this passage:

"In the eyes of Germans, leather is a good thing and durable, and German engineers are proud to be able to design products that can not be used badly. Mercedes-Benz E-class taxis eliminated in Germany have been transported to Africa to continue to be taxis, and many of them are still in service after running over 1 million kilometers. Mercedes-Benz has also announced that anyone with an old Mercedes-Benz with a length of more than 1 million km can get a new car for him free of charge, which is the manufacturer’s confidence in product quality. "

"In the Japanese, what would they do? Most of them think it is unnecessary to design such a durable product. The private car runs to 1 million km, and I estimate that it will be 80 years old, so Japanese engineers will investigate the frequency of changing cars in advance (in Japan, the average car change is 3-4 years, and the second buyer usually drives for 2-3 years), and then design the life of the product according to this usage data, so the effective vitality of 150,000-200,000 km is usually selected as the design goal. "

According to the meaning of this text, Japanese cars are usually 150,000 to 200,000 kilometers as effective vitality. But what is the truth?

We selected the report made by American Consumer Reports in 2016, that is, those models that are most likely to run more than 320,000 kilometers. They have 10 models, namely, Accord, Camry, Civic, Corolla, Toyota Senna, Honda Odyssey, Prius, CRV, 4Runner and Ford F150. (See: http://www.consumerreports.org/car-reliability/10-best-cars-to-get-to-200000-miles-and-beyond/).

That’s strange. According to this text, German cars are the best ones to run long distances, and the effective vitality of Japanese cars is 150,000 to 200,000 kilometers. Why is it that almost all the models that are most likely to run more than 320,000 kilometers in the United States are taken over by the Japanese, and there is no German department?

Of course, speaking of which, it is estimated that there are still people who are not convinced that Americans deliberately black Germans. Then let’s see what the Germans themselves say.

We found the report of TüV reports, a TV organization, which is Germany’s own quality inspection center. They reported the failure rate of various models in Germany. In order to reflect the reliability of long mileage of vehicles, we directly choose the models of 8-9 years and 10-11 years in their 2015 report. Because the list is too long, we only chose the top 10 models.

According to the Germans’ own reports, only three German cars ranked in the top 10 in 8~9 years, but in 10~11 years, only two cars were left, and the mileage of these top 10 German cars was almost the lowest. You know that the sales of Japanese cars in Germany are very small, which is simply a naked slap in the face of the German who specializes in German car racing and is praised by him in every way?

Maybe those German cars that are full of problems when they are less than 100,000 kilometers will suddenly bloom when they reach 200,000 kilometers, and then they will be young again?

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Next, look at this even more jaw-dropping:

"[Difference 4: What should I do if I encounter technical problems? 】

German, overlord hard bow; Japanese, good at opportunism. "

"This is a very popular metaphor, so simple that no one believes that they will fill the pit. In fact, the real scene is very complicated. In addition, German engineers regard "bullying hard" to solve problems as heroes and despise detours as "cleverness", so there will be so many technological achievements in Germany that are difficult to surpass. "

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When I saw such a passage, the author couldn’t help laughing.

We all know the mass discharge door, which is probably the mouth of this author.The best "insurmountable technical achievement" of "German school, overlord is hard to bow"

What’s the matter with the emission gate? The United States has set strict standards for the emission of nitrogen oxides from diesel vehicles, and those that fail to meet them are not allowed to be sold in North America. Therefore, the German Volkswagen Group adopted the so-called "overlord is hard to bow"：When the vehicle enters the inspection, a software is started to reduce the emission, and once it enters the actual use, the software is closed, and the emission in the actual use is 40 times higher than that in the inspection. This German "insurmountable technological achievement",It was smashed out by Americans in 2015. Anyone with a discerning eye can see what strategy the German Department has adopted in the face of this technical problem of strict emission requirements.

As for the Japanese, on this difficult problem of low fuel consumption, low emissions and certain performance, the strategy adopted is very simple. It is neither overbearing nor opportunistic, but it is another way to completely abandon diesel vehicles in North America and go directly to hybrid power. The actual situation is that Japanese hybrids account for more than 70% of North America, and only a slightly scaled Ford hybrid still uses Toyota-licensed technology.

The above is just a fallacy that non-professionals can easily test. As for other professional rhetoric, I won’t list them here.

That’s not all. The owner who specializes in German cars added a continuation after a nonsense in order to praise how good German cars are. Why do you want to continue? Because his previous words were almost scolded miserably, and the dog’s blood was dripping on his head. So I feel I need to defend myself.

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? First of all, his defense is that German cars made in China are not German cars, but German cars are.

"I have to say that the definition of German products in my heart is narrow. The original German manufacturing and the imported CKD assembly products in the early years are the German goods in my mind. "

This excuse is feeble, because the American consumer report quoted by the author and the results of the German quality inspection agency are all for authentic German cars. How can we explain that the authentic German-made products are not as reliable as Japanese cars in both American and German reports?

? This German car fan has thrown out another theory:

"On the contrary, German cars are dignified, technology is a barrier, and the requirements for building cars are high, and the requirements for repairing cars are high."

Sorry, in the eyes of any professional, an industrial product should be easy to maintain. All industrial products produced on a large scale must take "maintainability" as an important design index. If it cannot be done, it means that there is something wrong with the design ability.

? Then there is another reason for this advocate who advocates everyone to buy German cars, that is,

The best answer is to go to the streets of Germany to see the proportion of cars with 500 thousand km and 20 years old.

The author wants to say, come on, is it strange that there are 500 thousand KM cars on the streets of Germany? What’s the ratio? Can you say the number? This unconvincing argument proves nothing. Why don’t you go to the streets of the United States and see the proportion of cars with 500 thousand KM and 20 years old?

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? This is endless. The author of this text has another theory, which is ~ ~ ~

"Domestic German cars have many shortcomings, while domestic Japanese cars have maintained most of their advantages."

I want to say, put your face over, promise not to hit you, and let BMW hit you in the face.

? The following is a statement from BMW officials:

"In BMW’s dictionary, there is no such word as MADE IN GERMANY. Maybe in other brands, it is considered that made in Germany is worth promoting, but not here. We only have MADE BY BMW and made by BMW."

　　We only have MADE BY BMW

Next, the author of this text also argued irrationally that many German cars burned engine oil on the road conditions, oil products and driving habits in China. That’s strange. Your manufacturer plans to sell cars to a certain area, don’t you consider the local road conditions and oil products? When it comes to road conditions and oil products, how many countries can compare with the United States? Let’s see if German cars in America burn engine oil.

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The following chart shows the list of engine oil burning models surveyed by the US Consumer Report in 2015, to see who is burning the engine oil badly.

In this 2015 survey, the only Japanese car that burns engine oil is the one that uses horizontally opposed engine. Almost all the others were occupied by German cars. What reason does the author of this text have to say that it is oil and road conditions?

Why?

　　ps

There are still many contents of the author of this text, so I won’t refute them one by one here.

When it comes to the end, under the fallacy of the whole article, the mechanic finally said a correct sentence in his text, that is

Gossip ends with the wise.

Now all kinds of rumors that Japanese cars are unsafe and not durable have long been abandoned in the trash by wise people. Even those foolish men and women will continue to believe the nonsense about German cars being heavy and leather. Of course, the German mechanic’s whole lie has also been abandoned by the wise.

At the end of the summary, I don’t intend to explain the original text and source of this lie in detail, because such nonsense deserves to be ruthlessly swept into the garbage dump of history, rather than being turned out to make it grandstand.

　　The content of this article only represents the author’s personal views.

　　Has nothing to do with the work unit it represents.

　　If you have a grievance, you have a debt. Please find two weeks for your comments.

　　Daming

　　Brain-dead car powder from the communication industry,

　　Powder cars, powder electric cars, powder machines that bring speed and passion,

　　I like them who can help us accomplish the impossible task.

　　I like to study the principle of cars,

　　Both engines, gearboxes, motors and fuel cells.

　　Amateurs have no hobbies, only cars!

　　Speed weekly

　　Micro signal: SpeedWeekly

　　Cars, And the micro-community of speed addicts

　　admire

　　Appreciate

　　　　　　There are old people and children at home who can’t operate the mobile phone. At this time, we can add the health code of the old people and children to our own books. The following small series introduces the relevant steps for everyone, so don’t miss it for those who need it!

　　　　　　 How to add a family health code to WeChat? Step tutorial for adding family health code in WeChat

　　　　　　1. Open the health code page of the mobile phone. When you slide down, you can see that there is a generation collar. Click on the generation collar.

　　　　　　2. Click on the generation to enter the next page, and we will click Add.

　　　　　　3. Then we enter the family name, ID number and affiliation (children, spouse, parents) respectively.

　　　　　　4. Click on the camera to upload the applicant’s ID card photo or household registration book, which must be clear, otherwise the upload will fail. Click confirm to add after shooting.

　　　　　　5. If the application is successful, such an interface will be displayed. Click it and the applicant’s health code will appear. If you want to add it again, repeat the above steps.

First, the role of exercise in health preservation

Chinese medicine calls essence, qi and spirit "three treasures", which are closely related to human life. Exercise and health preservation firmly grasp these three links, and adjust consciousness to nourish the mind; Lead qi with intention, adjust breathing to practice qi, promote blood circulation with qi, and flow around the whole body; Through the movement of the body, bones and joints, the meridians of the whole body are unblocked and the whole body is nourished. If so, the body has both form and spirit, the pulse is smooth, the inside and outside are in harmony, and the viscera are in harmony, so that the body can reach the state of "yin and yang are secret", thus improving the health of the body and maintaining vigorous vitality.

Modern scientific research has proved that regular and moderate exercise has the following benefits to the body:

1. It can promote blood circulation, improve the nutritional status of the brain, promote the metabolism of brain cells, and give full play to the functions of the brain, thus benefiting the health of the nervous system and helping to maintain exuberant emotion and stable mood.

2, make the myocardium developed, contract strongly, promote blood circulation, enhance the vitality of the heart and the respiratory function of the lungs, and improve the peripheral circulation.

3, increase the strength of diaphragm and abdominal muscles, promote gastrointestinal peristalsis, prevent food from staying in the digestive tract, and facilitate digestion and absorption.

4. It can promote and improve the blood circulation of internal organs, which is beneficial to the physiological functions of organs.

5, can improve the immune function and endocrine function of the body, thus making the vitality of the human body more vigorous.

6, enhance the vitality of muscle joints, make people move flexibly and lightly, and react quickly and quickly.

Second, the characteristics of exercise health

The characteristics of traditional exercise regimen can be summarized as follows:

(A) to guide the fitness exercise with the theory of traditional Chinese medicine

No matter what kind of traditional body posture, it is based on the theories of Yin and Yang, viscera, qi and blood, meridians and other aspects of traditional Chinese medicine, with nourishing essence, practicing qi and regulating the mind as the basic points of exercise, taking dynamic form as the basic form of exercise, and using Yin and Yang theory to guide the virtual, real, dynamic and static movements; Use the opening and closing lifting to guide the flexion, extension and pitching of the movement; Explain the coordination and unity of form, spirit, qi, blood, exterior and interior in exercise and fitness with the overall concept. Therefore, every move of fitness exercise is closely related to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine.

(2) Pay attention to the harmony and unity of intentional defense, pranayama and verb-form.

Emphasize the coordination of mind, breathing and body movement, that is, the so-called unity of intention, pranayama and movement. Intention refers to concentration; Pranayama refers to respiratory regulation; Dynamic form refers to the movement of the body, and unity refers to the harmonious cooperation among the three. It is necessary to achieve the consistency of form and spirit, the harmony between form and qi, and the harmony between form and qi, so that the movement and quietness are appropriate, so as to play the role of health and fitness.

(3) integrating guidance, qigong, martial arts and medical science.

The traditional exercise regimen is the crystallization of the wisdom of the working people in China. For thousands of years, people have summed up a lot of valuable experience in health care practice, which has continuously enriched and developed sports health care and formed a health care method with Chinese characteristics that integrates guidance, qigong, martial arts and medicine. The techniques derived from guiding Qigong include: Wuqinxi, Baduanjin, etc. Martial arts achievements such as Tai Ji Chuan and Taiji Sword. No matter what kind of exercises, they all emphasize pranayama, intentional defense and dynamic shape, and all aim at unblocking qi and blood meridians, activating bones and muscles, and regulating viscera. Integrating the strengths of various families is a major feature of exercise health preservation.

Third, the principle of exercise regimen

The reason why the traditional exercise regimen in China can keep fit, cure diseases and prolong life is because it has a set of systematic theories, principles and methods, which pay attention to and emphasize the coordination and unity inside and outside the body, harmony and moderation. There are three principles:

(A) to master the essentials of exercise regimen

The practice essentials of traditional sports health preservation are the unity of intentional defense, pranayama and dynamic shape. Among these three aspects, the most important thing is to be intentional. Only by focusing on the spirit can we calm down, breathe evenly and guide the circulation of qi and blood. The relationship between the three is: to lead the gas with meaning, and to be aerodynamic.

(B) Emphasis on moderation, not excessive.

Exercise health is to achieve the purpose of fitness through exercise, so we should pay attention to mastering the amount of exercise. If the amount of exercise is too small, it will not achieve the purpose of exercise and will not play a role in fitness; If it is too big, it will exceed the tolerance limit of the body, but it will damage the body due to overwork. Sun Simiao pointed out in "A Thousand Daughters’ Prescription": "The way to cultivate one’s nature is always to work hard, but it’s hard to be exhausted and strong." Therefore, exercise and fitness emphasize the right amount of exercise, step by step, and don’t rush for success.

(C) advocate perseverance, perseverance

Exercise is not a one-off event, it should be frequent and uninterrupted. On the one hand, the phrase "flowing water does not rot, and the hinge does not moth" explains the truth that "moving does not decay", on the other hand, it also emphasizes the importance of frequent and uninterrupted flow, so that the water can not rot and the hinge can not be moth-eaten. Only by perseverance and perseverance can we get the fitness effect. Exercise is not only physical exercise, but also the exercise of will and perseverance.

The traditional exercise regimen has the same form and many kinds, including one stroke and one type of exercise method, and also a combination of competitive exercise methods; There are fitness methods to form folk customs; There are also self-contained fitness methods. There are two forms of exercise regimen:

First, various forms of folk fitness law

Most of these fitness methods are scattered among the people, with simple methods, simple equipment and interesting activities. Such as: less exercise, easy and gentle walking, outing, swinging, flying kites, kicking shuttlecock, health balls, etc.; Skipping rope, climbing, horse racing, archery, lifting stone locks and so on with moderate exercise.

China is a multi-ethnic country, and each ethnic group has its own customs and traditions. Among them, mass activities aimed at sports and fitness are fitness methods with national characteristics. Such as tug-of-war, dragon boat race, wrestling, horse racing, seesaw, stilt walking, dragon lantern dancing, roller boating and various dances, etc., belong to this category.

Second, the systematic fitness method with its own routines

This kind of exercise and fitness method is often based on the folk fitness method. Under the guidance of a certain theory, it has a purpose, specific requirements and needs to be learned and trained to master. Because it has a series of continuous movements, it can make all parts of the human body get a more comprehensive and systematic exercise, which is a higher level of fitness exercise in the traditional exercise regimen. The genre of sports health preservation mainly refers to the self-contained fitness method.

Most of these fitness exercises originated from Taoism and Buddhism, and have been enriched and developed from generation to generation, thus forming various schools. Briefly as follows:

(A) Taoist bodybuilding

The theory of Taoist body-building originated from Laozi and Zhuangzi, and advocated to nourish qi in order to improve life ability, put forward "guidance" and "shape cultivation", and emphasized the viewpoint of practicing qi to preserve health. Representative Taoist body-building exercises, such as Hua Tuo’s "Five Birds Play", Mawangdui’s "Guide Map" Fetal Breathing Sutra, Baduanjin and Tai Ji Chuan, all belong to this category.

(B) Buddhist fitness

Buddhist body-building originated from meditation. In order to ensure the smooth progress of "meditation", it is necessary to take some measures to exercise bones and muscles and dredge blood vessels. As a result, the Buddhist body-building techniques have gradually formed, which are representative of Dharma Yijinjing, Tianzhu massage, Mind Boxing, Luohan Eighteen Hands, Shaolin Boxing, Zen Secret Skill and so on.

There are two main cradles of China Wushu. One is Zhongyue Songshan, which is the excavation site of Zen Buddhism and Shaolin Wushu. One is Wudang Mountain in Hubei, the birthplace of Taoism and wu-tang clan Wushu. Therefore, in terms of religion, there is a difference between Taoism and Buddhism, and in terms of martial arts, there is a difference between Shaolin and Wudang. Although Wushu is a technique of attack and self-defense, its excellent achievement is aimed at fitness. To learn Wushu, the first thing is to strengthen the body, so no matter what kind of martial arts and schools, we should focus on fitness.

Baduanjin qigong/eight-section brocade

Baduanjin is a fitness technique composed of eight different movements, hence its name "Baduanjin". Because this kind of fitness exercise can strengthen the body and prolong life, and get rid of diseases, its effect is very good, just like showing people a colorful brocade, so it is called "brocade".

Baduanjin is a popular fitness technique in China, which has a history of more than 800 years according to relevant documents. As early as the Southern Song Dynasty, there was a monograph on Ba Duan Jin. Pan Xia in the Qing Dynasty adapted the Eight-section Brocade into "Twelve-section Brocade" in his Health Requirements. In addition, there are different forms such as "Wen Ba Duan" (sitting) and "Wu Ba Duan" (vertical). In order to facilitate the spread, some people have compiled it into songs. Because Baduanjin is not limited by the environment, it can be done at any time and place, its operation is simple and easy to remember and learn, its exercise is moderate, it is suitable for all ages, and its effect of strengthening body and prolonging life is remarkable, so it has been passed down to this day.

First, the mechanism of health preservation

Baduanjin is a kind of ancient guiding method, which is a fitness method combining physical activity with breathing exercise. Moving limbs can stretch bones and muscles and dredge meridians; Combined with breathing, it is feasible to invigorate the circulation of qi and blood, protect the health and mediate the qi movement. Regular practice of Baduanjin can play a role in health care, disease prevention and treatment.

The health-preserving effect of Baduanjin on human body can be seen from its melody. For example, "two hands holding the triple energizer" means that the action of holding the sky with both hands is beneficial to conditioning the triple energizer function. Holding the sky with both hands, stretching the whole body, accompanied by deep breathing, one is helpful for the movement of the triple energizer, and the other is helpful for massaging and regulating the internal organs, which has the effects of dredging meridians, regulating qi and blood, and nourishing the internal organs. At the same time, it also has a good effect on the back and bones. Others, such as "regulating the spleen and stomach, raising your hand" and "shaking your head and wagging your tail to get rid of heart fire", all achieve the purpose of health preservation by promoting qi and blood and relaxing muscles and bones. Each section of Baduanjin has the key points of exercise. Taken together, it exercises the five senses, head and neck, trunk, limbs, waist, abdomen and other parts of the whole body, and plays a role in health care and conditioning the corresponding internal organs, qi and blood, meridians and collaterals. It is a comprehensive body-building exercise method for the body.

Second, the practice essentials

(1) Breathe evenly: breathe naturally, smoothly and abdomen.

(2) Abide by the abdomen: relax and focus on the navel.

(3) Combination of softness and rigidity: the whole body is relaxed, and the force is gentle, and the stiff force must not be used.

Baduanjin is a fitness method that includes eight coherent sections, and the specific contents are as follows:

Hands hold the triple energizer;

Opening the bow left and right is like shooting an eagle;

Regulating the spleen and stomach requires a single lift;

Look back after five pains and seven injuries;

Shake your head and wag your tail to get rid of your heart;

Climb your feet with both hands to strengthen your kidney and waist;

Save your fist and glare to increase your strength;

Behind it, everything goes wrong.

(Jiao Zhihong, deputy chief physician of Beijing Fengtai Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, authorized to publish on this website)

On March 13th, Haier Global Brand Summit with the theme of "Haier Smart Family Customizing a Better Life" was held in Shanghai World Expo Center. At the meeting, Haier made a brand-new appearance with its smart suites of Haier, casarte, Commander-in-Chief, GE, AQUA, Fisher & Paykel and Candy7, and released a full-scene solution for smart families. "Entering the 4.0 era: active intelligence" has become the focus of the industry.

The famous host Yang Lan presided over the summit.

7 major brands

Haier’s global smart family made a new appearance.

It is understood that the summit attracted more than 2,600 guests, including more than 1,200 customers in China, more than 400 overseas customers, more than 200 overseas employees and more than 200 investors, and was the largest brand launch conference of Haier in recent years.

Conference site

At the press conference, Yip Wong, vice president of Haier Household Appliances Industry Group and general manager of Smart Suite, first introduced the experience upgrade that Haier Smart Family will bring to users in 2019, and then three smart family suites of Haier Pinzhi+,casarte conductor and commander L. TWO were released in turn. The three brand new product suites have different styles, features and price points, which meet the needs of quality, high-end and young people respectively, and will be listed in 2019.

Haier Pinzhi+Suite features the whole house intelligent scene, and all the network devices cooperate in parallel to provide active intelligent services. The design and function of the commander-in-chief L.TWO tend to be young and fashionable, and the appearance adopts the flat design that young people like, and the products are simple, and the functions of fast networking, remote control and voice control are strengthened. Casarte conductor suit is a "leading soldier" suit for high-end users. With its artistic style, professional quality, intelligent experience and integrated design, this set of products meets the smart life needs of high-end users under the consumption upgrade. The suit also includes subversive smart items such as the "fusion" of the world’s first fiber washing and nursing machine and the F+ full-space fresh-keeping refrigerator to solve the four major problems in the industry.

Haier, casarte, Commander-in-Chief, GE, AQUA, Fisher & Paykel, Candy7 brand wisdom sets made a new appearance.

In addition to the latest three brands, the smart home achievements of other four brands of Haier have also appeared simultaneously. In the North American market, GE Appliances launched the "North American Edition" CAF, MONOGRAM and PROFILE3 series of smart kitchen appliances; In Japan, AQUA aims at the disadvantages of local coin-operated washing machines, and develops high-end community washing smart products with information visualization to achieve staff reduction and efficiency improvement; In New Zealand, Fisher & Paykel, a national treasure brand, focused on the social attributes of kitchens and launched smart products such as ActiveSmart refrigerators and ActiveVent embedded ovens. In Italy, Candy launched a series of ovens such as smartsteam for the smart kitchen appliance market, and plans to make 80% of the products into connected home appliances by 2020.

Three advantages

Haier leads the development of smart families.

According to reports, as early as 2006, Haier began to lay out the Internet of Things with U-home, committed to "being outside, home is around, and when you get home, the world is in front of you"; After nearly 8 years of exploration, Haier took the lead in releasing the world’s first U+ smart life platform in 2014 when the industry was still in its infancy; When the industry’s intelligence is still in the concept, in 2015, Haier released seven categories of network products based on U+; When the industry began to flood into the field of smart single products, in 2016, Haier released seven ecological circles including air, water and food; When the smart speakers in the industry broke out, in 2017, Haier launched the first fully interconnected smart home appliances; In 2018, Haier released the first "4+7+N" full-scene customized smart package to realize complete, interconnected and active services for the whole house. Today, enterprises in the industry began to lay out complete sets of wisdom, and Haier not only achieved complete sets of wisdom, but also realized complete sets of wisdom of multi-brands.

Liang Haishan, Vice Chairman and CEO of Haier Group’s Board of Directors

Compared with other smart home solutions in the industry, "complete set, customization and wisdom" are the three major differences between Haier smart home and the industry.

First of all, in terms of complete sets, the industry mainly lays out single items or partial complete sets, and Haier is the only one that can realize one-stop complete sets of all categories, including seven big house solutions in four physical spaces, and has seven brands of smart home set products, and different brands can cooperate to meet all kinds of smart needs of global users’ home space underwear, food, shelter and entertainment.

Secondly, in terms of customization, most industries sell "standard products", while Haier is the only brand that can realize personalized customization of products, solutions and lifestyles. Moreover, Haier Smart Family can also customize smart scenes according to users’ living habits and continuously upgrade them. In other words, Haier’s smart family can be customized from hardware to food, clothing, housing and entertainment lifestyle.

Finally, in terms of wisdom, at present, the smart home industry is still in the stage of intelligent connection and passive control, which brings convenience to consumers. On the basis of connection and control, Haier Smart Home has achieved three unique breakthroughs: all internet devices can be interconnected, actively serve and interact with each other.

Li Huagang, Vice President of Haier Group and Chief Marketing Officer of China District

Active intelligence

Haier enters Smart Home 4.0

At the press conference, Haier also demonstrated some new achievements of seven ecological circles, including security, washing and air. Taking the washing guard ring as an example, Haier Clothing Network has absorbed more than 4,800 resources to build a management platform for the whole life cycle of clothes, providing users with intelligent solutions for washing, protecting, storing, riding and purchasing the whole life cycle. In addition, in the Internet of Food, Xin Kitchen Refrigerator, as a "health consultant", integrates more than 200 resources in seven categories, including food, entertainment, farms and nutritionists, and meets the needs of users in the whole process of purchasing, storage, cooking, cleaning and health management in one stop. For example, users can place more than 20 kinds of organic agricultural products in Duoli Farm through the refrigerator, realizing one-click ordering and tracking distribution information.

It is understood that at present, the "ecology" of the smart home industry is mostly hardware connection ecology, focusing on interconnection. Haier has surpassed the hardware Unicom and took the lead in creating an end-to-end "resource ecology", that is, providing users with one-stop life services through the end-to-end connection of users to ecological resources.

Zhao Feng, CTO and Vice President of Haier Household Appliances Industry Group

As can be seen at the press conference, the smart speaker can control all smart home appliances in one sentence, the air conditioner can self-perceive and self-judge the environmental state, and adjust the appropriate temperature and humidity for the owner. The refrigerator can recommend healthy recipes according to the user’s living habits, and directly connect to the oven, range hood and disinfection cabinet to realize one-button baking, smoke stove linkage, automatic disinfection and so on. Haier’s smart home is creating an ecological brand with the user’s lifestyle as the core, which Haier calls the 4.0 era of smart home: active intelligence.

From the single product intelligence of 1.0 to the interconnected intelligence of 2.0, to the interactive intelligence of 3.0, and now to the active intelligence of 4.0, Haier once again raised the standard of smart home industry at this summit. This has also become the focus of discussion among many industry people at the venue.

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    Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, March 5th, by topic:Building a dream with one heart and rallying the strength to forge ahead —— Scanning the first "representative channel" of the Second Session of the 14th National People’s Congress

    Xinhua News Agency reporters Wu Yu, Huang Yao and Feng Jiashun

    Carrying a lot of expectations, we will go to the grand event of spring together.

    At 8 o’clock in the morning on the 5th, the first "representative channel" of the Second Session of the 14th National People’s Congress opened on the north side of the Central Hall of the Great Hall of the People.

    This year marks the 75th anniversary of the founding of People’s Republic of China (PRC), which is a crucial year to realize the objectives and tasks of the 14th Five-Year Plan. Six NPC deputies faced Chinese and foreign journalists, shared stories about chasing dreams, talked about their aspirations in performing their duties and conveyed their confidence.

    Yin Tongyue, Chairman of Chery Holding Group, was the first to walk on the channel and share his experience of China’s automobile industry from weak to strong.

    Yin Tongyue recalled that when Chery started its business, it lacked funds, technology and talents, and the automobile market in China was basically monopolized by foreign capital or joint venture brands. After years of hard work and innovation, China has become the world’s largest automobile exporter.

    In 2023, China’s automobile production and sales exceeded 30 million vehicles, with an export of about 5 million vehicles, of which Chery exported nearly 1 million vehicles.

    Yin Tongyue said that China Automobile will continue to increase investment in R&D and brand building, adding luster to "Made in China", "Created in China" and "China Brand".

    As a "light chaser", Gao Jifan, the chairman of Trina Solar Co., Ltd., witnessed the development and growth of another industry, the photovoltaic industry.

    "I have no regrets about the choice at that time." Behind Gao Jifan’s firm words, China’s photovoltaic industry has developed from "three heads outside" in technology, market and equipment to leading the world in market scale, technical level, manufacturing and industrial chain perfection.

    This technology entrepreneur deeply realized that the road to technological innovation has to go through many hardships. Only by firmly grasping innovation and not relaxing can we reap the joy of "the other mountains all appear dwarfs under the sky.".

    Facing multiple challenges in the future, Gao Jifan has a clear attitude: unswervingly carry out independent innovation and strive to be a pathfinder for the high-quality development of photovoltaic industry in China.

    Also persistent in pursuing dreams is the representative of He Yuling from Anyang Workstation, Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.

    Yin Ruins are the hometown of Oracle Bone Inscriptions and the birthplace of Chinese characters. "The Chinese characters represented by Oracle Bone Inscriptions are the common blood of our Chinese sons and daughters, and they are also an important support for the formation and development of our Chinese nation." He Yuling said proudly.

    He Yuling, who has worked in archaeology for more than 20 years, believes that archaeologists solve the mystery of the ancients like detectives. In the passage, he vividly told the story that he and his colleagues excavated the "Yachang" Niu Zun, which is the only bull-shaped bronze container found in Yin Ruins so far. They also set up expert teams in different fields such as human bones, animals, plants, metallurgy and cultural protection. After years of hard work, they uncovered the mystery that was unknown more than 3,000 years ago.

    He Yuling gave an invitation to the new archaeological discoveries of Yin Ruins in recent years: the new Yin Ruins Museum has been completed and opened, with an exhibition area of 22,000 square meters showing nearly 4,000 pieces of cultural relics. Welcome to visit.

    Chinese cultural treasures have drawn generations of cultural relics workers to seek up and down and make unremitting progress.

    The representative of Hangkan, president of Yungang Research Institute, who has been paying attention to the weathering problem of grottoes, described a special "operation" when entering Cave 39-when climbing to the top floor, the staff would take off their helmets and crouch on the scaffolding for fear of touching the top of the weathered pastry layer by layer.

    "The party and the state attach great importance to the protection of Yungang Grottoes." Hang Kan said that after decades of hard work, the reinforcement of dangerous rock mass has come to an end, and the protection task now has not been alleviated. It is necessary to increase investment in science and technology. They will continue to exert their efforts in the protection, research, exhibition and utilization of Yungang Grottoes, do a good job in the intergenerational inheritance of cultural heritage, and let more people feel the charm of traditional culture.

    The example illuminates the initial heart and strives to achieve the dream.

    As a fighter pilot, representative Gao Zhongqiang, deputy chief of staff of a brigade of the Air Force Aviation, shared his feelings about flying J -20 fighters with his comrades and escorting the remains of Chinese people’s Volunteer Army martyrs back to China.

    "The ancestors fought for the peace of the mountains and rivers and the peace of the country. Today’s happiness is hard-won. This has deepened my reverence and grief for my ancestors and inspired us to dare to fight bayonets in the air at any time. " Gao Zhongqiang said that young officers and men in the new era are capable, responsible, passionate and motivated, and always integrate their youth and dreams into the cause of strengthening the army in the new era.

    As the second year of NPC deputies performing their duties according to law, Liu Chuanjian, chief pilot of China Civil Aviation Flight Academy, brought two suggestions: speeding up the training of civil aviation talents and improving the operation rules of drones. He said that flight safety is no small matter, and any detail is related to life.

    Liu Chuanjian said: "The four bars on the captain’s shoulder represent professionalism, knowledge, technology and responsibility respectively. It reminds me at any time and place that what I hold in my hand is not just the steering column, but the vivid life; Facing not only cold machines and equipment, but countless happy families. "

    The heartfelt wishes of the delegates and the stories of persistent struggle have condensed the powerful force of hard work and inspired people to stride forward on the new journey of promoting Chinese modernization.

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, August 25th Title: Nucleic acid certification, entrance and exit management, vaccination deployment … The countries that started school in autumn made these new adjustments.

Xinhua News Agency reporter Wang Linlin

Recently, many places in the country have announced the start time of autumn. Combined with the current national epidemic situation and the characteristics of prevention and control of infectious diseases in schools in autumn and winter, National Health Commission and the Ministry of Education recently issued the technical plan for prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic in colleges and universities, primary and secondary schools and kindergartens (the fourth edition).

Compared with the technical scheme of the third edition released before, the technical scheme of the fourth edition has been adjusted and supplemented in the requirements of returning to school, the management of entering and leaving schools, the management of campus activities, and the control of key links, and put forward clear requirements.

Colleges and universities: Teachers and students should hold negative nucleic acid test certificates within 48 hours before starting school.

In terms of returning to school, the new version requires teachers and students in colleges and universities to hold negative certificates of nucleic acid testing within 48 hours before starting school, and take personal protective measures on the way. After arriving at school, nucleic acid testing can be carried out in batches according to local prevention and control requirements. Overseas teachers, students and employees will not return to school without receiving the notice from the school, and will be managed according to the relevant policies of China when returning to school.

In terms of entering and leaving the campus, the new version of the program requires that the school gate be strictly closed, that teachers and students should strictly check their identity and temperature when entering the school, and that outsiders should also check their health codes and travel cards. Reasonably set up express delivery points, strengthen the verification, registration and management of foreign sales and distribution and express delivery personnel (including names, units, visiting departments and personnel, car numbers, etc.), and strengthen the preventive disinfection of cold chain food packaging and mail express.

The reporter found out that in combination with the recent epidemic prevention and control requirements of key units and key populations, the new version of the plan has supplemented and detailed regulations on strengthening the management of public places, canteens, dormitories and activities.

These include: "major events such as the opening ceremony of colleges and universities should be held outdoors in principle", "large-scale indoor gathering activities are not organized unless necessary" and "no outsiders are allowed in the student dormitory".

In addition, in the part of implementing health education, the new version of the program has been added: actively advocate fragmented fitness activities, work and study for 1 hour, and get up for 10 minutes; Incorporate the knowledge and skills of infectious disease prevention and control into the "first lesson" …

As for the deployment of vaccination in colleges and universities after the start of school in autumn, the new version of the plan mentions that teachers and students who have no contraindications and meet the vaccination conditions should be vaccinated with Covid-19 vaccine.

"The prevention and control of epidemic situation in the education system has its particularity. The student base is large, the crowd is dense and the space is closed. Promoting vaccination should be an important measure for the prevention and control of epidemic situation on campus." Liu Peijun, deputy director of the Department of Sports Health and Art Education of the Ministry of Education, said.

Primary and secondary schools: We should do everything we can to get Covid-19 vaccination for school-age people.

It is slightly different from the requirements of returning to school in colleges and universities. For primary and secondary schools, the new version of the plan mentions that teachers and students in low-risk areas can return to school after their health status is verified by the school to meet the requirements of local epidemic prevention and control. Teachers and students who have left the country in summer, been to high-risk areas or other special circumstances must provide negative proof of nucleic acid test within 48 hours before returning to school.

In terms of entering and leaving the school gate, the new version of the plan requires that primary and secondary schools fully control all access roads to and from the campus, implement relatively closed management of the campus, and ensure that special personnel are responsible, the regional division is reasonable, and the personnel registration and investigation records are complete. No irrelevant personnel outside the school are allowed to enter the school.

Recently, according to the overall deployment of vaccination in Covid-19, all localities are promoting Covid-19 vaccination for people aged 12 to 17 in an orderly manner. In the deployment of COVID-19 vaccination in primary and secondary schools, the new version of the plan emphasizes that we should do a good job in Covid-19 vaccination for school-age people and plan the vaccination schedule reasonably.

Wang Huaqing, chief expert of immunization program of China CDC, suggested that children and adolescents are susceptible groups in COVID-19. There are four main considerations to promote vaccination for minors: First, with the continuation of the epidemic, the prevalence rate of children in some countries with serious epidemics is rising; Second, there are some severe cases among infected children, and some children die; Third, as long as Covid-19 is infected, it is a source of infection. From the perspective of controlling the source of infection, children should also strengthen management; Fourth, the global epidemic has not been controlled, and it is an indispensable part to establish a group immune barrier, and vaccination of children and adolescents.

"At present, according to the monitoring and analysis of adverse reactions, the incidence of adverse reactions of children and adolescents vaccinated with COVID-19 vaccine is not higher than that of adults over 18 years old." Wang Huaqing said.

In the part of improving the environment, compared with the third edition of the technical scheme, the reporter found that the new edition of the scheme added provisions on the safety of school food and drinking water, emphasizing that the canteen and drinking water equipment and facilities should be thoroughly inspected, cleaned and disinfected before the school starts, and the drinking water equipment and facilities should be qualified for industry testing and monitoring to ensure the safety of drinking water. Check the safety of food raw materials in school canteens. Strengthen the preventive disinfection of cold chain food packaging and mail.

As for the management of campus activities, the new version mentioned that campus gathering activities are not necessarily held, and activities that are really necessary should be reported to the local education department for approval, so as to reduce the scale, shorten the time, control the flow of people and keep the distance.

At the same time, the school should ensure students’ physical exercise time, with one hour of physical activity inside and outside the school every day; On that day, there was no physical education class, and the school should organize students to do collective physical exercise after class.

The new version of the plan suggests that there is no middle-high risk area within the county (city, district) where the school is located, and teachers and students may not wear masks in class.

Nursery institutions: teachers and nurses should be relatively fixed, and children’s gathering activities should be strictly controlled.

The requirements for kindergartens to return to the park in the new version of the scheme are roughly the same as those in primary and secondary schools: teachers and children in low-risk areas can return to school after their health conditions meet the local epidemic prevention and control requirements after being audited by the park. Before returning from overseas, high-risk areas or other special circumstances, faculty and children must provide negative proof of nucleic acid test within 48 hours.

The prevention and control of epidemic situation in kindergartens protects young children with poor resistance. According to the characteristics of children’s age, the new version of the program requires that kindergartens implement relatively closed management in the park, and irrelevant personnel are not allowed to enter the park. Parents pick up and drop off their children in strict accordance with the pick-up and drop-off time of child care institutions, so as to prevent traffic congestion around child care institutions and crowd gathering at the gate of the park. Parents don’t enter the park when they pick up their children.

In the management of activities in the park, the new version emphasizes that teachers and nurses should be relatively fixed to reduce the flow overlap between different groups. According to the epidemic situation, national and territorial epidemic prevention and control policies, children’s gathering activities should be strictly controlled and large-scale gathering activities should not be organized.

In order to ensure the nutrition and hygiene of children’s diet, the new version of the program requires strict control of purchase channels, and raw materials such as food are purchased from formal channels to ensure traceability. Strengthen the hygienic management of food and drinking water, strictly control the quality of food, and strictly implement the inspection and record system of food purchase.

Ma Jun, a professor at Peking University Children and Adolescent Health Research Institute, suggested that autumn and winter are the high incidence seasons of respiratory infectious diseases. The difficulty of epidemic prevention in nurseries is that if children have common infectious diseases such as influenza or common cold in autumn and winter, they will also have symptoms such as fever and cough. Because these symptoms are similar to those in COVID-19, the most difficult thing is to distinguish and identify them. Therefore, improving children’s physical resistance is a very effective way to prevent and control the epidemic in nurseries.

The new version of the plan mentions that kindergartens should arrange physical exercise with appropriate content and form, outdoor activities for more than 2 hours a day, and moderate and above-intensity physical activities for children over 3 years old for at least 1 hour.