Nucleic acid certification, school entrance management, vaccination deployment … The countries that started school in autumn made these new adjustments.

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, August 25th Title: Nucleic acid certification, entrance and exit management, vaccination deployment … The countries that started school in autumn made these new adjustments.

Xinhua News Agency reporter Wang Linlin

Recently, many places in the country have announced the start time of autumn. Combined with the current national epidemic situation and the characteristics of prevention and control of infectious diseases in schools in autumn and winter, National Health Commission and the Ministry of Education recently issued the technical plan for prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic in colleges and universities, primary and secondary schools and kindergartens (the fourth edition).

Compared with the technical scheme of the third edition released before, the technical scheme of the fourth edition has been adjusted and supplemented in the requirements of returning to school, the management of entering and leaving schools, the management of campus activities, and the control of key links, and put forward clear requirements.

Colleges and universities: Teachers and students should hold negative nucleic acid test certificates within 48 hours before starting school.

In terms of returning to school, the new version requires teachers and students in colleges and universities to hold negative certificates of nucleic acid testing within 48 hours before starting school, and take personal protective measures on the way. After arriving at school, nucleic acid testing can be carried out in batches according to local prevention and control requirements. Overseas teachers, students and employees will not return to school without receiving the notice from the school, and will be managed according to the relevant policies of China when returning to school.

In terms of entering and leaving the campus, the new version of the program requires that the school gate be strictly closed, that teachers and students should strictly check their identity and temperature when entering the school, and that outsiders should also check their health codes and travel cards. Reasonably set up express delivery points, strengthen the verification, registration and management of foreign sales and distribution and express delivery personnel (including names, units, visiting departments and personnel, car numbers, etc.), and strengthen the preventive disinfection of cold chain food packaging and mail express.

The reporter found out that in combination with the recent epidemic prevention and control requirements of key units and key populations, the new version of the plan has supplemented and detailed regulations on strengthening the management of public places, canteens, dormitories and activities.

These include: "major events such as the opening ceremony of colleges and universities should be held outdoors in principle", "large-scale indoor gathering activities are not organized unless necessary" and "no outsiders are allowed in the student dormitory".

In addition, in the part of implementing health education, the new version of the program has been added: actively advocate fragmented fitness activities, work and study for 1 hour, and get up for 10 minutes; Incorporate the knowledge and skills of infectious disease prevention and control into the "first lesson" …

As for the deployment of vaccination in colleges and universities after the start of school in autumn, the new version of the plan mentions that teachers and students who have no contraindications and meet the vaccination conditions should be vaccinated with Covid-19 vaccine.

"The prevention and control of epidemic situation in the education system has its particularity. The student base is large, the crowd is dense and the space is closed. Promoting vaccination should be an important measure for the prevention and control of epidemic situation on campus." Liu Peijun, deputy director of the Department of Sports Health and Art Education of the Ministry of Education, said.

Primary and secondary schools: We should do everything we can to get Covid-19 vaccination for school-age people.

It is slightly different from the requirements of returning to school in colleges and universities. For primary and secondary schools, the new version of the plan mentions that teachers and students in low-risk areas can return to school after their health status is verified by the school to meet the requirements of local epidemic prevention and control. Teachers and students who have left the country in summer, been to high-risk areas or other special circumstances must provide negative proof of nucleic acid test within 48 hours before returning to school.

In terms of entering and leaving the school gate, the new version of the plan requires that primary and secondary schools fully control all access roads to and from the campus, implement relatively closed management of the campus, and ensure that special personnel are responsible, the regional division is reasonable, and the personnel registration and investigation records are complete. No irrelevant personnel outside the school are allowed to enter the school.

Recently, according to the overall deployment of vaccination in Covid-19, all localities are promoting Covid-19 vaccination for people aged 12 to 17 in an orderly manner. In the deployment of COVID-19 vaccination in primary and secondary schools, the new version of the plan emphasizes that we should do a good job in Covid-19 vaccination for school-age people and plan the vaccination schedule reasonably.

Wang Huaqing, chief expert of immunization program of China CDC, suggested that children and adolescents are susceptible groups in COVID-19. There are four main considerations to promote vaccination for minors: First, with the continuation of the epidemic, the prevalence rate of children in some countries with serious epidemics is rising; Second, there are some severe cases among infected children, and some children die; Third, as long as Covid-19 is infected, it is a source of infection. From the perspective of controlling the source of infection, children should also strengthen management; Fourth, the global epidemic has not been controlled, and it is an indispensable part to establish a group immune barrier, and vaccination of children and adolescents.

"At present, according to the monitoring and analysis of adverse reactions, the incidence of adverse reactions of children and adolescents vaccinated with COVID-19 vaccine is not higher than that of adults over 18 years old." Wang Huaqing said.

In the part of improving the environment, compared with the third edition of the technical scheme, the reporter found that the new edition of the scheme added provisions on the safety of school food and drinking water, emphasizing that the canteen and drinking water equipment and facilities should be thoroughly inspected, cleaned and disinfected before the school starts, and the drinking water equipment and facilities should be qualified for industry testing and monitoring to ensure the safety of drinking water. Check the safety of food raw materials in school canteens. Strengthen the preventive disinfection of cold chain food packaging and mail.

As for the management of campus activities, the new version mentioned that campus gathering activities are not necessarily held, and activities that are really necessary should be reported to the local education department for approval, so as to reduce the scale, shorten the time, control the flow of people and keep the distance.

At the same time, the school should ensure students’ physical exercise time, with one hour of physical activity inside and outside the school every day; On that day, there was no physical education class, and the school should organize students to do collective physical exercise after class.

The new version of the plan suggests that there is no middle-high risk area within the county (city, district) where the school is located, and teachers and students may not wear masks in class.

Nursery institutions: teachers and nurses should be relatively fixed, and children’s gathering activities should be strictly controlled.

The requirements for kindergartens to return to the park in the new version of the scheme are roughly the same as those in primary and secondary schools: teachers and children in low-risk areas can return to school after their health conditions meet the local epidemic prevention and control requirements after being audited by the park. Before returning from overseas, high-risk areas or other special circumstances, faculty and children must provide negative proof of nucleic acid test within 48 hours.

The prevention and control of epidemic situation in kindergartens protects young children with poor resistance. According to the characteristics of children’s age, the new version of the program requires that kindergartens implement relatively closed management in the park, and irrelevant personnel are not allowed to enter the park. Parents pick up and drop off their children in strict accordance with the pick-up and drop-off time of child care institutions, so as to prevent traffic congestion around child care institutions and crowd gathering at the gate of the park. Parents don’t enter the park when they pick up their children.

In the management of activities in the park, the new version emphasizes that teachers and nurses should be relatively fixed to reduce the flow overlap between different groups. According to the epidemic situation, national and territorial epidemic prevention and control policies, children’s gathering activities should be strictly controlled and large-scale gathering activities should not be organized.

In order to ensure the nutrition and hygiene of children’s diet, the new version of the program requires strict control of purchase channels, and raw materials such as food are purchased from formal channels to ensure traceability. Strengthen the hygienic management of food and drinking water, strictly control the quality of food, and strictly implement the inspection and record system of food purchase.

Ma Jun, a professor at Peking University Children and Adolescent Health Research Institute, suggested that autumn and winter are the high incidence seasons of respiratory infectious diseases. The difficulty of epidemic prevention in nurseries is that if children have common infectious diseases such as influenza or common cold in autumn and winter, they will also have symptoms such as fever and cough. Because these symptoms are similar to those in COVID-19, the most difficult thing is to distinguish and identify them. Therefore, improving children’s physical resistance is a very effective way to prevent and control the epidemic in nurseries.

The new version of the plan mentions that kindergartens should arrange physical exercise with appropriate content and form, outdoor activities for more than 2 hours a day, and moderate and above-intensity physical activities for children over 3 years old for at least 1 hour.